have a rounded bursa with a single large signa (more oblong with a much “fatter” vesica with a larger more prominent terminal cornutus than placida. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Lafontaine (1998)." 7/6/07 13:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6122-Habitat 6122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It is reported to fly in open conifer forest, and in sandy open montane." 7/6/07 13:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6122-LifeCycle 6122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Almost nothing is known. In Alberta there is a single brood with adults in later summer. Adults are attracted to light. The earlier stages are unknown. 7/6/07 13:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-ConservationStatus 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown (Cane and Tepedino 2001). 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-Cyclicity 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Flight periods of queens ranges from early April to late October; workers: early April to late September; males: early May to late September (Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-Distribution 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western Nearctic region (Williams 1996). 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-GeneralDescription 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus mixtus belongs to the diverse subgenus Pyrobombus Dalla Torre which is characterized by a malar space of medium length but longer than its apical width and antennal flagellum 2.5 to 3x the length of the scape. The penis valves of the males are usually hook shaped (Thorp et al., 1983).\n\nAbdominal segment 3 of the large bodied B. mixtus is typically covered in black pile with reddish hair on the apical portion (Curry 1984; Franklin 1912). The remainder of the segments are yellow, cloudy yellow, or reddish yellow (Curry 1984; Franklin 1912). The pleura and the face are primarily yellow (Franklin 1912) and the mesonotum has an extensive amount of black pile between the wing bases but it does not form a distinct band (Curry 1984). There is large colour variation in males and they may look similar to B. edwardsii or B. sitkensis however, B. mixtus males have very distinct hair fringes on the inner faces of the antennal flagellomeres (Thorp et al. 1983). The malar space is as long as it is wide (Thorp et al., 1983). Body size and wingspan varies between castes: queens are 11 to 15 mm with wingspans of 27 to 31 mm, workers range between 7 to 11 mm with wingspans of 17 to 25 mm, and males are 8 to 11 mm with wingspans of 21 to 25 mm. Wings are lightly stained brown (Franklin 1912)." 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-Habitat 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Underground, surface or above ground nests in and above the tree line of mixed deciduous and coniferous forests (Hobbs 1967)." 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-LifeCycle 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bombus mixtus has an annual colony cycle. Queens emerge in early April from shallow hibernacula dug into the soil to forage and find suitable nest sites, often in abandoned mouse or bird nests. Pollen is collected and manipulated by the founding queen into a ball. Eggs are laid in vertical rows on the top of the ball and covered over with pollen and wax. A nectar pot previously constructed allows the queen to feed while incubating the brood clump at 30-32° C. Larvae hatch after 4-5 days and begin to feed on the pollen mass. The queen continues foraging and regurgitates nectar to the larvae through openings on the top of the brood cells. After 4 molts, larvae spin loose silk cocoons and pupate. The queen now lays a second and third batch of eggs on top of the pupal cocoons using the pollen and wax from the first batch. Female workers emerge 4-5 weeks after the first eggs are laid and take over foraging and nest construction activities. The queen now exclusively constructs egg cells and lays eggs. As the colony expands upwards and outwards and workers increase in number, fertilized eggs become young queens and males emerge from unfertilized eggs. Caste differences are physiological and large numbers of workers are able to provide the food necessary to rear queens. Males are often produced before the new queens and will leave the colony almost immediately after emergence. Young queens may perform both nest and foraging duties prior to mating. Both sexes mate multiple times. Males will mount the queens in the air and continue coitus for several minutes on a nearby surface until kicked off by the female. Once mated, queens prepare for hibernation by eating and increasing vital fat body reserves. The colony declines in late October; workers, males, and the original queen die. The newly mated queens overwinter in small cells in the soil in preparation for spring. (Adapted from Alford 1975 and Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6276-TrophicStrategy 6276 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic, adults consume nectar and pollen from a variety of genera such as Ceanothus, Lupinus, and Rhododendron and are associated primarily with 6 different plant families in California (Thorp et al., 1983)" 2/25/08 11:27 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6319-Distribution 6319 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Abagrotis scopeopsis a western species, ranging from southern BC south through western MT, ID, UT and NV to southern CA. The only record from east of the mountains appears to be a single female collected at Dinosaur Provincial Park. The Alberta specimen was collected in arid eroded badlands of the Research Reserve in the park." 3/19/08 14:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6319-GeneralDescription 6319 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx.3.6 cm wingspan) moth with dark brown forewings liberally mixed with lighter brown and dull black scales. The normal lines are almost obsolete, faintly indicated by lighter scales with the AM line partially bordered by scattered black scales. The orbicular and reniform spots are filled with a mix of dark brown and black scales, and narrowly outlined with pale scales. The most prominent marking is the contrasting prominent pale blue-grey or grey terminal band, followed by a thin scalloped dark line and dark brown and black fringe. The hindwings are solid dark sooty brown with a light tan fringe. Similar to A. variata, which is slightly larger and lacks the pale outline around the spots. Some specimens of Abagrotis placida are superficially very similar, but most specimens can be recognized by their paler brown hindwings, which show a contrasting dark discal mark. Questionable specimens can be identified by examining the genitalia. Adults and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Lafontaine (1998). In addition to other characters scopeops has a large ovate bursa with a single signa; placida has a more elongate bursa with a second signa. The adult and genitalia illustrated here are of the Alberta specimen." 3/19/08 14:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6319-LifeCycle 6319 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is likely a single brood, with adults in the early fall; the Alberta specimen, collected September 4, 2005, was fresh. The early stages and larval hosts are unknown." 3/19/08 14:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6321-ConservationStatus 6321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Fairly widespread but uncommon. 3/19/08 14:21 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6321-Distribution 6321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "NS west to the AB foothills; south to GA and KS. Primarily a south-eastern species, occurring north and west to the prairies and parklands of southern AB.." 3/19/08 14:21 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6321-GeneralDescription 6321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.3-3.8 cm.ws) clear grey moth with fine black markings of \nthe FW and shining white HW. The grey FW is crossed by a fine black basal line, a thicker black AM and a thinner, broken PM line. The wedge-shaped claviform, the orbicular and reniform spots are paler, and outlined in black scales. Also a small dark patch on mid-costa and near the apex, and a short thin black dash in the anal angle. HW shining white, with some darker scales along the veins and the outer margin. Sexes similar, except male antennae bipectinate, female simple." 3/19/08 14:21 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6321-TrophicStrategy 6321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Reported hosts include ash (Fraxinus sp.), Fringe-tree, and Feverwort. In the eastern part of our region native Green ash is the likely host, but elsewhere in AB it may use ash plantings, or another as yet to be identified tree. In the American southeast, Fringetree (Chionanthus virginicus) is the favored host, hence both the common and Latin names." 3/19/08 14:21 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5293-Distribution 5293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Agrotis obliqua is a widespread moth, found from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island, and from Churchill to southern Arizona." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5293-GeneralDescription 5293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (forewing length about 35 mm) with dark blackish brown or reddish brown forewings crossed by darker antemedian and postmedian lines. The hindwings are dark brown. It can be separated from the very similar A. vancouverensis by the elongate hollow basal dash and claviform streak filled with brown scales (black filled in vancouverensis). It is also similar to and difficult to separate from Agrotis volubilis. Males of volubilis have pale whitish wings while those of obliqua are dark. Many specimens of vancouverensis and obliqua are difficult to separate, and are frequently found misidentified in collections" 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5293-Habitat 5293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta is most common in the wooded parts of the parklands and foothills, but also can be found throughout the boreal forest and in wooded valleys in the grasslands region." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5293-LifeCycle 5293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Although this is not an uncommon moth, the life history is poorly known. The immature stages and host plants are unknown. There is a single annual brood with adults in the spring and early summer." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-ConservationStatus 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread and fairly common. 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-Cyclicity 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flies May-July. 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-Distribution 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Across southern Canada to the BC coast; south. 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-GeneralDescription 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium sized ( 3.5-4 cm. ws) broad-winged dagger-moth with pale grey-brown or tan forewings and shining white hindwings. The markings on the forewings are greatly reduced; only the postmedian line is complete, with the others only indicated by dark spots on the costa. The postmedian line is made up of three outward arcs, partially lined on the distal side by dark scales and on the proximal side by pale ones. The reniform is partially outlined with dark scales in a crescent. The terminal line is comprised of a series of fine dots between the veins. The hindwings are white, with the discal spot and veins faintly marked with darker scales. Sexes similar, the female slightly larger and with darker hindwings. Other Alberta dagger-moths are either darker grey or chalky white (A. vulpina)." 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-Habitat 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous woodlands; Common in plantings of birch and poplar in urban areas 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6123-TrophicStrategy 6123 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "White and Yellow birch (Betula papyrifera and B. alleghaniensis), Poplars (Populus tremuloides and P. balsamifera), speckled alder (Alnus rugosa), willow (Salix sp.), and pin cherry (Prunus pennsylvanicus)." 7/6/07 13:40 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-ConservationStatus 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Chrysops noctifer has the most restricted range of all the western deerflies, but is not considered threatened or in need of conservation." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-Cyclicity 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Chrysops noctifer has a very broad flight period, from late April to early September, but the peak period is July." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-Distribution 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western montane species, extending down the Rocky Mountains from the Yukon Territory south through British Columbia and western Alberta into California and as far south as Colorado (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-GeneralDescription 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females are 8-11 mm in length and very dark. On the head, the frons is slightly broader than high, and very glossy black; the antennae are black, with reddish hints; the clypeus and gena are glossy black, the clypeus with a median pruinose stripe extending half its length (Teskey 1990). The thorax is not striped, but is subglossy black with black and pale hairs together; the pleura are grayish, with white hair; the legs are black; the wings have a dilute apical spot separated from the crossband (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe males are similar to the females, but even blacker; most abdominal and thoracic hairs are black (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe combination of dark coloration and the dilute apical infuscation (pigmentation) separate from the crossband of the wing make this deerfly unmistakable (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-Habitat 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Montane habitats with mineral soils and moderate organic matter, such as the margins of beaver ponds and shallow, slow-moving streams (Teskey, 1985)." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-LifeCycle 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Little is known of the life history of C. noctifer. 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6286-TrophicStrategy 6286 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae of C. noctifer; the adults are presumed to subsist primarily on flower nectar, as most tabanids do." 2/27/08 9:37 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-ConservationStatus 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Widespread and common. White et al. (1985) report that it was by far the most common deerfly caught over a two-year period in northern New York State, comprising over 40% of all Chrysops spp. individuals." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-Cyclicity 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Throughout most of its largely boreal range, C. ater is found from mid May through early July, with June being the month of peak activity (Teskey 1990); in northern New York State, C. ater can be collected from late May through early July, with June being the month of peak activity (White et al. 1985); in southwestern Quebec, C. ater can be found only from late May through mid June (Leprince et al. 1983)." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-Distribution 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Chrysops ater is found transcontinentally in boreal North America, with range extensions south to West Virginia in the east and Utah and Colorado in the west." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-GeneralDescription 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females are predominantly black. Teskey (1990) describes the characters as follows: on the head, the frontal callus and a large area around the ocelli are glossy black; the antennae are slender, and the scape and a portion of the pedicel are yellowish; the clypeus has a median grey pruinose (powdery) stripe half its length; the palpi are black. On the thorax, the the hairs are largely pale and the scutum has a single, broad, gray longitudinal stripe; in keeping with the body, the wings are darkly pigmented in all but the apical quarter of the basal cells, and in the crossband. The abdomen has white hairs on the sternites and most of the tergites; tergite 1 has an inverted ""V"" of black hair, and tergites 2-3 have lateral patches of black hairs.\n\nMales are similar to females, except smaller and the hairs on the head, thorax, and abdominal tergites 1-3 are black at the base. \n\nTeskey (1990) elevated C. ater from a subspecies of C. carbonarius to full species rank on the basis of several consistent morphological differences, the principal adult difference being the the less well-defined dark crossband of the wing in C. ater as compared to C. carbonarius: in C. ater the band does not reach the posterior margin of the wing, or only does so narrowly." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-Habitat 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Larvae are usually collected in mud or silt from slow-moving streams with high levels of organic matter (Teskey 1969). 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-LifeCycle 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Not much is known of C. ater specifically. It seems, however, that C. ater is an unusually active and robust flier: White et al. (1985) studied the dispersal of various Chrysops species in northern New York State, and found that C. ater dispersed the farthest: some individuals were recaptured up to 7 km from the site of release. The minimum dispersal rate for the species was calculated to be 1.5 km/h, easily the highest among all the Chrysops studied. \n\nChrysops ater is a facultatively autogenic species, that is, females may or may not require a blood meal in order to generate a brood. Lake and Burger (1980) found that females of C. ater in northern New England were autogenous (not requiring a blood meal for egg production), whereas Magnarelli (1976) found that in eastern New York State, 94% of females were anautogenous (requiring a blood meal for egg production). Combined with the observation of Thomas (1972) that autogenic females of several Chrysops spp. have more than three times the amount of lipids as a percent of dry body weight than anautogenous females, the inference is that autogenic egg production is dependent upon the amount of nutrients the females are able to store from their larval stage: when nutrient reserves are low, the females are forced to take a blood meal in order to produce a brood (Lake and Burger, 1980)." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6277-TrophicStrategy 6277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae. Adults are presumed to feed upon flower nectar and aphid honeydew, as tabanids are known to do." 2/25/08 13:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6384-Distribution 6384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Newfoundland west to BC. Southern limits are difficult to determine as it has only recently been recognized as a separate species. We have no records from the foothills or mountains. Apparently absent from the foothills and mountains. 4/3/08 8:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6384-GeneralDescription 6384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A rather small (2.2 – 2.7 cm wingspan) broad-winged moth. The forewing is marbled with yellow-brown, red-brown and dark grey-brown. Both the antemedian and postmedian lines are doubled, outlined in dark and filled with pale scales. Orbicular round, yellow-brown, reniform large and filled with light grey or brown with a prominent dark spot on the dorsal side. Terminal area and fringe dark brown, almost black. Hind wings light grey-brown, darkening toward the outer margin, with light brown fringe. Head and collar dark brown, contrasting with lighter thorax and tegulae. Sexes similar." 4/3/08 8:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6384-Habitat 6384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it has been collected widely in the boreal forest and parklands regions, south in the grasslands along wooded river valleys." 4/3/08 8:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6384-LifeCycle 6384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light, and there is a single annual brood in Alberta. Adults fly mainly in late May and June Box Elder (Acer negundo) has been reported as a host for E. festivoides, a record that likely actually refers to alapallida." 4/3/08 8:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-ConservationStatus 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Local and rarely collected. 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-Cyclicity 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-Distribution 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic. In North America it has a northern distribution, occurring from AK and YT to Labrador; south to Northern MB and BC, and in the Rocky Mountains to southern AB. In Alberta it has been collected in the mountains from just north of Calgary to the Grande Cache area." 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-GeneralDescription 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (4.0 - 4.6 cm. wingspan) light brown to purple-grey moth with dark markings. Veins in median area whitish. Lines single, black. AM line broken and dentate, when visible below anal vein, looping far out. PM line a row of spots, ST of blackish wedges. Spots normal, black outlined, the orbicular sometimes and reniform usually filled.with dark scales. Claviform a short black bar, long loop or wedge. Hindwings pale brown. Antennae subpectinate on one side of shaft, serrate on other. Sexes similar." 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-Habitat 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Boreal forest and wet shrubby tundra. 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6124-TrophicStrategy 6124 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy unknown. 7/6/07 13:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5296-Distribution 5296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Agrotis stigmosa is an eastern species, occurring from New England west to Colorado, the Dakotas and eastern Alberta. In Alberta is has been collected in the area east and south of Edmonton." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5296-GeneralDescription 5296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (forewing length about 36 mm) but one of the larger species of Agrotis. The forewings are pale yellowish grey or tan with dark blackish or reddish brown along the leading edge. The antemedian and postmedian cross lines are essentially obsolete, indicated by a few dark scales only. The claviform, reniform and orbicular spots are also less prominent and partially lined with lighter scales. The hindwings are dark brown. The predominantly pale forewings will separate stigmosa from other species of Agrotis. Most likely to be confused with Agrotis volubilis, which flies at the same time. Agrotis volubilis has dark forewings and pale hindwings; this pattern is reversed in stigmosa." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5296-Habitat 5296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Usually in open xeric areas with lighter soils or sand. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5296-LifeCycle 5296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Agrotis stigmosa is single brooded with adults in Alberta from mid May through mid-June. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larvae are described by Lafontaine (2004). Larvae have been reared on Yarrow (Achillea sp.) but like other Agrotis, they are likely generalists on low-growing herbs." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5297-Cyclicity 5297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults in late spring and early summer, with the main flight in June" 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5297-Distribution 5297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Agrotis vancouverensis has a western distribution, and is absent from most of the Great Plains and Great Basin regions. In Alberta is has been collected widely in the parklands, foothills and mountains, and in wooded parts of the grasslands region." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5297-GeneralDescription 5297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (forewing length about 33 mm) with light and dark reddish brown forewings. The subterminal area in particular is usually lighter brown, and is crossed by poorly defined jagged light and dark lines. The orbicular and reniform spots are well defined, with the area before and between them blackish. The basal dash-claviform spot is prominent and filled with black scales. Hidwings brown. Very similar to and often confused with A. obliqua, which is slightly larger, darker, and less streaky appearing. Specimens of vancouverensis and obliqua are difficult to separate, and are frequently found misidentified in collections." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5297-LifeCycle 5297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Agrotis vancouverensis is single brooded, with adults in late spring and early summer, with the main flight in June. They are nocturnal and come to light. The larva is described by both Crumb (1956) and Lafontaine (2004)." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5297-TrophicStrategy 5297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae have been collected on both strawberry and clover, and are likely generalists on low growing herbs." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-ConservationStatus 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A widespread and fairly common moth; no concerns. 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-Cyclicity 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta adults are on the wing in August and early September. 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-Distribution 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Boreal America, from Newfoundland west to Yukon, Alaska and Vancouver Island; south to at least Montana. In Alberta it is found throughout the southern Boreal forest, foothills and lower elevations in the mountains, as well as in parts of the aspen parklands. Populations from MB west have been named subspecies albertina." 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-GeneralDescription 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (2.8-3.4 cm wingspan) grey moth with black and white markings. The forewings have a short black basal dash, bordered on the upper side with a pale line that usually meets the lower antemedian line and joins it to form a curved doubled loop to the lower margin. The orbicular and reniform spots are large and filled with pale scales, and the area between the two spots is usually filled with darker scales. The postmedian line is sinuous and made up of a series of pale crescents between the veins, bordered on the lower end with dark scales basad and pale scales distad. The fringes are grey, lightly checkered with pale scales marking the veins. Hindwings are grey, lighter towards the base, and the fringes are not checkered. The antennae are simple, and sexes are alike. The overall color of specimens ranges from almost black to pale pearl grey, with paler specimens (""jocasta"") in drier habitats and darker ones in more mesic ones." 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-Habitat 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous and mixedwood forest and edges. 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6385-LifeCycle 6385 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Little is known. Adults are single brooded, with a fall flight, and are attracted to light." 4/3/08 8:26 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6386-Distribution 6386 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Trancontinental, from Newfoundland to western BC, north to Alaks and subarctic Alberta, south to New England and New York. In Alberta it has been collected sparingly from the Caribou Mountains and foothills south to the Battle River." 4/3/08 8:29 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6386-GeneralDescription 6386 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.4-1.8 cm wingspan) broad-winged moth. The wings are crossed by a fairly wide orange-maroon basal and subterminal bands. The orbicular is a large, blackish spot joinde to the costa via a thick bar of the same color. The hindwings are crossedf by a number of narrow, parallel partial bines, and there is a pronminent dark discal mark. Very similar to but slightly smaller than E. mutata. Positive identification can be made by examining the genitalia (see Bolte, 1990 for keys, descripions of unique characters, and illustrations of the adults and genitalia of both sexes)." 4/3/08 8:29 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6386-LifeCycle 6386 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larvae are borers in the cones of coniferous tress,mainly White spruce (Picea glauca) but also Engleman spruce, Doulas fir, Balsam fir, Red pine Jack pine. There is a single annal brood, with adults in July and August. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. Hibernated in the pupal stage." 4/3/08 8:29 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-ConservationStatus 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Rare in Alberta, but probably of no concern." 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-Cyclicity 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-Distribution 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution A North American species known primarily from the northeastern United States and adjoining Canada west to British Columbia. Prentice et al. (1965) mapped its Canadian distribution. Reported in Alberta from Area 10 (Edmonton) by Bowman (1951) as Herculia thymetusalis. It has since been found in a number of other locations. 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-GeneralDescription 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A rose to violet colored pyralid moth with AM and PM lines enlarged into triangular, yellow costal patches. Wingspan 22 mm. There is a narrow, yellow fringe. Similar to Hypsopygia costalis and Dolichomia olinalis. Distinguished from the former which has a 13-18 mm wingspan and a wide, yellow fringe; and from the latter which has a darker ground color and has a violet fringe." 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-Habitat 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Wooded areas. 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-LifeCycle 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle A solitary leaf roller (Prentice 1965). 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6235-TrophicStrategy 6235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Primarily spruce (Prentice 1965). 2/14/08 9:05 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-ConservationStatus 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-Cyclicity 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to mid August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-Distribution 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Newfoundland, south to California, Texas, and North Carolina." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-GeneralDescription 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is olive-brown with darker olive brown markings. The median line is usually obscured in the middle of the wing, and the triangular patch on the costa just before the apex is usually very prominent. The hindwing varies from light grey to white.\nThis species has a costal fold in the male, which coupled with the obscured median band, and olive-brown colour will separate it from C. peritana." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-Habitat 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found in a variety of habitats, most common in shrubby open areas or aspen parkland." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22988-TrophicStrategy 22988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva feeds on a variety of species in the Rose Family (Rosaceae). (Razowski 1979) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-ConservationStatus 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-Cyclicity 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Early July to mid August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-Distribution 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south to Colorado, Illinois, and Maine." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-GeneralDescription 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing varies from light to dark brown with prominent dark brown markings. The basal, median and upper postmedian lines are distinct and sharply defined with pale edging. The hindwing is light to dark grey.\nThe larva is inseperable from the other species in this genus. (MacKay 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-Habitat 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous forests and shrubby areas. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30637-TrophicStrategy 30637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy A variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. (Freeman 1958) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-ConservationStatus 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "This species has a restricted range in Alberta, but is widespread and common to the west and south and can be a pest on apple in Washington State. (Curkovic, et al. 2006)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-Cyclicity 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Mid August, as early as early July elsewhere." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-Distribution 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout the western mountains from British Columbia south to California, east to Alberta and Utah, In Alberta known from Waterton Lakes N. P. and Raymond." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-GeneralDescription 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing varies from light to dark brown with prominent dark brown markings. The basal, median and upper postmedian lines are distinct and sharply defined with pale edging. The hindwing is white.\nThe larva is indistinguishable from other species in this genus (MacKay 1962)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-Habitat 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Most forested habitats with deciduous trees and shrubs. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-LifeCycle 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females call for males with pheromones and the males respond by wing fanning, locating the female, meeting her head to head, curling the abdomen and engaging the genitalia. If successful they mate end to end. (Curkovic, et al. 2006)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30220-TrophicStrategy 30220 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Recorded from Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) and on apple (Malus sp.), but probably is a generalist on deciduous trees and shrubs (Curkovic, et al. 2006; Mackay 1962)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-ConservationStatus 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown (Cane and Tepedino 2001). 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-Cyclicity 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Flight period of queens ranges from late April to early September; workers: early May to early September; males: early May to early October (Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-Distribution 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western Nearctic region (Williams 1996). 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-GeneralDescription 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus centralis belongs to the diverse subgenus Pyrobombus Dalla Torre which is characterized by a malar space of medium length but longer than its apical width and antennal flagellum 2.5 to 3x the length of the scape. The penis valves of the males are usually hook shaped (Thorp et al., 1983).\n\nBombus centralis has a large, densely yellow haired body with a distinct black band between the bases of the wings. Females have reddish-orange pile on third and fourth abdominal segments (Curry 1984) while males have reddish pile on abdominal segments 3 thru 5 (Thorp et al. 1983). Pile at the base of the legs is often light (Franklin 1912). Body size and wingspan varies between castes: queens are 12.5 to 16 mm with wingspans of 29 to 33 mm, workers range between 9.5 to 12.5 mm with wingspans of 23 to 28 mm, and males are 10 to 13 mm with wingspans of 22 to 29 mm. Wings are lightly stained brown in all castes (Franklin 1912). Male genitalia are similar to B. flavifrons with smoothly rounded, sickle shaped penis valves, narrow valsellae and a weakly trilobate sternite 8 that is apically membraneous (Thorp et al. 1983, Franklin 1912)." 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-Habitat 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Underground nests in mixed prairie or treed river valley habitats where Bromus, Poa, Populus, and Festuca predominate (Hobbs 1967)." 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-LifeCycle 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bombus centralis has an annual colony cycle. Queens emerge in late April from shallow hibernacula dug into the soil to forage and find suitable nest sites, often in abandoned mouse nests. Pollen is collected and manipulated by the founding queen into a ball. Eggs are laid in vertical rows on the top of the ball and covered over with pollen and wax. A nectar pot previously constructed allows the queen to feed while incubating the brood clump at 30-32° C. Larvae hatch after 4-5 days and begin to feed on the pollen mass. The queen continues foraging and regurgitates nectar to the larvae through openings on the top of the brood cells. After 4 molts, larvae spin loose silk cocoons and pupate. The queen now lays a second and third batch of eggs on top of the pupal cocoons using the pollen and wax from the first batch. Female workers emerge 4-5 weeks after the first eggs are laid and take over foraging and nest construction activities. The queen now exclusively constructs egg cells and lays eggs. As the colony expands upwards and outwards and workers increase in number, fertilized eggs become young queens and males emerge from unfertilized eggs. Caste differences are physiological and large numbers of workers are able to provide the food necessary to rear queens. Males are often produced before the new queens and will leave the colony almost immediately after emergence. Young queens may perform both nest and foraging duties prior to mating. Both sexes mate multiple times. Males will mount the queens in the air and continue coitus for several minutes on a nearby surface until kicked off by the female. Once mated, queens prepare for hibernation by eating and increasing vital fat body reserves. The colony declines in early September; workers, males, and the original queen die. The newly mated queens overwinter in small cells in the soil in preparation for spring. (Adapted from Alford 1975 and Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6273-TrophicStrategy 6273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic, adults consume nectar and pollen from a variety of 61 plant families, primarily Compositae, Leguminosae, and Labiatae in California with Chrysothamnus, Cirsium, and Monardella receiving the most visits (Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 10:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-ConservationStatus 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown (Cane and Tepedino 2001). 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-Cyclicity 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight period of queens ranges from late March to late August; workers: late April to late September; males: late May to late September (Thorp et al. 1983). 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-Distribution 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western Nearctic region (Williams 1996). 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-GeneralDescription 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus flavifrons belongs to the diverse subgenus Pyrobombus Dalla Torre which is characterized by a malar space of medium length but longer than its apical width and antennal flagellum 2.5 to 3x the length of the scape. The penis valves of the males are usually hook shaped (Thorp et al., 1983).\n\nThe robust body of B. flavifrons is densely covered in coarse yellow and black pile. The face and head are primarily yellow (Franklin 1912) and mixed with black on the anterior scutum (Thorp et al. 1983). Abdominal segments 3 and 4 are typically black but males may have yellow pile and females, reddish pile on the apical portion (Thorp et al. 1983). Pile at the base of the legs is light and the wings subhyaline (Franklin 1912). Body size and wingspan varies between castes: queens are 13 to 16 mm with wingspans of 27 to 34 mm, workers range between 9 to 12 mm with wingspans of 19 to 27 mm, and males are 11 to 12 mm with wingspans of 25 to 26 mm (Franklin 1912). The male genitalia is very similar to B. centralis with smoothly rounded, sickle shaped penis valves, narrow valsellae and a weakly trilobate sternite 8 that is apically membraneous (Thorp et al. 1983, Franklin 1912)." 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-Habitat 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Concealed, underground nests in mixed deciduous and coniferous forests (Hobbs 1967)." 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-LifeCycle 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bombus flavifrons has an annual colony cycle. Queens emerge in late March from shallow hibernacula dug into the soil to forage and find suitable nest sites, often in abandoned mouse nests. Pollen is collected and manipulated by the founding queen into a ball. Eggs are laid in vertical rows on the top of the ball and covered over with pollen and wax. A nectar pot previously constructed allows the queen to feed while incubating the brood clump at 30-32° C. Larvae hatch after 4-5 days and begin to feed on the pollen mass. The queen continues foraging and regurgitates nectar to the larvae through openings on the top of the brood cells. After 4 molts, larvae spin loose silk cocoons and pupate. The queen now lays a second and third batch of eggs on top of the pupal cocoons using the pollen and wax from the first batch. Female workers emerge 4-5 weeks after the first eggs are laid and take over foraging and nest construction activities. The queen now exclusively constructs egg cells and lays eggs. As the colony expands upwards and outwards and workers increase in number, fertilized eggs become young queens and males emerge from unfertilized eggs. Caste differences are physiological and large numbers of workers are able to provide the food necessary to rear queens. Males are often produced before the new queens and will leave the colony almost immediately after emergence. Young queens may perform both nest and foraging duties prior to mating. Both sexes mate multiple times. Males will mount the queens in the air and continue coitus for several minutes on a nearby surface until kicked off by the female. Once mated, queens prepare for hibernation by eating and increasing vital fat body reserves. The colony declines in late August; workers, males, and the original queen die. The newly mated queens overwinter in small cells in the soil in preparation for spring. (Adapted from Alford 1975 and Thorp et al., 1983)" 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6274-TrophicStrategy 6274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic, adults consume nectar and pollen from a variety of 61 plant families, primarily Compositae, Leguminosae, Saxifragaceae, and Labiatae in California with Cirsium, Epilobium, and Mentha receiving the most visits (Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 11:10 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-ConservationStatus 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status An uncommon species; but no obvious concerns. 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-Cyclicity 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid June through mid July. 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-Distribution 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Northern Arizona and New Mexico north to the Peace River area of west central Alberta, east to southwestern Saskatchewan and western North Dakota. In Alberta it has been collected in locally from the southern foothills north in the Red Deer River valley to Tolman Bridge Recreation area east of Trochu. There is a disjunct population in the Peace River district." 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-GeneralDescription 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A robust medium-size moth (3.9-4.5 cm wingspan) with pale buff-grey forewings with few prominent markings. Markings are more or less confined to a black basal dash and some scattered black scaling below the sinuous light line defining the lower part of the orbicular and the reniform spots. The antemedian line and in particular the scalloped postmedian line and the veins extending from it to the wing margin are usually lightly lined with dark scales. There is also a small patch of dark scales on the margin between each pair of vein, and the fringe is very faintly checkered. The hindwings are white, shading to light grey near the margin in most specimens. Some specimens, especially when very fresh, may be darker grey and better marked, but most seen have been very washed-out looking. The early stages are unknown." 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-Habitat 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Badlands; arid native grasslands and slopes along drainages. 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6100-LifeCycle 6100 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood. The immature stages are unknown. 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6198-Distribution 6198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Schinia roseitincta occurs from southeastern Manitoba and the Black Hills of South Dakota west to southeastern Alberta, Montana, Colorado, Utah and New Mexico. The only Alberta record is a single fresh specimen collected by Ted Pike in the Red Deer River valley north of Jenner (east of Jenner Bridge)." 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6198-GeneralDescription 6198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description A small (approx. 2 cm wingspan) moth with maroon and dark olive forewings and dark scarlet hindwings with a broad black marginal band. The scarlet and black hindwings will separate roseitincta from all other Alberta Schinia. 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6198-Habitat 6198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid grasslands and badlands. 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6198-LifeCycle 6198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This little moth is unusual in that it is active night and day, as are also a few other Schinia species, such as the green Schinia meadi, and some species of Drasteria and Caenurgina. Chuck Harp (pers. comm. 2006) reports that roseitincta is associated with Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursch) Greene (aka stemless four-nerve-daisy, stemless hymenoxys, or rubberweed), the probable host plant . Like other Schinia species, it undoubtedly feeds on the flowering parts and seeds of the host plant, and is thus single brooded with a flight period closely linked to the chronology of the host. The Alberta specimen was collected on the night of June 2, 2006." 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-ConservationStatus 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Uncommon in Alberta, but a widespread species. No reason for concern." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-Cyclicity 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The only Alberta specimen was collected on July 20. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-Distribution 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Across southern Canada from the Maritimes to southern BC, south to Texas." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-GeneralDescription 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.8-2.3 cm wingspan) creamy white to very light tan moth with somewhat pointed forewings and a pointed margin on the hindwings. The wings are speckled with black dots, forming a loose median band with heavier spotting on the outer half of the wings, usually forming dark patches in the anal-angle areas of both sets of wings. There are also a series of black spots on the dorsal abdomen. The small size and the distinctive pattern of black speckling will separate it from other species of Scopula." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-Habitat 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The only Alberta specimen to date was taken on shrubby native grassland on the floodplain of the South Saskatchewan River. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-LifeCycle 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6103-TrophicStrategy 6103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Apparently polyphagous; recorded hosts include lettuce and dandelion (Covell, 1984); and Asteraceae (unknown)." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-ConservationStatus 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "This is the most common asopine species in N.A., though reportedly rare in Florida (Blatchley 1926)." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-Cyclicity 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are active from April to October (De Clercq 2000); a single specimen in the Strickland Museum was collected in November. 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-Distribution 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Maw et al. (2000) indicate a distribution ranging across the eastern provinces of Canada, from Manitoba to Newfoundland. However, Henry and Froeschner (1988) reported in their catalog that this species ranges as far as British Columbia to the west and Texas to the south. They also indicate introduced populations in Europe and Korea (Henry and Froeschner 1988). This species has not been collected in Alberta." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-GeneralDescription 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is brown in colour and lacks the obvious dull-yellow mottling apparent in P. placidus. The ""spined soldier bug"" lends itself to the characteristics of its pronotum. The pronotum has very concave margins with narrow, smooth sided projections on either side that resemble spines. There is a ventral spine on abdominal sternite II that projects anteriorly and reaches between the hind coxa. This characteristic isolates this species from P. brevispinus. Also, the membrane of the wings has a dark spot unlike P. placidus. Adults are of a larger size in comparison to the other Podisus species; length 11-13.5 mm (Blatchley 1926; McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-Habitat 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This species is common along streams, densely wooded areas (Blatchley 1926), and in agricultural ecosystems (De Clercq 2000)." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-LifeCycle 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The eggs of this species hatch after approximately one week at temperatures between 20° C and 25° C. First instar nymphs are gregarious and phytophagous, but with consecutive molts become more independent and full on predators (De Clercq 2000). Between 25 and 46 days after hatching nymphs become mature adults (Blatchley 1926; De Clercq 2000). The species overwinters as adults and after emerging from hibernation begin mating immediately, often mating several times and with several partners. Up to 492 eggs have been recorded as being oviposited by a single female (De Clercq 2000)." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6424-TrophicStrategy 6424 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species is highly polyphagous, with more than 90 insect prey species, but primarily feeds on the larvae of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. First instar nymphs are phytophagous but become predatory after molting. In addition, later instars and adults are known to exhibit cannibalistic behaviour when food is limited (De Clercq 2000)." 1/6/09 12:04 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-ConservationStatus 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is cosmopolitan in distribution (Anderson 1997) and in no need of conservation. 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-Cyclicity 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity One generation per year. Adults emerge from hibernation in April or May (Blatchley & Leng 1916). Newly emerged adults appear in June (Blatchley & Leng 1916) and have been collected into July. 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-Distribution 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution This species is native to the old world but was introduced to New England in the 1850s (Blatchley & Leng 1916). It has since become widespread in the new world and achieved a Holarctic distribution (Anderson 1997; Colonnelli 2004). 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-GeneralDescription 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "According to Blatchley & Leng (1916), adults are oblong-oval, and black overall with white scales. The dorsal surface is covered in small narrow scales, while the ventral surface is covered with larger wider scales. The funicle (antennal segments between the scape and the clubbed) is seven segmented with the first and second segments being longer than the third and forth together. The beak is slender, cylindrical and about the length of head and thorax combined. The hind femora are toothed. Length 2.7 – 3.2 mm." 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-Habitat 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat This species is cosmopolitan and occurs wherever its host plants exist (Anderson 1997). 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-LifeCycle 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The adults overwinter and emerge in the spring to lay eggs in the stems of their host plants (Blatchley & Leng 1916). The eggs hatch in five to eight days (Blatchley & Leng 1916). The larvae feed within the stems and roots of their host plants (Anderson 1997). The larvae pupate in tiny earthen cocoons just below the soil surface (Blatchley & Leng 1916). The time of development between egg and adult is six to seven weeks (Blatchley & Leng 1916). 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6151-TrophicStrategy 6151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy This weevil has been found on several members of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) as well as Cannabis sativa L. (Colonnelli 2004). They seem to prefer wild mustards to cultivated forms (Blatchley & Leng 1916). 1/11/08 10:02 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-ConservationStatus 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown (Cane and Tepedino 2001). 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-Cyclicity 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Flight period of queens ranges early February to late October; workers: early April to early September; males: early May to early September (Thorp et al, 1983)." 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-Distribution 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western Nearctic region (Williams 1996). 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-GeneralDescription 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus melanopygus belongs to the diverse subgenus Pyrobombus Dalla Torre which is characterized by a malar space of medium length but longer than its apical width and antennal flagellum 2.5 to 3x the length of the scape. The penis valves of the males are usually hook shaped (Thorp et al., 1983).\n\nBombus melanopygus has a large body densely covered in long, fine pile (Franklin 1912). Abdominal segment 1 is yellow, segments 2 and 3 are red or orange, and the remaining segments (4-6) are black. The anterior scutum and the vertex of head and face are covered in a mixture of black and yellow pile and appear clouded (Thorp et al. 1983; Curry 1984). Males tend to have less black pile on the face and the third antennal segment is shorter than the fifth but longer than the fourth (Franklin 1912). Body size and wingspan varies between castes: queens are 15 to 18 mm with wingspans of 29 to 36 mm, workers range between 11 to 15 mm with wingspans of 25 to 29 mm, and males are 9 to 13 mm with wingspans of 21 to 26 mm. Wings are darkly stained brown (Franklin 1912). The penis valve is rounded at the apex with a sharp angle at middle of apical curvature. The gonostylus is short and sternite 8 is uniformly thick (Thorp et al. 1983)." 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-Habitat 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Underground nests in Cordilleran forest and Boreal-Cordilleran transition zones and common on alsike clover Trifolium hybridum L. (Hobbs 1967). There are some reports of surface nesting (Thorp et al. 1983). 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-LifeCycle 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bombus melanopygus has an annual colony cycle. Queens emerge in early February from shallow hibernacula dug into the soil to forage and find suitable nest sites, often in abandoned mouse nests. Pollen is collected and manipulated by the founding queen into a ball. Eggs are laid in vertical rows on the top of the ball and covered over with pollen and wax. A nectar pot previously constructed allows the queen to feed while incubating the brood clump at 30-32° C. Larvae hatch after 4-5 days and begin to feed on the pollen mass. The queen continues foraging and regurgitates nectar to the larvae through openings on the top of the brood cells. After 4 molts, larvae spin loose silk cocoons and pupate. The queen now lays a second and third batch of eggs on top of the pupal cocoons using the pollen and wax from the first batch. Female workers emerge 4-5 weeks after the first eggs are laid and take over foraging and nest construction activities. The queen now exclusively constructs egg cells and lays eggs. As the colony expands upwards and outwards and workers increase in number, fertilized eggs become young queens and males emerge from unfertilized eggs. Caste differences are physiological and large numbers of workers are able to provide the food necessary to rear queens. Males are often produced before the new queens and will leave the colony almost immediately after emergence. Young queens may perform both nest and foraging duties prior to mating. Both sexes mate multiple times. Males will mount the queens in the air and continue coitus for several minutes on a nearby surface until kicked off by the female. Once mated, queens prepare for hibernation by eating and increasing vital fat body reserves. The colony declines in late October; workers, males, and the original queen die. The newly mated queens overwinter in small cells in the soil in preparation for spring. (Adapted from Alford 1975 and Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6275-TrophicStrategy 6275 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic, adults consume nectar and pollen from a variety of 61 plant families, primarily Salicaceae, Violaceae, Compositae, and Leguminosae in California (Thorp et al., 1983)." 2/25/08 11:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23810-Cyclicity 23810 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Mid May to the end of June in Alberta, from March to August elsewhere (Dang 1992, Freeman 1958)." 1/14/09 10:18 10/27/14 10:25 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23810-Distribution 23810 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This Holarctic species is has been found sporadically in northern areas from Alaska to Newfoundland, south in mountainous areas to California, Maine, and New Hampshire. Known from Edmonton and Nordegg in Alberta." 1/14/09 10:18 10/27/14 10:25 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23810-GeneralDescription 23810 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Variable. The forewing is beige to brownish yellow with the darker markings reddish brown to dark brick brown (Dang 1992). The median band is prominet, especially along the inner edge. The subterminal triangle is similar and sometimes partially extends down towards the anal angle. The forewing is filled with fine dark lines that are prominent throughout the lighter parts of the wing. There is no costal fold. The hindwing has some faint strigulations at the extreme apex and is typically white in Nearctic specimens, though can also be much darker as is typical in Palearctic specimens.\nThis species can easily be confused with several other Choristoneura species. The much more abundant C. rosaceana can be separated by the males having a small, pointy costal fold and the females being much larger with a at least partially orange hindwing. In males of C. fractivittana the strigulations of the forewing are less obvious, the hindwing is typically darker, and a small costal fold is present; while in females the forewing also has less obvious strigulations and there is often a hind of a basal patch present. Choristoneura zapulata typically has a slightly darker hindwing, but dissection is often necessary to separate it from C. albaniana." 1/14/09 10:18 10/27/14 10:25 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23810-Habitat 23810 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Probably forests in boreal and mountainous regions. 1/14/09 10:18 10/27/14 10:25 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23810-TrophicStrategy 23810 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy One specimen has been reared from Pin Cherry (Prunus pennsylvanica) and there is an unconfirmed record of it on larch (Larix sp.) in the Palearctic (Dang 1992). 1/14/09 10:18 10/27/14 10:25 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-ConservationStatus 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A fairly uncommon widespread species; no concerns. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-Cyclicity 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta collections from mid June through the end of July. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-Distribution 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic. In North America it occurs across the boreal forest region, from Alaska across the Territories and Nunavit to Newfoundland, and in the mountains south to southern Wisconsin, Alberta and BC. In Alberta it has been collected along the southern edge of the boreal forest and in the foothills and mountains, although it undoubtedly also occurs throughout the northern half of the province." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-GeneralDescription 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Frigidaria is one of the more poorly marked of the grey-brown Scopula species in Alberta. They are small (1.8-2.6 cm wingspan) light grey-brown moths, heavily dusted with darker brown scales. Markings are more or less confined to narrow poorly defined antemedian, median and somewhat better defined postmedian lines. The postmedian line bulges slightly outward midway across the hindwings. Discal dots are absent or nearly obsolete. The collar and frons are partially clothed with white scales, a character that will separate it from similar S. inductata. Male and female genitalia are described and illustrated by McGuffin (1967)." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-Habitat 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mesic woodland, shrub edges and clearings." 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6104-LifeCycle 6104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood. 6/21/07 14:07 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-ConservationStatus 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "An uncommon (or uncommonly collected) species in Alberta, known from less than a dozen specimens." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-Cyclicity 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta specimens have been collected in late June and early July. 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-Distribution 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, occurring from southwestern Saskatchewan west to B.C., south to California and Arizona. It occurs in extreme southern Alberta, north to the Crowsnest Pass (Hillcrest), Lethbridge and the Cypress Hills." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-GeneralDescription 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively small broad-winged moth (wingspan (2.4–2.8 cm.), but one of the larger Alberta species of the genus Scopula. The wings and body are light tan, almost white, liberally sprinkled with darker yellow-brown or grey-brown scales, except for the collar, frons, palps and legs, which are darker rusty-brown. Both the fore and hind wings are crossed by faint narrow median and postmedian lines, and even fainter partial antemedian and subterminal lines, in particular on the forewings. All four wings have a small black discal dot. The relatively large size, indistinct markings and discal dots will help separate fuscata from other Alberta Scopula species. The male and female genitalia are described and illustrated by McGuffin (1967)." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-Habitat 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Montane, including foothills." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6105-LifeCycle 6105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very poorly known. There is a single annual brood, and adults are likely nocturnal and attracted to light." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-ConservationStatus 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "A fairly common widespread species, thus no concerns." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-Cyclicity 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Most Alberta records are from late June through the end of July, with scattered collections from early June to late September." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-Distribution 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transcontinental, from Newfoundland to the coast of BC, north to the Northwest Territories, south to Alabama and at least Utah. S. inductata has been collected throughout most of Alberta." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-GeneralDescription 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (17-24 mm wingspan) broad-winged grey-brown moth, usually with all 5 soft, waved lines crossing both wings, the median and postmedian most prominent. There is a small dark discal dot on each wing. The head and frons are entirely dark brown, without any of the white scaling found on the similar S. frigidaria. There is a large hairbrush on the mesothoracic tibia. The genitalia of both sexes are described and illustrated in McGuffin (1967)." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-Habitat 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Wooded and shrubby areas. 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-LifeCycle 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The eggs hatch in 4-6 days, there are 5 larval instars, and a pupal period of about 10 days. Hibernates as a late instar larvae or pupae (McGuffin, 1967)" 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6106-TrophicStrategy 6106 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Recorded larval hosts encompass a range of plants, including chickweed (probably aster, clover (Trifolium sp.), ragweeds (Ambrosia), sweet clover (Meliotus), and various Prunus sp. (Covell, 1984)" 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6110-Distribution 6110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, distributed throughout much of the Great Basin and Rocky Mountains, east to central Montana, western South Dakota, Colorado, New Mexico and west Texas, west to Nevada and eastern California. The only Canadian record is from Waterton Lakes National Park, where it was found in open Douglas fir grasslands on a south facing slope at about 1350 m elevation." 6/21/07 14:09 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6110-GeneralDescription 6110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx.3.5 cm wingspan) moth with clear light grey forewings and shining white hindwings. Forewing markings are highly variable, but often unmarked except for a thin black basal streak, thin black lines partially outlining the orbicular spot and filling the space between the orbicular and reniform, and some black streaking along the outer veins. Some specimens are much more extensively marked. Vocalis lacks the prominent rusty scaling characteristic of pallidicollis. Lafontaine states that females of the two species can by separated by the raised, sclerotized lip-like rim of the ostium bursa of vocalis. However I find this a less useful character than one would expect! A more useful character appears to be the size and shape of the bursa itself. In vocalis the small, clear round lower half of the bursa is well defined from the thick-walled upper half; in pallidicollis the lower chamber is larger and blends less perceptively into the upper half. Lafontaine (1998) illustrates the adults and genitalia of both sexes. There are a number of other moths, in particular several species of Xestia, which superficially look like vocalis." 6/21/07 14:09 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6110-Habitat 6110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open Douglas fir grasslands 6/21/07 14:09 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6110-LifeCycle 6110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Vocalis is single brooded and the adults will come to light. The larval host plant(s) are unknown, as are the larvae. The Alberta specimen was collected in mid-August." 6/21/07 14:09 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-ConservationStatus 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Often common where present, of no concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-Cyclicity 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mainly June and July. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-Distribution 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Northeastern United States, Manitoba and British Columbia (Heinrich (1956). Listed as Euzophera ochrifrontella for Area 10 (Edmonton) in Alberta by Bowman (1951)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-GeneralDescription 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small Pyralid with an arched costa and rounded ends to the forewings giving it a ""stubby”"" appearance. The wingspan ranges from 11-15 mm. The inner half and subterminal area of the forewings is reddish brown or copper colored. A conspicuous dark band occurs between the median and subterminal areas. The hind wing is smoky gray. This Phycitine moth was originally described as Ephestia ochrifrontella." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-Habitat 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Garden areas and woods in southern Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-LifeCycle 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31121-TrophicStrategy 31121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Pecan, oak and apple (Heinrich 1956). As pecans are not found in Alberta and oak trees are seldom planted in the province, apples and crabapples may be the main Alberta food plants. However, numerous collections have been made from areas where none of the known food plants occur. This suggests that saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia) may also serve as a food plant." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6188-Distribution 6188 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western moth, found from the mountains of southwestern Alberta south to at least CO and CA." 2/13/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6188-GeneralDescription 6188 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size (approx. 3.2 cm wingspan) moth. Forwewings powdery; poorly defined antemedian and postmedian lines, median band more prominent. Terminal area suffused with dark scales. Hindwings orange-buff with a grey median line, grey scaling in the basal area and a wide black terminal band followed by white fringe. Antennae simple; sexes alike. Most similar to O. regina, which is smaller, has paler and less banded forewings and brighter yellow hingwings lacking the grey scaling in the basal half." 2/13/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6188-Habitat 6188 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It occurs in dry open woodland in the mountains. 2/13/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6188-LifeCycle 6188 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Almost nothing is known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. Like other Oncocnemis, it is single brooded, with adults in late summer and fall. The Alberta specimens were collected from late August through late September. Nothing is known of the early stages or larval hostplants." 2/13/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6076-Distribution 6076 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern boreal species, reported from Nova Scotia to western Alberta. In Alberta sombrus has been found on the southern edge of the boreal forest at Edmonton (illustrated above) and in the mountains at Nordegg." 6/21/07 13:55 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6076-GeneralDescription 6076 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A very small (13-16 mm wingspan) dark brown to dull black moth with elongate, squared-off forewings. The forewings are dark brown to dull black-brown, fading in older specimens to chocolate-brown. There is a faintly darker narrow median band, with a few white scales marking the reniform and the postmedian area. Beyond this the wing darkens slightly to a narrow, subterminal band of pale scales. The hindwings are slightly paler sooty brown, darker toward the margin. Antennae simple. Sexes similar. The very similar H. fractilinea Sm. is smaller yet (11-14 mm wingspan) lighter grey-brown with a more contrasting pattern. Hypenodes sombrus is most likely to be mistaken for a microlepidopteran." 6/21/07 13:55 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6076-Habitat 6076 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Varies; bogs and cattail marshes, dry pine and other woodlands. (Ferguson, 1954a)" 6/21/07 13:55 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6076-LifeCycle 6076 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Almost nothing is known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There appears to be a single annual brood. Alberta specimens have been collected in the last half of July.\nApparently nothing is known about the larval host(s). 6/21/07 13:55 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6112-Distribution 6112 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia to Alberta, south to Massachusetts, Ohio and Iowa. In Alberta found throughout the grasslands region, north to Edgerton and west to Calgary. In Quebec inops is found associated with salt marshes, while in Ohio it is found in wetlands and wet prairie." 6/21/07 14:11 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6112-GeneralDescription 6112 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-small (2.5-3.0 cm wingspan) moth with rather smooth appearing grey-brown or grayish pink moth. The forewing markings consist of a thin dark partial antemedian line, a thin curving postmedian line, lightly scalloped at the veins, and an even pale subterminal line. The ground color shades slightly darker toward the outer margin and fringe. The most prominent marking is round or oblong dark spot formed by the lower half of the reniform spot. The hindwings are paler, with indistinct narrow median and postmedian lines and discal bar. Antennae simple and sexes similar. The illustrated specimens are from the Edgerton area." 6/21/07 14:11 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6112-Habitat 6112 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "grasslands region, salt marshes, wetlands and wet prairie" 6/21/07 14:11 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6112-LifeCycle 6112 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There appears to be a single annual brood in Alberta, with adults flying in August through early September. The larvae live as borers in the stems of the hostplant. The only reported larval hostplant is cordgrass (Spartina sp.)(Forbes, 1954). Alkali cordgrass (S. gracilis) is a possible Alberta host." 6/21/07 14:11 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-Cyclicity 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "The Alberta specimen was collected June 27, 2007." 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-Distribution 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Poorly known; apparently a Great Plains species found from extreme southeastern Alberta, southern Saskatchewan and Manitoba south to Nebraska and Oklahoma." 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-GeneralDescription 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively small (2.3-2.6 cm wingspan) moth with white wings with dark basal and terminal areas. The forewings are white with very dark red-brown basal area and a red-brown terminal area suffused with white scales. The median area has a broad brown band overlain with white scales creating a “ghost-like” appearance in some specimens. The orbicular is indicated by a small black dot and the reniform by a small black crescent. Hindwings white with the basal half light blackish brown, a broad terminal band of the same color followed by a white fringe and a prominent dark discal mark. Antennae simple and sexes similar. It bears a superficial resemblance to some of the small flower moths (Heliothinae)." 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-Habitat 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The Alberta specimen was collected in a small sand blowout on the rim of Lost River valley in the arid grasslands of extreme southeastern Alberta. 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-LifeCycle 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Almost nothing is known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6101-TrophicStrategy 6101 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Nothing is known of the early stages and larval hostplants. 6/21/07 14:06 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6358-Distribution 6358 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Acutipennis is common in southern BC and adjacent Washington. In Alberta it has been found only in dry open woodland in the mountains at Waterton Lakes National Park, in late August." 3/25/08 9:41 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6358-GeneralDescription 6358 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (30-32cm wingspan) mottled grey and brown moth. Forewings fairly dark brownish-grey, with a black basal streak, split near the end and lined on the upper side with rusty-orange scales. A short egg-shaped oval of white and light grey scales at base of costa, above streak. AM and PM lines doubled and filled with light grey and white scales, PM line obsolete on upper half. Oblong orbicular and kidney-shaped reniform outlined with black outside and white inside, orbicular and lower half of reniform filled with darker grey. Claviform a hollow black wedge; it and area around and between the upper spots suffused with dark red-brown and grey scales. Area beyond lower PM a diffuse light grey and white spot, with a patch of black scales with a white “pupil” distad. Fringe a double row of light grey-brown and dark grey scales, checkered with darker scales between the veins. Hindwings light grey-brown, paler near base, with a dark discal dot and dark scales lining the vein. Fringe white, divided by a thin dark line along the upper half of the wing. Male antennae slightly dentate, ciliate. Superficially similar to L. vicina, but darker overall and with the basal streak and white patch on base of costa shorter, thicker, and with male hingwings darker than in vicina. Male genitalia of a different type, lacking the prominent curved juxta and 3-pronged clasper of vicina." 3/25/08 9:41 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6358-Habitat 6358 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta it has been found only in dry open woodland in the mountains. 3/25/08 9:41 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6358-LifeCycle 6358 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Nothing is known, except that the adults are nocturnal and come to light." 3/25/08 9:41 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6359-Distribution 6359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in western USA, south to Arizona and California, north to southern BC and east to extreme southwestern Alberta. A single specimen collected in Waterton Lakes National Park in 2005 is the only Alberta record." 3/25/08 9:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6359-GeneralDescription 6359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 4-5 cm wingspan) lavender-pink or pink-grey moth with slightly falcate forewings. The thoracic collar is jet black. The forewings have few markings, confined to some darker brown shading near the costa where the antemedian, median and postmedian lines would meet it. The reniform spot may or may not have black markings. The hindwings are light yellow-brown, shading darker along the outer margin. Antennae simple. Sexes similar." 3/25/08 9:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6359-Habitat 6359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It frequents dry open woodland and meadows. 3/25/08 9:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6359-LifeCycle 6359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. L. victoria is single-brooded., and the adults come to light. The Alberta specimen was collected in early July. The larval host plant is apparently unknown, but many of the Eurasian species feed on Legumes, and victoria has been reared in captivity on lupine (Lupinus)." 3/25/08 9:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6359-TrophicStrategy 6359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Reared in captivity on lupine (Lupinus). 3/25/08 9:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-Cyclicity 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The three Alberta specimens were collected in mid June. 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-Distribution 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in eastern North America, west across southern Canada to southern BC. In Alberta inficita has been collected in the Milk, Oldman and South Saskatchewan River drainages." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-GeneralDescription 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively small (2.5-2.8 cm. wingspan) long-winged moth. The forewings are blue-grey with dark streaking and maroon near the base and apex. The antemedian and postmedian lines are partially marked by doubled narrow dark lines, and a small black dot marks the reniform. The hindwings are overlain with dark maroon, particularly on the outer half, and there is a diffuse discal patch and a blackish patch at the anal margin. The fringe on both wings is grey broken by dark patches, giving the wings an uneven, angular appearance. The wings are folded up and held perpendicular to the body when at rest, and at such times they are reminiscent of large, dark plume-moths (Pterophoridae)." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-Habitat 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat They occur in dry and shrubby grassland on valley slopes. 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-LifeCycle 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known, in Alberta apparently single-brooded and nocturnal. The three Alberta specimens were collected in mid June." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6360-TrophicStrategy 6360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No Alberta hostplant data; elsewhere reported to feed on Staghorn sumac (Rhus hirta) and Poison ivy (Rhus radicans). In Alberta the likely host is poison ivy or possibly skunkbush (Rhus trilobata). 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-Cyclicity 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults in late July and early August. 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-Distribution 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern species, found from NS west to central southern Alberta, south to ND and KY. In Alberta it has been collected in the Red Deer River valley at the Tolman Bridge Recreation Area, and in the dunes southeast of Wainwright." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-GeneralDescription 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (approx. 3.5 – 3.8 cm wingspan) with dark, almost black, red-brown forewings and lighter brown hindwings. Forewing markings consist of a light yellowish doubled curved antemedial line and a faint almost obsolete dark postmedian line. The area basad of the antemedial line is usually partially filled with light brown or yellowish scales. The small orbicular spot and larger reniform spot are only slightly lighter than the ground, and are preceded and separated by jet black in the cell. The subterminal line is indicated by a few pale scales, in particular where it approaches the lower margin. The most prominent marking is a pale yellowish or pale pink diffuse blotch on the costa just distad of the reniform spot, from which it gets its common name. Most similar to P. tenuicula, which it differs from in the curved antemedial line (straight in tenuicula) and by the pale yellowish or pinkish blotch on the costa just distad of the reniform spot (absent in tenuicula). Bicarnea is also noticeably larger and broader-winged than tenuicula." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-Habitat 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It frequents in open wooded areas, edges and meadows." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-LifeCycle 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood here, with adults in late July and early August. The larvae is described and illustrated in color in Lafontaine (1998)." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6196-TrophicStrategy 6196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval hosts are in part uncertain; Crumb (1956) listed a variety of plants in several families, including blueberry, Gray birch, dandelion and Spiraea. However, McCabe (1991) found the larvae would only feed on two species of grass (Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb. and G. canadaensis (Michx.) and rejected blueberry, Grey birch, raspberry, yarrow, nettle, dogbane and elder." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-Cyclicity 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "There is a single annual brood, with adults on the wing in July and early August, peaking in mid July." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-Distribution 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Primarily an eastern species, ranging west the eastern border of BC, north to the NWT and James Bay, south in the east to OH and MD, and in the west south in the mountains to CO. In Alberta collected mainly in the Aspen parklands, foothills and mountains." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-GeneralDescription 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (approx. 3.5 - 3.7 cm wingspan) with dull black forewings with a straight narrow pale yellow antemedian and curved postmedian lines. The small oblong orbicular spot and larger reniform spot are partially outlined with a fine line of light yellow scales. The cell before and between the two spots is jet black. Hindwings dirty white with a yellow tint, suffused with grey scales and with a dark discal mark and narrow black terminal line. Sexes similar, but male antennae setose, female simple. Smaller than P. bicarneaa and black, not dark brown, without the pale pink or yellow patches of scales in the basal area and on the costa beyond the reniform. Adults and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Lafontaine (1998)." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-Habitat 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found in open wooded areas, meadows and edges." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-LifeCycle 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larva is described by Lafontaine (1998), and is illustrated by McCabe (1991)." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6197-TrophicStrategy 6197 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The natural hostplants are unknown, but it has been reared in the laboratory on the grass Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb." 2/13/08 14:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-ConservationStatus 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status In Alberta it is known only from 3 or 4 specimens collected in the Lethbridge area. 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-Cyclicity 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta specimens were collected June 3-July 16. 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-Distribution 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A high plains and mountain species, widespread in the mountains of western North America, from southern Alberta west to BC, south at least to C0 and CA." 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-GeneralDescription 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) diurnal moth with dull greenish lavender to pale wine-brown, crossed by a central cream band widening at the upper end to encompass a large spot of the ground color. The terminal band is slightly paler grey or grey-green. The hindwings are jet black with a whie median band dived in two by the black discal mark. S. persimilis is similar, but is usually brighter maroon and has a pale spot in the basal area of the hindwing. The larva is illustrated in color by Hardwick (1996)." 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-Habitat 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It frequents open meadows. 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-LifeCycle 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults are diurnal and single brooded. The larval stages are described in detail by Hardwick (1996). 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6199-TrophicStrategy 6199 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval host plant is species of Lupin, including L. latifolius, L. nanus, L. sericeus and L. leucopsis. Like all Schinia they feed only of the flowering parts of the plant. Suetus will bore into the seed pod, plug the hole with silk, and devour the seeds and fleshy interior of the pod." 2/13/08 14:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6361-Distribution 6361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western Canadian species, known only from the type locality (Lillooet, BC) until it was found in Waterton National Park in 2006." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6361-GeneralDescription 6361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) moth with dark grey-brown forewings and lighter dirty white hindwings. The median area of the forewings, especially in the lower half, is black or nearly so. The basal area is slightly paler grey-brown, and the outer third is even lighter grey-brown, with some rusty-brown scaling. Both the orbicular and in particular the large reniform spot are visible. The hindwings darken distally and are usually lighter in males (the illustrated specimens are both females). Similar to N. subjuncta and in particular N. tonsa, both of which may occur in the same area. The genitalia must be examined for positive identification. Adults of all species of Neoligia, along with the genitalia of both sexes, are illustrated in Troubridge and Lafontaine, 2002)" 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6361-Habitat 6361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry open coniferous forest. At the type locality found in open Ponderosa pine forest, and at Waterton in open Douglas fir on a dry grassy southeast-facing slope at about 1400m elevation." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6361-LifeCycle 6361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There appears to be a single brood, which flies from mid July through late August. The Alberta specimens were collected August 14. Nothing is known of the larval host plants." 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6361-TrophicStrategy 6361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Nothing is known of the larval host plants. 3/25/08 9:43 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6362-Distribution 6362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in eastern North America, west across the southern boreal forest to eastern Alberta. In Alberta it has been collected at Moose Lake, just southwest of Cold Lake." 3/25/08 9:47 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6362-GeneralDescription 6362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A fairly small (wingspan approx. 2.5 cm) light violet-brown and rusty yellow moth with somewhat pointed angular wings. The forewings have a poorly defined antemedian line and more prominent dark thin postmedian line, bordered basally by a relatively wide yellow brown band. Beyond the postmedian line the wing is light violet brown with rusty yellow mottling in the upper half. The narrow dark terminal line is followed by light brown fringe. There are darker patches on the costa just before the apex and over the reniform. The reniform is poorly defined and surrounded by a large patch of rusty yellow. The hindwings are similar in color to the forewings, with the forewing bands and lines continuing across them. The hindwing median area is slightly paler than the remainder of the wing, and contains a prominent angular black spot. The palps are prominent. The antennae are beadlike with short bristles." 3/25/08 9:47 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6362-Habitat 6362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It frequents wooded areas on sandy or other well-drained soils with blueberry. 3/25/08 9:47 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6362-LifeCycle 6362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. There is a single annual brood and the adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larvae feed on blueberry (Vaccinium sp.). The single Alberta specimen was collected in late June. 3/25/08 9:47 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6362-TrophicStrategy 6362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae feed on blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) 3/25/08 9:47 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5793-Cyclicity 5793 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults' flight period is between spring and late summer. 1/30/06 8:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5793-Distribution 5793 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Transcontinental in Canada; eastern and western United States and Eurasia (Bright 1976). 1/30/06 8:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5793-GeneralDescription 5793 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are recognized by their smooth shiny elytral surface, the interspaces usually very minutely and irregularly punctured and raised subapical margin of elytra that gives them a broadly rounded appearance when viewed from above. Elytra are usually bicoloured with alternating patterns of five dark and four pale stripes. General appearance of adults colour is very dark brown to black. Females and males differ in size and sculpture. Length is 3mm – 3.5mm in females and 2.7mm – 3.2mm in males. Frons of females is convex with surface reticulated with sparse granules while in males they are concave with lateral margins ornamented by abundant hair. Anterior margin of pronotum is usually unarmed (without teeth) in both sexes but rounded in females and straight in males (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982)." 1/30/06 8:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5793-LifeCycle 5793 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults over winter in the forest diff or in bark crevices. In spring at temperatures >15°C, adults fly from diff in search of host material. Large broods of adults are attracted to sapwood of wind thrown, fire killed, withdrawn cut and dying trees, stumps and logging slush stored for a long time (at least 3months to <2years). Attack is usually on the shaded underside lying on the ground and exposed surfaces of logs floating on water of most coniferous species within range. Suitable wood is identified by the release of primary attractants perceived by the beetles. Usually it is the female that initiates colonization and causing the release of a species specific secondary attractant (aggregate) pheromone received by both sexes that increases the colonization rate and finally aggregates the beetles onto the host material. Mating takes place on the surface of the bark after which the females bore into the log to form galleries. They then inoculate galleries with ambrosia fungus on which they and their offspring (larvae) feed. Oviposition begins in spring in the first two weeks of gallery construction. Eggs are laid singly in cradles (niches) cut on both sides of the gallery. Larvae hatch in 10days and pupation occurs in a month's time. New adults emerge from the gallery cradles in two months. In mid to late summer (from July through September), the adults emerge from the host logs and fly to nearby forest margins in search for hibernation sites and over wintering for 7-11 months. There is only one generation per year but sometimes vigorous adults may re attack and deposit eggs for a second late season generation (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982; Dyer and Chapman, 1965)." 1/30/06 8:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5793-TrophicStrategy 5793 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Any species of conifer within its range, rarely from Alnus spp or Betula spp (Bright, 1976)." 1/30/06 8:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5794-Cyclicity 5794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Initial flight in spring (early April) till early May, then June to late summer." 1/30/06 9:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5794-Distribution 5794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From Alaska to New Brunswick south to California, New Mexico, and West Virginia (Wood, 1982)." 1/30/06 9:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5794-GeneralDescription 5794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are distinguished by their large size, smooth and shining surface of elytra with apical margin appearing subacuminate when viewed from above. Colour is uniformly black when mature but young adults have a pale yellowish brown colouration at the base of the pronotum to the apex of elytra. Length is 3.8 – 4.6 mm for females and 3.6 – 4.3 mm for males. Frons are convex with surface reticulated with sparse granules in females. In males they are concave with lateral margins ornamented by abundant hair. In females the anterior margin of pronotum is usually rounded, armed with four teeth, the median pair being larger while in males the margin is feebly recurved and unarmed (without teeth) (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982)." 1/30/06 9:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5794-LifeCycle 5794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Over wintered beetles appear and become active in early spring from May until early April. They are attracted to suppressed, dying, withdrawn or dead Aspen cut in the previous season, primarily Populus gradidentata and P. tremuloides. It is the female beetle that initiates tunneling. Boring into the sap wood is fast and completed in a day or two and mating takes place at the tunnel entrance. The male then joins in after mating and assists in removing the accumulated boring dust and frass out of the entrance hole. The female inoculates the tunnels with ambrosia fungus from her mycongia (fungal transmitting gland), (Abrahamson et al, 1967) and boring continues with construction of secondary lateral tunnels. Cradles are then constructed vertically along the lateral tunnels and a single egg is oviposited on each cradle surrounded by the boring material and some fungal cells. Several pairs of beetles use the same gallery with each pair occupying its own branch (Bright, 1976) but one pair for each gallery has also been reported (Brewer et al; 1988). The larvae hatches within a week after the eggs are laid and begin to enlarge the larval cradles until they are slightly bigger than the size of an adult beetle. After two larval instars pupation occurs after three to four weeks and the pupal stage lasts for a month after which the adults emerge. Emerging adults are light brown but colour darkens with age. New adults emerge form brood galleries from mid June to early July. In late summer or early fall, the new adults leave the host trees to over winter in forest litter (Leach et al, 1940; Bright, 1976; Brewer et al; 1988)." 1/30/06 9:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5794-TrophicStrategy 5794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Populus spp and Picea spp (Bright, 1976). The larvae gnaw and ingest wood fragments along with ambrosia fungus but only the fungus is completely digested while the wood fragments remain unchanged after egestion (Brewer et al; 1988)." 1/30/06 9:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-ConservationStatus 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-Cyclicity 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults collected during spring/summer months (May-September). 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-Distribution 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread throughout Canada, from southern B.C. north to Nunavut, across central Canada well as in Quebec. U.S. records include Alaska, Colorado, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania. Also found in Northern Europe (Vockeroth 1992)." 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-GeneralDescription 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Approximately 7 to 15 mm in length, black and yellow abdomen with a yellow face. Lateral margins of abdominal tergites narrowly, subtly but continuously yellow (see A on image; this can be very faint, especially on older specimens). Males: The upper half of frons dark gray and covered with a waxy, whitish powder (i.e. pruinose), with lower half of frons dark to light yellow. Hind femur is either entirely yellow, or the basal half is black and the rest is yellow. The wing membrane is entirely covered with tiny hairs (i.e. trichose). One or both of tergites 3 and 4 with either widely or narrowly separated yellow spots (see B on image). Females: Similar to male, but all femora entirely yellow, face yellow, frons similar to male but only lower one-third of frons bright yellow (Vockeroth 1992)." 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-Habitat 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mostly boreal regions, but some records from mixed forest (Vockeroth 1992)." 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-LifeCycle 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known, but probably multivoltine, although northern populations may be univoltine (Vockeroth 1992). The overwintering stage is unknown, but is probably the last larval instar, as is the case with several related species (Schneider 1969). Host choice of the aphidophagous larvae is probably mostly determined by the oviposition behaviour of the females, because the dispersal capabilities of most Syrphus larvae are relatively limited (Sadeghi and Gilbert 2000a,b). Females of a related species (S. corollae) were found to oviposit in response to the sole presence of aphid honeydew (Schneider 1969), although females may use both visual as well as olfactory signals for choosing an oviposition site. Females in this genus tend to choose large or growing colonies of aphids, to ensure a plentiful food source for their offspring (Sadeghi and Gilbert 2000a). Larvae are probably voracious predators, and parasitiods are unknown, although many parasitoids of other members of the genus Syrphus have been recorded, including (amongst many families) members of the Braconidae, Chalcididae, Proctotrupidae, Encyrtidae, and Ichneumonidae (particularly the subfamily Diplazontinae) (Schneider 1969)." 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5833-TrophicStrategy 5833 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Poorly known, but like all members of the genus Syrphus, larvae are aphidophagous and probably polyphagous, choosing aphid hosts on many species of shrub, herb, and tree (Vockeroth 1992). This is suggested by their broad distribution through several different habitats. Adults probably feed on pollen and nectar of flowers." 3/3/06 10:43 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-ConservationStatus 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status No information indicating any concern. 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-Cyclicity 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to September. Nests constructed in July or August (Medler 1958). 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-Distribution 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia and west to British Columbia, south to California, Utah, Colorado and Texas in the United States to North Mexico. (Krombein et al. 1970)." 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-GeneralDescription 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females: Body is15-20mm long, stout and completely black body. Soft downy hair (pubescence) is whitish and dense around antennae, sides of face, on top of head and on sides of thorax and thicker blackish hair on dorsal surface of the thorax. Large cheeks (width is twice the size of the eyes) to house muscles used for cutting leaves and mouth mandibles have 5 tooth projections (Mitchell 1962). Deep indentation on each side of the middle bulge of the clypeus (front of head below the antennae and frons and attached to the labrum mouthpart) (Medler & Lussenhop 1968). Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent) with brownish veins. Pollen collecting “scopa” on the ventral abdomen with dense hair and pale yellowish colour (Mitchell 1962).\nMales: Body is 11-15 mm long, stout and completely black body. Pubescence is very dense and elongated around antennae, lower part of face, lower cheeks, posterior and sides of thorax. Pubescence elongate but less dense on dorsal surface of thorax. Large cheeks (width is twice the size of the eyes) and mouth mandibles have 3 tooth projections. Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent) with brownish veins. Robust and dense setae (bristle like-hair) on the sterna number 5 (ventral abdomen segments) and very dense setae on both sides of the midline of sterna number 6 and spine-like and elongated in the midline. Transverse apical lobe on sterna 6. Genital armatures have robust gonocoxites that are constricted medially and long setae on inner face. (Mitchell 1962)." 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-Habitat 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Burrows into decaying poplar trees and constructs nest (Krombein et al. 1970, Medler 1958)." 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-LifeCycle 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Univoltine (one generation reaches maturity per year) (Fye 1965). Nests are constructed by the mother bee, using circular leaf pieces to create thimble-shaped cells, as well as using a combination of leaves, sawdust, moss, dirt, rotting wood and sand to construct protective plugs (Medler 1958). Once the nest is completed the orifice is covered using circular leaf pieces that are cemented together, sometimes incorporating sand and chewed leaves (Medler & Lussenhop 1968). The nests are smooth versus the rough appearance of M. relativa nests. Nests are similar to Mi>M. gemula except that the plug for M. gemula is comprised of leaf pieces (Fye 1965). This species is of little value in agricultural use for alfalfa pollination (Medler 1958)." 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5846-TrophicStrategy 5846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic (collects pollen from wide range of flowering plants). Pollen taken primarily from Compositae and Leguminosae flowers (Krombein et al. 1970) with flower records including Baptisia, Lathyrus, Rubus and Veronica (Mitchell 1962). Observations in Wisconsin show a preference for fireweed and thistles (Cirsium vulgare,C. altissimum, C. arvense) and infrequent use of alfalfa flowers (Medicago sativa) (Medler 1958)." 4/6/06 14:34 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-ConservationStatus 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Relatively rare and local in Alberta, which is at the northern edge of the range." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-Cyclicity 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Fresh adults have been collected in Alberta during the later half of August. 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-Distribution 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Saskatchewan west to southern British Columbia, south to northern New Mexico and Arizona and southern California. E. nevada has been collected very locally in southern Alberta, north to Dry Island Provincial Park." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-GeneralDescription 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized moth (3.5-3.8 cm wingspan) with dark streaky grey-brown and yellow-brown forewings and white hindwings. The head and thorax are dark brown, with a narrow black band on the prothoracic collar and a mix of black and white scales on the thorax and the margins of the tegulae. The forewings are streaked longitudinally, and lack the transverse lines. There is a black basal streak, and less distinct black scaling along the veins, especially on the lower half of the forewings. The area between the veins tends to be lighter yellow brown. The costa, cubital and anal veins are variably ""frosted"" with white scales. The reniform and small oval orbicular spots are indistinct, ringed with light yellow-brown scales and filled with darker grey-brown ones. There is a slightly darker brown wedge at the upper outer margin, a narrow dark terminal line, and the fringe is a mix of brown and white scales. The hindwings are white, with a few brown scales marking the discal dot, along the veins, and forming a narrow terminal line or band. The combination of dark streaky brown forewings with white frosting along the veins and white hindwings will separate E. nevada from other Alberta Euxoa.\n\nEuxoa nevada belongs to the subgenus Euxoa, characterized mainly by the shape of the vesica in males. Keys to the subgenera and species and illustrations of adults and the genitalia of both sexes are available in Lafontaine, 1987\n" 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-Habitat 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry open areas, badlands sage grasslands." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-LifeCycle 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single brood each year, with adults flying in late summer. The adults come to UV light. The early stages are unknown." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4269-TrophicStrategy 4269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No data. Related species tend to feed as generalists on a variety of low-growing plants. 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-ConservationStatus 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Little is known about the status of A. tricolorella in Alberta, but it is not likely to be of any conservation concern." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-Cyclicity 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "All specimens in the E. H. Strickland museum have been collected in July and August, but the moth may occur in June as well, probably dependent on the spring and early summer weather." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-Distribution 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in southern Canada and northern USA. All specimens in the E. H. Strickland museum have been collected in Edmonton, but the moth likely occurs southern and central part of the province." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-GeneralDescription 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A fairly small micro moth (wingspan > 25 mm), with a slender body and fairly broad wings. The forewings a triangular, narrow at base and broad at apex. The ground color of the forewing is gray dusted with white scales, with a conspicuous bi-colored brown and white basal cross-band, a small elongate discal spot, and a blackish and white apical zigzag band, the latter often with distal reddish-brown shading. The hind wings are broad and white with grayish margins." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-Habitat 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Not known in detail for Alberta, but the moth probably occurs in many kinds of parkland and open forest where suitable host plats are found." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-LifeCycle 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The moth over winters as small larva on the host plant. It pupates in early summer and emerges as adult in mid and late summer. In north-western USA the moth can sometimes be a pest in prune orchards. 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6405-TrophicStrategy 6405 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae generally feeds on buds and fruits of the genus Prunus (cherries and plums), but may feed on a variety of members of the rose-family such as Mountain Ash (Sorbus americana)." 5/2/08 8:06 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-ConservationStatus 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Nothing is known about the status of P. aeneoviridella in Alberta. 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-Cyclicity 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected between June 24 and August 11. 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-Distribution 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread the northern Rocky Mountain states of the USA. In Canada the species is apparently only known from Alberta, where it apparently has two distinct populations: one in the Rockies north to Lake Louise, and one in the dry south eastern part of the province." 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-GeneralDescription 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A fairly small to medium sized micro moth (18-25mm wingspan), with slender body, narrow and triangular forewings, and broad hind wings. Both wing pairs are shiny-bronze colored, with the forewings being darker than the hind wings." 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-Habitat 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Not known in detail for Alberta, but based on collection data the species seems to favor two distinctly different habitat types in the province. Half the specimens in the E. H. Strickland Museum have been collected in the dry, grassy habitats between Orion and Cypress Hills in the south western corner of the province, whereas the other half have been collected in sub alpine habitats in the Rockies." 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-LifeCycle 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Immature stages are unknown. 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6406-TrophicStrategy 6406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Host plants are unklnown. 5/2/08 8:11 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-ConservationStatus 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species has received attention for its potential in biological control (De Clercq 2000). 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-Cyclicity 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "This species is active between June and August, though they do overwinter as adults and can emerge mid-April (De Clercq 2000)." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-Distribution 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Populations are distributed across Canada, from British Columbia to Newfoundland (Maw et al. 2000), and as far south as New Mexico and Georgia. There are apparently records also in the tropics, in the Greater Antilles and Mexico (Henry and Froeshner 1988). The range in Alberta of specimens in the StricklandMuseum is between Lethbridge and Saint Paul, on a south-north gradient, and Saint Paul to Seba Beach, east to west." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-GeneralDescription 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is dark-brown in colour with subtle dull-yellow mottling. The pronotum has concave margins, as in P. maculiventris, but the lateral projections are much broader and less spiny. A ventral spine present on the 2nd sternite of the abdomen is pronounced but is not elongate. The wings have a distinct dark spot on their membranous region easily distinguishing this species from P. placidus. This species is of medium size in comparison to other Podisus species; length between 8 and 10 mm (Blatchley 1926: McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-Habitat 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Typically collected from low vegetation in woods, but also known from agricultural ecosystems (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-LifeCycle 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life history of this species is similar to that of P. maculiventris. The eggs of this species hatch after approximately one week at temperatures between 20° C and 25° C. First instar nymphs are gregarious and phytophagous, but with consecutive molts become more independent and predatorial (De Clercq 2000). Between 25 and 46 days after hatching, nymphs become mature adults (Blatchley 1926; De Clercq 2000). This species overwinters as adults and after emerging from hibernation begin mating immediately, often mating several times and with several partners. Both univoltine and bivoltine populations are known from eastern Canada and United States (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6425-TrophicStrategy 6425 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "As in P. maculiventris, this species feeds on a number of insects; see McPherson (1982) for a partial list of these species." 1/6/09 14:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-ConservationStatus 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-Cyclicity 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to mid August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-Distribution 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A North American species that ranges from Nova Scotia to western Ontario and south to Michigan, Wisconsin and Florida (Munroe 1972). Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951). Reported from Saskatchewan and the Lac La Biche area of Alberta by Pohl et al (2004). Collected in Alberta in the Winfield and Buffalo Lake areas by Bird." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-GeneralDescription 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium sized, moth with a wingspan of 18-22 mm. The males have white forewings with extensive dark brown (fuscous) areas while the females have forewings that are slate gray. The hindwings are white with a number of small dark patches, especially in the alar angle. The head and thorax are dark brown while the abdomen is dark brown with white stripes. Unlike any other Alberta moth. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1972). Formerly placed in the Pyralidae, subfamily Nymphulinae, but now considered to be in the Family Crambidae, Subfamily Acentropinae, Tribe Nymphulini." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-Habitat 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Near ponds and streams. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-LifeCycle 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Aquatic. Described in detail by Welch (1916) and Munroe (1972). The moths come to light. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30817-TrophicStrategy 30817 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed on waterlilies according to Munroe (1972), and Welch (1916 and 1924), however, the Alberta collections by Bird are from areas where waterlilies do not occur. It, therefore, appears, as the common name suggests, that other aquatic plants are also used as food sources." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-ConservationStatus 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, widespread and occasionally a pest." 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-Cyclicity 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults are active from late June to late July in Alberta, April to July elsewhere. (Chapman & Lienk 1971; Razowski 1977; Forbes 1923)" 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-Distribution 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Throughout Canada from the southern Northwest Territories and most of the US and into Central America. 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-GeneralDescription 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adult is highly variable in wing pattern. Most commonly it is heavily mottled with brown to orange. The darkest markings are normally in the basal patch, slanted median band, and postmedian blotch that can extend to the anal angle. Distinctive bright yellow to cream squares are often present on the costa between the darker bands. The hindwings are typically dark grey with a lighter fringe. Males have a costal fold that extends to or barely past the basal patch.\nThe larva is green with scattered pale warts and fine setae. The prothoracic shield is dirty green with variable amounts of black or dark brown laterally and the head is shiny dark or light brown. The larva can not be reliably separated from Choristoneura rosaceana and is closely similar to several other common tortricid species. (Chapman & Lienk 1971; Mackay 1962)" 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-Habitat 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Most habitats that have deciduous trees and shrubs. 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-LifeCycle 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The eggs are laid in oval batches of 20-100 eggs on the twigs or bark of the host tree. The first instar larvae often spin strands of silk and under ideal wind conditions can disperse to other areas. Larvae construct leaf-rolls where they emerge from to feed and when disturbed the larvae either retreat or suspend down on a line of silk. Populations are highly cyclical and can this species can become a pest in orchards. (Chapman & Lienk 1971; Razowski 1977; Kruse & Sperling 2001) 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6230-TrophicStrategy 6230 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed on the foliage and fruit of a wide variety of deciduous trees and shrubs and occasionally forbs. It can be a serious pest in apple, pear, cherry, plum, peach, apricot, and citrus orchards. (Chapman & Lienk 1971; Kruse & Sperling 2001; Razowski 1977; Freeman 1958; Forbes 1923)" 2/14/08 8:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-ConservationStatus 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Populations rarely reach outbreak levels in North America, but are commonly found (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-Cyclicity 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Peak periods of activity occur between April and June (Campbell et al. 1989). 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-Distribution 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species has been reported from a number of sites across Canada, in all provinces and territories, both in northern and southern regions (Campbell et al. 1989, Bright and Bouchard 2008). It also occurs in Alaska, most of the United States, Europe and Asia (Bright and Bouchard 2008)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-GeneralDescription 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Body length varies from 2.9 to 4.0 mm, excluding head. Integument is generally black with an occasional reddish tinge; tarsi, tibia, femora, and antennae are reddish. The rostrum surface is flat but may be weakly covex on the upper two thirds. The lower third of the rostrum may be weakly concave and the medial carnia is absent. Eyes are strongly covex and protuberant. The length of the pronotum equals the width. The pronotum is widest at the middle, the sides are weakly arcuate and the anterior constriction line is weakly evident. The pronotal surface is covered with deep and close punctures that possess forward pointing, slightly erect scales, giving the surface a shiny appearance. The prosternal groove is approximately equidistant from the fore-coxae and the anterior of the prosternum. Elytral sides are subparallel on the basal half, and the remainder is broadly rounded. Strial punctures are small, weakly impressed and each possesses a small recumbent seta. The vestiture is variable, but generally consists of dense, small, recumbent interstrial scales, that are white or brown. Females are similar to males, but the elytra are more inflated, lateral margins of elytra are more arcuate, the body is larger, and females have a more diffuse colour pattern. Adults are most easily recognized by: a) strongly convex eyes; b) narrow pronotum; c) small body size compared to other Sitona species; and d) median row of narrow and erect scales, coloured white in each elytral interstriae. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)" 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-Habitat 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Agricultural systems where clover, alfalfa, vetch and sweet clover are found (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-LifeCycle 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Sitona lineellus is a univoltine species, undergoing one generation per year, and the adults are long lived, with the life span reaching up to eleven months, approximately five months of which are spent in overwintering habitats (Campbell et al. 1989). Adults overwinter on the soil beneath thick layers of organic debris (Loan 1963) and become active as early as mid-April (Campbell et al. 1989). Overwintered adults are wingless; hence, migration in the spring is achieved via walking to find hosts in adjacent fields (Campbell et al. 1989, Anderson 1997). Once emerged in the spring, mating and feeding begin. Newly emerged adults are sexually mature by autumn of the previous year and mating does occur before the overwintering months, however, very few females oviposit in the autumn (Campbell et al. 1989). Once mated in the spring, eggs are scattered over the soil surface between April and June (Loan 1963, Anderson 1997). A single female will oviposit between 110 and 180 eggs, laying an average of eight to 12 eggs per day (Campbell et al. 1989). The time required for incubation varies with temperature and moisture levels. Four larval instars occur in the soil; the early instars feed within root nodules and the late instars are more mobile in the soil and consume both roots and root nodules (Loan 1963). Pupae may be found in the soil as early as late June, and new generation adults may be found as early as the first week of July (Loan 1963). The period between oviposition and new generation emergence is about nine weeks (Loan 1963). Feeding by the new generation begins immediately after emergence, but is not believed to continue as long as the late season feeding of other Sitona species (Loan 1963)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31244-TrophicStrategy 31244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larval feeding occurs within the root nodules of Vicia cracca L. (vetch) and Medicago sativa (alfalfa) (Loan 1963). Adults consume vetch and alfalfa foliage, as well as the foliage of red clover, alsike clover, peas, sweet clover, pea flower (Caragana arborescens) and garden flowers including tulips and delphinium." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-ConservationStatus 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-Cyclicity 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from June to September, with most specimens being collected in July and August. Specimens attracted to light." 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-Distribution 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout North America, becoming scarcer in the east due to the diminishing presence of its host plant (Idis and Grafius 2001). In Canada it occurs in most provinces, being most frequently collected in B.C. (Scudder and Cannings 2007) and Alberta (Bowman 1951). It is not known from Ontario, but Profant (1991) collected it in Michigan." 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-GeneralDescription 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Head cream-coloured, antennae banded with brown on each segment, labial palpi porrect, dorsally cream, ventrally brown. Thorax of a cream colour, tegulae and metathorax yellowish-brown. Forewings strongly hooked, a characteristic shared by many species in the genus Ypsolopha. Dorsal surface of forewings brown, with pale yellow scales on the basal one third of the wing, extending lengthwise and proximally, near the thoracic junction. Hindwings uniformly light grey, somewhat translucent proximally and basally. Ventral wing surfaces uniformly light grey. Legs and abdomen light grey. This species can be distinguished from the similarly looking Ypsolopha canariella by its mostly brown forewings, whereas canariella has mostly yellow forewings, with brown scales restricted to a triangular area in the middle of forewing. Ypsolopha dentella, another similar species, has a whitish band on the basal one third of the forewings, which does not extend to the lateral wing margin. There is also a well-defined, whitish ""spine"" pointing upwards and away from the wing base." 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-Habitat 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, from mixed wood forests to semi-arid scrubland, prairies and badlands." 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-LifeCycle 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Pupation probably takes place in silken cocoons characteristic of the genus Ypsolopha. Canadian forest insect surveys found the adults in association with poplars and willows. 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6414-TrophicStrategy 6414 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown. One specimen in the Northern Forestry Centre (Edmonton, AB) was reared on Pinus banksiana." 1/6/09 8:16 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-ConservationStatus 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. A widespread native species of no economic importance. 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-Cyclicity 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from June to August, with most specimens being collected in July. The species is nocturnal and are attracted to light." 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-Distribution 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A moderately common species occurring throughout North America. In Canada it is known from B.C. (Scudder and Cannings 2007), Alberta (Bowman 1951) and Saskatchewan. It has also been collected from most continental U.S." 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-GeneralDescription 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are of a uniform, drab colour. Head and antennae light grey, labial palpi porrect, heavily scaled, light grey. Thorax light grey, metathorax with some brownish scales. Some brownish scales also sprinkled on tegulae. Legs light grey. Uncharacteristically for the genus, forewings do not end with pointed apices. Dorsal surface of forewings light grey sprinkled with various small, faint brownish spots. Two large dark brown spots present in the basal portion of the internal margin and another smaller one present in the apical region. Hindwings are of a uniform light grey with the apices a little darker than the rest of the wing. Hingwing fringes long. Ventral wing surfaces and abdomen light grey. In Alberta this species can be confused with a pale morph of Ypsolopha flavistrigella, however the latter differs from Y. dorsimaculella by the absence of dark spots in the basal region of forewing. It can also be confused with Y. senex, however it lacks the dirty brown forewings as well as the whitish, oblique line in the discal region." 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-Habitat 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mixed wood forests, riparian areas and possibly scrubland." 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-LifeCycle 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Pupation probably takes place in a silken cocoon characteristic of ypsolophids. 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6415-TrophicStrategy 6415 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 1/6/09 8:25 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-ConservationStatus 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern. This native species can become locally abundant, but never in big enough numbers to cause any observable damage to host plant." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-Cyclicity 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from June to beginning of October, reaching their peak flight in July. Specimens are generally attracted to light." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-Distribution 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A widespread species occurring throughout much of North America, including BC (Scudder & Cannings 2007), Alberta (Bowman 1951), Manitoba (Hargrave Lake, forest insect survey), Saskatchewan (Indian Head, forest insect survey), Michigan (Nielsen 1998) and Maryland (Line, L., web reference)." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-GeneralDescription 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Head and antennae silvery grey, labial palpi porrect, heavily scaled, silvery grey. Thorax and legs silvery grey. Forewings hooked, typical of the genus. Dorsal surface of forewings silvery grey with slight brownish pigmentation. A large golden area is present anteriorly, but does not reach the apex. Some specimens have darker forewings with two faint, thick oblique bands extending from the anterior to the posterior wing margin. Hindwings are grey to light brown, becoming somewhat translucent basally. Ventral wing surfaces, legs and abdomen silvery grey. This is a very distinctive species that cannot be easily confused with the other Alberta species." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-Habitat 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, from mixed wood forests, to riparian habitats and semi-arid scrubland." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-LifeCycle 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown. Pupation takes place in elongated silken cocoons. Adults of this species are among the earliest fliers, even before the snow has melted, having been captured as early as the end of April (pers. obs.)." 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6416-TrophicStrategy 6416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana). 1/6/09 8:29 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-ConservationStatus 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Insufficient data for assessment of the conservation status. This species was recently discovered in Canada. 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-Cyclicity 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly from May to beginning of October. Specimens sometimes attracted to light. 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-Distribution 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A localized species occurring in southern U.S. It was recently discovered in Canada in Alberta in Olds, Mountain View county. In U.S. it is found in Texas (Greg Pohl, pers. comm.), California (Invermere Ridge (Powell 2004)), Utah and Colorado (Rocky Mountains National Park)." 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-GeneralDescription 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Head and antennae brown, labial palpi porrect, brown. Thorax dark brown to black, metathorax brown. Legs dark brown. Forewings are reminiscent of ethmiids. Dorsal surface of forewings in two tones, anterior half a mix of dark brown and black scales, while the posterior half is silvery grey with the basal part of the internal margin becoming dark grey. The two regions are separated apically by a curved, thick black line. Some specimens are of a uniform grey with very faint to no markings al all. Hindwings are grey, with apices becoming dark brown. Ventral wing surfaces, legs and abdomen dark grey to black. In Alberta this species can be confused with Ypsolopha senex, however the latter differs from Y. flavistrigella by having a specked brownish forewing with whitish oblique line present in discal area of the forewings." 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-Habitat 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, wherever its host plant occurs." 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-LifeCycle 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown. Adults are excellent dispersers, being capable of colonizing severely disturbed areas soon after the disturbance has occured (Powell 2004)." 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6417-TrophicStrategy 6417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Willow leaves (Salix spp.) (Ives & Wong 1988). 1/6/09 8:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-ConservationStatus 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern. A widespread native species of no economic importance, occupying a great variety of habitats." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-Cyclicity 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from June to September, with most specimens being collected in July and August. Specimens attracted to light." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-Distribution 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A very common species occurring throughout North America. In Canada it occurs in most provinces, from B.C. (Scudder and Cannings 2007) and Alberta (Bowman 1951) to Manitoba (Ives & Wong 1988). Since willows are widespread in North America including the Canadian subarctic (Begin & Payette 1991) it is very likely Y. senex has a much larger distribution than currently known. This species is present in most of the continental U.S." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-GeneralDescription 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are of a uniform, drab colour. Head brownish, antennae brown, labial palpi porrect, heavily scaled, brown. Thorax brownish, metathorax with some rusty-coloured scales. Forewings with pointed apices. Dorsal surface of forewings dirty brown with various pale markings and spots. Discal region with an oblique, cream-coloured line that is slightly curved. Hindwings are of a uniform light grey. Ventral wing surfaces, legs and abdomen light grey. It can be distinguished from other microlepidoptera by its slightly hooked forewings, broad hindwings and porrect labial palpi. In Alberta this species can be confused with a pale morph of Ypsolopha flavistrigella, however the latter differs from Y. senex by a uniform grey colouring of forewings and absence of the whitish oblique line in the discal region. It can also be confused with Y. dorsimaculella, however dorsimaculella has two well-defined dark-brown spots on the internal margin of forewings, no hooked forewings and no whitish, oblique marking in the discal region of forewings." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-Habitat 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, from riparian ecosystems to mixed wood forest and alpine tundra, wherever its host plant occurs." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-LifeCycle 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larva uniformly green with no distinct markings, head capsule green. Feeding occurs in a loose web. Like for most North American Ypsolopha species, the life cycle is not well understood, but it most likely has one generation per year (Ives & Wong, 1988). Pupation takes place in silken cocoons of a tubular shape." 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6418-TrophicStrategy 6418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Willow leaves (Salix spp.) (Ives & Wong 1988). 1/6/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-ConservationStatus 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Blatchley (1926) reports that it is rare at all of its recorded localities. 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-Cyclicity 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Strickland Museum collections date from May to August; Blatchley (1926) reported collections into October. 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-Distribution 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Collections have been recorded across Canada, from British Columbia to Newfoundland, excluding Prince Edward Island (Maw et al. 2000), and south as far as the southern limits of the United States along the Pacific coastline. In the east, its southerly distribution ends in New Jersey (Henry and Froeschner 1988). In Alberta, specimens have been collected between the northern and southern limits of Edmonton and Cypress Hills Provincial Park, respectively." 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-GeneralDescription 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The species is fairly oval shaped with a brightly coloured cuticle, though coloring is apparently highly variable. The pronotum is prominently red coloured posteriorly, pale-yellow anteriorly, and has a wide, transverse black bar antero-medially. The presence of this bar distinguishes this species from the morphologically similar P. bioculatus. Perillus exaptus can also be isolated from P. bioculatus due to the presence of ventral tubercles that are not longer than their width on the fore-femora. The scutellum is mostly black with narrow, yellow lateral bands that follow its margin apically. The hemelytra are black with lateral margins, embolium, also pale yellow, and the membranous regions lacking pigmentation. Connexivum are concealed under the wings. The species is small in comparison to P. bioculatus; length between 5 and 7.5 mm (Blatchley 1926; McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-Habitat 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This species is known from grassy marshlands, flatlands and under stones (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-LifeCycle 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Life history is unknown. 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6419-TrophicStrategy 6419 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The dietary information for this species is unknown. Despite the fact that it is a predatory insect, no prey species have been recorded (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 9:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6168-Distribution 6168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North America; SK west to AK, Yukon & BC, south in the mountains in the western United States to MT and CA." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6168-GeneralDescription 6168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "One of the larger Eulithis (wingspan approx. 3.2-3.7 cm.). Forewing ground white to creamy yellow, light areas in subterminal area crossed by two scalloped pale yellow-grey or tan bands. The basal area and a broad median band dark red-brown to almost black. Outer margin of median band scalloped with smooth, clean edge. Prominent black wedge below white apical dash, and two-three small black teeth above base of dash. Hindwings light yellowish-grey, outer third crossed by a series of scalloped white lines. Male antennae narrowly bipectinate. Worn specimens in particular can be difficult to separate from Eustroma semiatrata, unless the ventral surface is examined. The forewing apical dash and the dark wedge below it are repeated on the ventral surface in xylina, whereas the ventral forewing of E. semiatrata is dark and lacks any trace of a dash or wedge. See also E. destinata, E. flavibrunneata, and E. testata." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6168-Habitat 6168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Occurs in mesic deciduous and mixedwood woodlands. 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6168-LifeCycle 6168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood in Alberta, with adults from late June through late August, peaking in late July. Reported larval hosts encompass a wide range of deciduous trees and shrubs, including Alder, Rose, Serviceberry, Cinquefoil, Snowberry, Ribes (Choi, 2001) ocean spray, red-osier dogwood, ninebark and azalea (Miller & Hammond, 2003). The larvae is described and illustrated in color by Miller & Hammond, op. cit." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6065-Distribution 6065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western PQ and western ON south to NC, west to NM, AZ, CO and se Alberta." 6/21/07 13:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6065-GeneralDescription 6065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description A very small (1.4-1.9 cm wingspan) broad winged grey and reddish brown moth. The forewings are dark brownish grey except for the reddish brown costa and poorly defined wide postmedian band. Hind wings slightly paler brownish grey. Second segment of abdomen with darker transverse band. Sexes similar. The small size and reddish brown postmedian area will separate coloradensis from all other Alberta Eupithecia. Leptostales ferruminaria is similar in size but is much brighter rufous-red and has more angular forewings. 6/21/07 13:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6065-Habitat 6065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The sole Alberta specimen is from the floodplain of the lower Red Deer River in the Grasslands region, north of Bindloss. The specimen was collected in a shrubby area on the riverbank." 6/21/07 13:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6065-LifeCycle 6065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very poorly known. The Alberta specimen was collected at light. The larval stages and host plants are apparently unknown. The Alberta specimen was collected on July 27, 2004." 6/21/07 13:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6171-Distribution 6171 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found from extreme western AB west to Vancouver Island, north to northern BC and south to Texas. In Alberta known only from Waterton Lakes National Park (Bolte, 1990)." 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6171-GeneralDescription 6171 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.7-2.1 cm wingspan) broad winged dark yellow-brown and grey moth. Specimens of most Eupithecia species, including maestosa, are best identified by examining the genitalia (illustrated below). The absence of a white spot in the tornal area of the forewing will separate it from the very similar Eupithecia columbiata." 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6171-Habitat 6171 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Frequents wooded and shrubby areas. 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6171-LifeCycle 6171 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larvae have been described by McGuffin (1958). The larval host or hosts are unknown. 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6172-Distribution 6172 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Eastern NFLD to western BC, and from AK to AZ." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6172-GeneralDescription 6172 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.7-2.3 cm wingspan) grey and yellow or orange-brown suffused moth without prominent markings. The yellow-brown or orange-brown color, the lack of prominent discal spots or bands and the elongate wings should are illustrated in Bolte (1990)." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6172-Habitat 6172 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It has been collected in all regions of Alberta, from the arid grasslands to the northern Boreal forest and the Rocky Mountains." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6172-LifeCycle 6172 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal but have also been collected during the day. There is a single brood in Alberta, with adults from mid May to mid July, peaking in late May and early June. Larval hosts include the flowers of Achillea and Castilleja, and the foliage of Salix, Rosa, Potentilla fruticosa and Ribes (McGuffin, 1958)." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6173-Distribution 6173 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Extreme southwestern Alberta west to Vancouver Island, north to northern coastal BC and south to New Mexico. The only Alberta record is a single specimen collected in Waterton Lakes National Park. The Type Locality is New Mexico." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6173-GeneralDescription 6173 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.7-1.9 cm wingspan) broad-winged yellow-brown and white moth. The forewings are pale cream with numerous wavy incomplete parallel cross lines of darker yellow-brown and light grey. Light postmedian band prominent where bending inward sharply before joining costa as large light patch. Prominent dark discal bars, Fringe checked white and light brown. Hindwings white or cream with yellow-brown marking on lower half, and with prominent dark discal bars. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Bolte, 1990. The light yellow-brown color and prominent discal bars on four wings will help separate niveifascia from most other western Alberta Eupithecia, although the genitalia should be examined for positive identification, in particular when specimens are worn." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6173-LifeCycle 6173 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Adults are likely active both at dusk and after dark. There is probably a single brood in Alberta. In adjacent BC adults fly from late May to mid July; the Alberta specimen was collected on July 11, 2005. The larva and host plant are unknown." 2/13/08 14:39 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6175-Distribution 6175 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "G. rossii has an Holarctic arctic-alpine distribution. In North America it occurs south in the east to ME and NH, west across the arctic and subarctic to Alaska and south in the Rocky Mountains to CO. Although it has never been collected in the Rocky Mountains in Alberta, a single larvae (which later produced a female moth) was found in the subarctic-boreal forest at Horseshoe Lake in the Caribou Mountains by Doug Macaulay." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6175-GeneralDescription 6175 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (approx. 3 cm wingspan; females larger than males). Forrwings grey with few markings, consisting of a darker antemedian and erratic postmedian line, usually poorly marked. The reniform is usually indicated by a dark dot or bar bordered by pale scales. Hindwings pale orange-buff with a wide black border, and with the buff largely suffused with grey in many specimens. Body densly wooly-hairy, dark grey. Male antennae plumose; female simple. The illustrated specimen (from the Caribou Mnts of Alberta) is freshly emerged and unusually well marked." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6175-Habitat 6175 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It occurs in open alpine and open boggy areas. 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6175-LifeCycle 6175 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Reported larval hosts included species of Saxifrage and willow; possibly also Potentilla (Handfield, 1999). Willow buds are favored at some arctic sites. The Alberta larva was collected on Rubus acaulis and was reared in the lab on R. idaeus. The larvae may take multiple years to complete development, and females can produce fertile eggs without mating. The larvae are covered in dense soft grey hairs, and the cocoon is a grey oval with the larval hair incorporated into it. Adults are active during the day." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6176-Distribution 6176 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Northern New York and southern Ontario west to southern Saskatchewan and Alberta south to southern Idaho and northeastern Nevada. The only Alberta definite Alberta record is a specimen in the CNC labeled, “Dunes, Alberta”, collected in 1928 by G.F. Manson." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6176-GeneralDescription 6176 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (3.1-3.6 cm wingspan) with yellow-tan or fawn forewings and yellow hindwings. The forewings have a large but poorly defined reniform spot usually biordered with dark dots and a curved but incomplete poorly defined and sometimes almost obsolescent median band. The hindwings are pale to bright yellow or yellow-orange, with a large black curved discal mark and a black terminal band containing an oblong yellow spot midway. Very similar to Heliothis phloxiphaga which has forewings with a larger and more prominently marked reniform spot, a darker and more prominent median band sharply angled at the reniform, and white hindwings. There are differences in the genitalia of both sexes of the two species as well." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6176-Habitat 6176 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in wooded edges and meadows. 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6176-LifeCycle 6176 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Almost nothing is known of the life history of acesias. According to Handfield (1999), the larvae of Heliothis acesias are believed to feed on aster and probably other herbaceous plants." 2/13/08 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6177-Distribution 6177 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread throughout much of temperate North America. In Alberta it has been collected mainly in the parklands and montane areas, less commonly in wooded riparian areas in the grasslands and in the northern boreal forest." 2/13/08 14:43 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6177-GeneralDescription 6177 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "One can do no better than quoting Lynn Scott's description of this otherwise rather drab creature: “Both the forewings and the hindwings of Horisme intestinata are largely covered with fine, gray-brown, parallel, crosswise lines, which are aligned at rest so that the moth somewhat resembles a smear of something on my brick wall. The ground color of the wings is a pale yellowish brown or tan, slightly darker towards the outer margins. The upper third of the forewing is less striped, with a plain area around the small discal dot. The deep scallops of the postmedial line are quite evident when one takes a close look, but on a quick glance, the wing simply appears streaky. In the subterminal area, there is a whitish scalloped line on both forewing and hindwing. The darkest markings are the ends of a dark lines at the inner margins of the forewings, which are aligned with a dark line across the base of the abdomen to form a darker mark across the middle of the moth at rest” (Lynn Scott, 2001-2007). Wingspan approx. 2.5-3.2 cm. The related H. incana Swett is a more two-toned light and dark brown and has a sharply defined contrasting yellow-brown stripe along the costa." 2/13/08 14:43 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6177-Habitat 6177 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Frequents wooded areas. 2/13/08 14:43 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6177-LifeCycle 6177 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The main flight if from late May through late July, peaking in late June. A small second brood appears in early September through early October. The larva is undescribed and the larval hosts are unknown. Larvae of European species feed on Clematis." 2/13/08 14:43 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-Cyclicity 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults first appear late June and early July depending on weather and elevation. They are found well in to August. 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-Distribution 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alberta to North Dakota, South to Arizona and Texas.\nIn Alberta, collected from Lethbridge, Drumheller and Milk River area." 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-GeneralDescription 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "10-20mm in length. Light brown in colour (as opposed to red or grey). Stout thorax with long, tapered abdomen. Covered with many fine bristles (including metapleuron). Antenna short (1 mm). On the wings, the first posterior cell is narrow at the tip or sometimes closed with a stalk; fourth posterior cell is always closed with stalk; abdomen greenish grey pollinose; first antennal segment brownish orange." 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-Habitat 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry grasslands, sandy areas, shrub steppe, and a variety of prairie grasslands. Prefers elevations of 1280-2438 m." 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-LifeCycle 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "One of the rare Asilidae species that hunts from its resting place on the ground. It specifically targets grasshoppers, but will only attack them if the prey is moving. The Stenopogon then insert its proboscis into the prey and injects a toxic chemical, paralyzing the prey. The robber fly then sucks out the insides of its meal with little struggle." 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5985-TrophicStrategy 5985 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Predatory on other insects. 1/9/07 8:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-ConservationStatus 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "This is perhaps the most common and widespread of the large robber flies in the dry forests and grasslands of southern B.C. Distribution may change as climate change increases grassland-steppe vegetation representation, however human disturbances have caused the destruction of much grassland habitats as well. Studies of overgrazed areas have revealed dense and healthy populations of Stenopogon inquinatus, suggesting it does not affect these asilids. (Cannings 1994)" 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-Cyclicity 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been observed from early June to early September (Cannings 1989). 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-Distribution 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Ranges from northeastern B.C. south to California and east to Manitoba and New Mexico. Common and widespread. 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-GeneralDescription 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Large (between 15 and 30 mm), heavy bodied, reddish species. There are two forms, one brown, and one more black. The brown form has a grayish yellow pollinose front and vertex. There is a very large gibbosity on the head (a hump). The antennae are either brown black or red black, and the mouthparts are full black. The thoracic colour is black, however it is covered with reddish brown humeri so it appear more brown. There are bristles present on botht the pronotum and episternum, but the metapleuron is bare. The legs are black on the coxae and dorsal sides of the femora, but have a reddish tinge elsewhere. Wings have an open posterior cell, and the anterior crossvein ends either at the middle or slightly before the discal cell. The abdomen is reddish brown on the middle, with black sides and venter. The pile is long on the first two segments, but is shorter on the following abdominal segments. The male genitalia is orange brown with black haris, and the female has lateral pits in the end of the eighth abdominal segment and black spines. The only difference between the brown form and the black form is the colour. The black form has black legs with reddish brown apices and black spines. In both sexes the eight abdominal segment is reddish brown with a black band around it. An intermediate form does exist, with black abdominal sides but a reddish brown narrow back. D. Macaulay image" 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-Habitat 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry forests, grasslands (sagebrush steppe in B.C.), gravelly river banks and sandpits. In Colorado it was found in wheat grasslands." 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5986-TrophicStrategy 5986 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Uses long raptorial legs to hunt other insects. Has been seen feeding on grasshoppers, dragonflies, and other robber flies." 1/9/07 8:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-ConservationStatus 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread species. May be effected by grassland destruction. 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-Cyclicity 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults collected were found in late July and early August. 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-Distribution 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern B.C. and Alberta, south to Idaho, California, Arizona and New Mexico." 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-GeneralDescription 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Large (15-25 mm), elongate, mainly grey species. Though both Stenopogon neglectus and Stenopogon coyote have hairs or bristles on metapleuron, they can be easily distinguished by differences in wing venation. In S. neglectus the wings have first and fourth posterior cells open. The male genitalia are also different: in S. neglectus, the superior forceps and the gonopods ban be reddish brown or black. The abdomen is blackish or less pollinose; and the first antennal segment is blackish. (Adisoemarto 1967)" 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-Habitat 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mainly pastures, wheat grass, long grass prairie and semi-arid short grass prairie." 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-LifeCycle 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Found on disturbed dirt areas. Likes to forage on bare ground. 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5987-TrophicStrategy 5987 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The only prey ever recorded is a male ant, Formica subpolita." 1/9/07 8:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5988-Cyclicity 5988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults found in June. 1/9/07 8:57 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5988-Distribution 5988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Southern Alberta to California and east to Colorado and Utah. 1/9/07 8:57 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5988-GeneralDescription 5988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "10-15mm in size. Short round thorax with elongated abdomen. No hairs on metapleuron. The abdominal dorsum is completely black , with black humeri. There is also a pile on the first three abdominal segments. It is visible as an evenly grayish species with yellow pile and yellow bristles. Adults of S. obscuriventrus have a hump on the back of their head (gibbosity) which almost reaches the antennal base. The antennae should be uniformly coloured with an orange brown style. On the prothorax, bristles are only on the pronotum. The legs are three quarters black, with a yellow end to the femora and brownish basally and apically black claws. The wings have brownish veins, and in the males a silvery white tinge to the auxillary cell. All posterior wing cells are open, and the anal wing cell is either closed or very narrow. The male genitalia and female ovipositor are both orange brown in colour with a variable number of bristles present. (Adisoemarto, 1967)" 1/9/07 8:57 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5988-Habitat 5988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Sandy dunes and grasslands 1/9/07 8:57 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5988-TrophicStrategy 5988 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Predatory on other insects. 1/9/07 8:57 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-ConservationStatus 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundance of this pest species is variable over time and space (Campbell et al. 1989). 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-Cyclicity 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Migration extends over a three week period begining in late April (Campbell et al. 1989). 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-Distribution 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "According to Bright and Bouchard (2008), the sweet clover weevil occurs in all Canadian provinces and territories, with the exception of Newfoundland and is expected to occur in all of the mainland States. The weevil occurs commonly in Europe and western Asia, and was likely introduced to North America from one of those continents (Campbell et al.1989, Bright and Bouchard 2008)." 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-GeneralDescription 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Body length ranges from 3.0 to 5.0 mm. Integument ranges from black to light brown, tibia, tarsi and antennae are generally reddish brown. Rostrum surface is flat, lower third slightly bisulcate. Median carnia is distinct, but weakly indicated, located between the apical concavities. Rostrum covered with recumbent and abundant brown and white scales, with intermixed brown setae that range from recumbent to slightly erect. Eyes are convex, described as moderately prominent. Pronotum is widest at the middle, evenly arcuate. Pronotal surface is smooth and shiny, with deeply impressed mid-sized and numerous punctures. Prosternal groove is intermediate between the fore-coxal cavities and the anterior of the prosternum. Elytra are broadly arcuate, strial punctures are small and weakly impressed. Each strial puncture bears a minute seta. Interstriae are 5 to 6 times wider than striae, are weakly convex, with finely punctured surfaces. Vestiture of elytra with many small, light brown to white scales that are recumbent and intermixed with numerous recumbent setae. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)\nAdult sweet clover weevils may be identified from their close relatives by the elytral vestiture. The elytral vestiture consists of recumbent scales that are very abundant and interspersed by short recumbent setae. There are no erect scales or setae on the elytra. In the spring, the sweet clover weevil may be mistaken for the pea leaf weevil; overwintered pea leaf weevils are often without scales on the elytra and pronotum. The two can be distinguished by the distance between the coxa and a groove on the ventral surface of the pronotum. The distance between these two structures is non-existent in the pea leaf weevil. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)." 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-Habitat 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Forage crops where sweet clover, alsike clover, and alfalfa are grown (Davidson and Lyon 1979)." 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-LifeCycle 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adult weevils that are sexually immature overwinter in the upper inch of soil, or on the soil surface beneath debris (Campbell et al. 1989). When temperatures rise in the spring, to mean temperatures of 15° C, emergence from overwintering habitats begins (Campbell et al. 1989). After emergence, weevils migrate from second-year clover fields to first year clover fields, via flight and walking. Migration, feeding and mating periods overlap, as mating begins after feeding begins and continues until weevils die (Davidson and Lyon 1979). Males are very aggressive in their search for mates (Herron 1953). Female weevils deposit eggs while feeding or at rest, with no active egg placement (Herron 1953, Campbell et al. 1989). Each female weevil produces between 1600 and 1800 eggs (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). Larvae consume root nodules of sweet clover, and pass through four instars before pupating in the soil (Herron 1953). In Ohio, larval development required 30 to 40 days, in Manitoba, development of the last two instars required 30 days (Herron 1953). Pupation in Ohio required 7 to 12 days (Herron 1953). New generation weevils begin emerging in mid summer, beginning in late June (Herron 1953). The timing of the life history of the weevil depends heavily on regional conditions, as the new generation does not emerge in Manitoba until late July (Herron 1953). Un-colonized seedlings are sought when the new generation emerges and are consumed (Campbell et al. 1989). Feeding activity continues until temperatures drop. Migration to new plants in summer and fall is achieved strictly via walking (Campbell et al. 1989). The sweet clover weevil is univoltine, completing one generation per year (Herron 1953, Hans 1961, Campbell et al.1989)." 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31240-TrophicStrategy 31240 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Sitona cylindricollis larvae feed primarily upon Melilotus species (sweet clover) (Herron 1953, Campbell et al.1989). Adult weevils will feed upon Trifolium hybridium L. (alsike clover), Medicago lupulina L. (black medic) and Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa) in the absence of sweet clover (Herron 1953)." 1/15/09 8:43 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-ConservationStatus 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. Localized outbreaks have occurred in Edmonton causing partial defoliation and extensive webbing on Manitoba Maple. 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-Cyclicity 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-Distribution 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From southern British Columbia to southern Quebec, south to California and Florida." 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-GeneralDescription 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is pale straw yellow with a pattern that varies from being almost absent to dominating the forewing. The markings are mostly light orange-brown, typically forming broad bands in the basal and median areas that slant towards the anal angle. The postmedian line is normally present as a square patch on the costa and variably continues towards the anal angle. Dark brown markings can be present in small patches in the outer middle part of the basal and median patches, rarely in other parts of the wing. The hindwing is immaculate white.\nThe larva is uniformly pale green, the head is also pale but has some blackish near the ocelli. (MacKay 1962)" 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-Habitat 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Most common in floodplains and river valleys where Manitoba Maple (Acer negundo) grows. 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-LifeCycle 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The larva is a leafroller. (MacKay 1962) 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6232-TrophicStrategy 6232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed upon Manitoba Maple (Acer negundo), nettle (Urtica spp.), and honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.). (Freeman 1958; Razowski 1977)" 2/14/08 8:47 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-ConservationStatus 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Blatchley (1926) indicated that only about dozen records were known prior to his publication. 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-Cyclicity 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "The seasonality of this species is unknown, though a single collecion from July exits in the Strickland Museum." 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-Distribution 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This is one of two species of asopine stink bugs that range up into the Canadian Northwest Territories (Maw et al. 2000). With this exception, in addition to records from Alberta and Nebraska, the known distribution is mainly centralized around the Great Lakes provinces and states (Henry and Froeschner 1988; Maw et al. 2000). Asinglle specimen of this speciesi in the Strickland Museum was collected from Mercoal, Alberta." 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-GeneralDescription 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species has a prominent dark brownish-black colour that is mottled with dull yellow. It is broadly oval in shape with an elongated face; juga longer than the clypeus and touching anteriorly. This characteristic allows for easy identification from other asopine bugs, with the exception of Apatetitcus bracteatus (Fitch), which also has elongated juga; however, in the latter the juga do not meet anterior of the clypeus. The pronotum has very broad projections on both sides. The fore-femora lack the ventral tubercle present in genus Perillus Stal. Connexivum are widely exposed and are mostly dark with pale spots along the margins on each abdominal segment. It is of medium size; length 9-11 mm (Blatchley 1926)." 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-Habitat 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The habitat is unknown. 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6421-LifeCycle 6421 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "According to McPherson (1982), nothing is known of this species' life history." 1/6/09 11:20 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-ConservationStatus 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The species has been considered a potential biological control insect (De Clercq 2000). 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-Cyclicity 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Nymphs can be found beginning in May, and adults as late as September (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-Distribution 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In North America, collections have been recorded from British Columbia to Prince Edward Island, Canada (Maw et al. 2000), and as far south as New Mexico, USA (Henry and Froeschner 1988). It is not known if this species is found outside of North America. Alberta collections in the Strickland Museum range from the province's south border, north to Hardisty, AB, but collections west of Rockyford, AB, do not exist." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-GeneralDescription 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Colour grayish to a pale-yellowish brown. The juga are slightly longer than clypeus, as in Rhacognathus americanus Stal but not touching anteriorly. The rostrum does not reach the hind coxa and its third segment is longer than both the second and fourth segments. The 5th antennal segment is longer than the 3rd isolating it from Apateticus cynicus, another N.A. species in this genus. The margins of the pronotum are equipped with narrow projections, as in the morphologically similar genus Podisus Herrich-Schaeffer. The lateral portions of the abdomen are widely exposed and not covered by the hemelytra. These exposed regions have a distinct black, double-dash along the margin of each abdominal segment. The female genitalia has 3 basal plates, but the centre plate is triangular in shape. Adults are fairly large in comparison to the morphologically similar genus Podisus; length 13-17 mm (Blatchley 1926)." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-Habitat 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This is an arboreal species (De Clercq 2000), collected from both woody and herbaceous plants (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-LifeCycle 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This species is univoltine, so only one generation is produced each season. This species overwinters in its egg stage (De Clercq 2000). These hatch in late spring, May-June, and mature into full adults by July. Adults will persist until September when mating occurs and eggs are deposited (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6422-TrophicStrategy 6422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Feed primarily on larvae of Chysomelidae, and a specialist on Trirhabda spp. in goldenrod stands and Galurucella spp. (De Clercq 2000), but will also feed on larvae of Lepidoptera." 1/6/09 11:32 11/6/14 10:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-ConservationStatus 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species has been implemented in several failed biological control attempts in Europe (De Clercq 2000). 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-Cyclicity 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults appear in mid-April and are abundant until late-August, but can be found as late as October (Evans 1983; Oetting and Yonke 1971)." 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-Distribution 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In North America, this species ranges from British Columbia to Quebec, Canada (Maw et al. 2000), and as far South as Arkansas, though these southerly records are generally restricted to eastern states (Henry and Froeschner 1988). It is not known whether it's distribution extends beyond North America. No specimens of this species have been collected in Alberta." 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-GeneralDescription 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is lighter in coloration in comparison to other Podisus species. The dull-yellow mottling of the cuticle is much more prominent. The shape is somewhat quadrangular with the posterior of the dorsum nearly triangular shaped. The pronotal margins are straight-sided with broad, rounded projections on either side. This characteristic sets it apart from other Podisus species, as well as Apateticus bracteatus since these species generally have concave pronotal margins. The connexivum are nearly concealed under the hemelytra and the portions that are exposed have black spots along the margins of each abdominal segment. This is a relatively small species with a length of 7.5 to 9 mm (Blatchley 1926)." 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-Habitat 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Evans (1983) reports this species in old-field habitats, as well as in both mixed and deciduous forests." 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-LifeCycle 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle There appears to be some discrepancy concerning the number of generations that occur in a season. McPherson (1982) indicates that the occurrence of both univoltine and bivoltine populations may exist within northeastern N.A. Adults begin mating in early May shortly after emerging from hibernation. Females will deposit their eggs on the undersides of leaf surfaces an average of 1 egg mass per 5 days until the she dies (Oetting and Yonke 1971). Females can lay upwards of 300 eggs under laboratory settings (De Clercq 2000). Eggs take about 6 days to hatch and require temperatures of between 20° C to 25° C (De Clercq 2000; Oetting and Yonke 1971). Maturation to adult takes between 25 to 30 days (De Clercq 2000). 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6423-TrophicStrategy 6423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species is a polyphagous predator that feeds primarily on the larvae of Lepidoptera and Symphyta (Hymenoptera) as adults. Evans (1983) reports significant numbers feeding on forest-tent caterpillar, Malacosoma americanum, colonies in Ithaca, New York, within the tents, as opposed to on the tents or in the areas surrounding them. It has been reported that they feed on plant juices as first instar nymphs (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:34 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-ConservationStatus 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species has apparently been mass-reared for biological control of the Colorado potato beetle (McPherson 1982). 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-Cyclicity 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Strickland Museum collections range from May to December; McPherson (1982) notes Illinois records between January and October. 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-Distribution 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is widespread across North America including Mexico, ranging from coast to coast and north to but not including the Canadian Territories (Henry and Froeschner 1988; Maw et al. 2000). It has also been introduced into Europe as it is a significant predator of economically important pests (Henry and Froeschner 1988). The north-south range of this species in Alberta lies between Edmonton and Lethbridge. From east-west, it has been collected from Medicine Hat to the eastern front of the Rocky Mountains." 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-GeneralDescription 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species has both a red and yellow form, and both are slightly more robust around the pronotum and posterior abdomen thus giving them a very subtle hourglass shape as opposed to P. exaptus' distinct oval shape. The colouring of the red form is primarily in the pronotum and scutellum. In these structures the colouring appears only around the margins, except that in the pronotum a medial red strip separates two large black spots, and on the scutellum the basal margin remains black. The characteristic black spots on the pronotum also aid in distinguishing this species from P. exaptus. The margins of the connexivum and basal portions of the hemelytra are also red coloured. In the yellow form, slight differences occur in the location of the colouring. The pronotum still has a thick red bar along its posterior margin; however the black spots are surrounded by yellow. Additionally, the margins of both the corium and scutellum are completely lined with yellow enclosing blackened regions in the centres of these structures. As in the red form, the margins of the connexivum and basal portions of the hemelytra are yellow as well. The fore-femora of both forms have a ventral, elongated spine contrasting the stubby tubercle present in P. exaptus. This species is much larger in size than P. exaptus; length 8.5 to 11.5 mm (Blatchley 1926; McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-Habitat 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Habitat is unknown. 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-LifeCycle 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The species has 2 to 3 generations per year, with the final generation hibernating over the winter months. Eggs are laid in early spring in batches of 10 to 25. After roughly 5 to 8 days of incubating at temperatures between 20° C and 25° C the eggs hatch. The first four nymphal instars are gregarious with phytophagous feeding which is unlike that of species of the genus Podisus. Their predatory behaviour only appears after the first molt. Immatures require about 3 weeks to fully mature into adults. Once mated females can deposit between 100 and 200 eggs (De Clercq 2000)." 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6420-TrophicStrategy 6420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The species is a significant predator of larvae of Coleoptera, especially that of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Chrysomelidae) (De Clercq 2000). It has also been observed feeding on the leaves of potato plants despite its typical predatory feeding habits (McPherson 1982)." 1/6/09 11:12 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-ConservationStatus 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, a severe pest of wild and ornamental birch." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-Cyclicity 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Alberta late May to early June, mid July to August. Elsewhere continuous from May to late August." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-Distribution 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "European native, Newfoundland to Maryland, Quebec and Ontario, Iowa, Washington, Oregon, Alberta, Northwest Territories, Alaska." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-GeneralDescription 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: Small black sawflies 3.7 mm long. All black except for small amounts of white on each femur, tibia and tarsus. Wings with light brown banding and darker near the body. Antennae shorter than thorax (longer in Fenusa dohrnii). All sawflies of this group posses an ovipositor modified to be used as a saw to facilitate the deposition of eggs under the surface of leaves. Teeth (serula) of the lancet (saw) are low and flattened with 5 or 6 sub-basal teeth (only 3 in F. dohrnii). Males and females generally the same except males without ovipositor. \n\nLarvae: Creamy white with distinctive banding pattern on ventral side of thorax and abdomen. Final feeding stage 5.5 mm long. One of only three species in Alberta to feed inside birch leaves. Dorso-ventrally flattened with a prognathous (forward-facing) head. A small black stripe runs from the thorax to the 1st abdominal segment visible on the ventral surface in all instars but more easily distinguished in larger larvae. This stripe consists of four dark brown to black plates in the centre of thoracic segments 1-3 and abdominal segment one. Each plate is separate, but appears to be one contiguous peice. This stripe can be used to distinguish between F. pumila and two other birch leafmining species, Profenusa thomsoni and Heterarthrus nemoratus. In neither P. thomsoni nor H. nemoratus does the stripe continue on to the 1st abdominal segment. In F. pumila the 1st thoracic segment width is constant when viewed from the ventral or dorsal aspect. \n\nThe three North American Fenusa species complete development inside leaves of the host plant. Therefore, the larval host is an important diagnostic character. Fenusa pumila is widely distributed in North America on Birch, F. dohrnii feeds on Alder and F. ulmi occurs in eastern North America on Elm.\n\nAdapted from Smith 1971, Goulet 1992 and Lindquist 1959." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-Habitat 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Unknown for adults. Larva feeders on wild and ornamental birch. 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-LifeCycle 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults emerge in late May to early June and fly to the leaf surface. Females use the saw-like ovipositor to deposit eggs near the mid-rib in the upper surface of newly expanded or expanding birch leaves (Drouin and Wong 1984). Eggs hatch 4 – 10 days later and larvae feed inside the birch leaf, often disrupting the host leaf's development. Infested leaves therefore have a distinctive 'crinkled' appearance. Larvae complete development within the leaf and create a blotch shaped mine adjacent to the mid-rib. When development is completed larvae drop to the ground to pupate. A second generation will emerge approximately 2 weeks later. In Alberta the offspring of the second generation overwinter, but elsewhere there may be multiple generations per year, the offspring of the last overwintering. In Alaska their appears to be only 1 generation per year (pers. obs). \n\nLeafminer adults appear to prefer the upper and outer leaves of birch trees which corresponds to new growth (Drouin and Wong 1984). Large populations are capable of totally defoliating whole forests. Where Profenusa thomsoni co-occurs feeding by both species can totally defoliate trees by mid to late July. An introduced species, F. pumila has been the target of multiple biological control efforts. \n\nTwo ichneumonid parasitoid wasps Lathrolestes nigricollis (Thomson) and Grypocentrus albipes Ruthe and one Eulophid wasp Chrysocharis nitetis (Walker) have been introduced together or separately to Newfoundland (Raske and Jones 1975),the Eastern United States (Driesche van et al. 1997), Quebec (Guèvremont and Quednau 1977) and Alberta (Langor et al. 2000) with varying degrees of success." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5774-TrophicStrategy 5774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Primarily a feeder on members of the Betulaceae, common on a number of species of Betula (Birch)." 8/16/05 9:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5796-Cyclicity 5796 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Initial flight in spring (early April) till early May, then June to late summer (Leach et al, 1940)." 1/30/06 9:38 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5796-Distribution 5796 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transcontinental in Canada; eastern United States (Bright, 1976)." 1/30/06 9:38 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5796-GeneralDescription 5796 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Distinguished by the more coarsely punctured post lateral areas of the pronotum, the dull minutely reticulated surface of pronotum and elytra, with apical margin appearing narrowly rounded from above. Frons of females are convex with surface coarsely, sparsely granulate. In males they are concave with a median tubercle between upper halves of the eyes. The anterior margin of pronotum of females is rounded with two large and two small median teeth. That of males is straight and unarmed (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982)." 1/30/06 9:38 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5796-LifeCycle 5796 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Similar to T. retusum in appearance and life cycle (Leach et al, 1940), the difference being on gallery construction which extend deeper into the heartwood in T. betulae. Adults are attracted to Betula spp, particularly B. papyrifera. Before the eggs hatch, the fungus overgrows and overcrowds the cradles. The larvae hatches within a week after the eggs are laid and begin to enlarge the larval cradles until they are slightly bigger than the size of an adult beetle. The fungus is consumed quickly by the growing larvae. The new emerging beetles acquire fungus for inoculation in the next season from fungal cells retained in the intestines of emerging pupae (Leach et al, 1940)." 1/30/06 9:38 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5797-Cyclicity 5797 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Not investigated, but probably similar to T. lineatum (Bright, 1976)." 1/30/06 10:51 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5797-Distribution 5797 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transcontinental in Canada; western United States (Bright, 1976)." 1/30/06 10:51 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5797-GeneralDescription 5797 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Recognized by their dull finely reticulated surface of the elytra, with apical margin appearing subacuminate, narrowly rounded posterior margin, when viewed from above. (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982). Frons of male deeply concave with lateral margins ornamented by abundant hair and anterior margin of pronotum straight and unarmed. Females frons are convex, surface reticulate with fine, sparse granules. Anterior margin of pronotum is rounded and unarmed. (Bright, 1976; Wood, 1982)" 1/30/06 10:51 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5797-TrophicStrategy 5797 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Picea spp., Pinus spp., and probably other species of conifers (Bright, 1976)." 1/30/06 10:51 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-ConservationStatus 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently a concern. Sedge sprites are abundant in the east of their range and more rare in the west. 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-Cyclicity 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult flight time varies across the range but can emerge as early as May and has been recorded as late as September. 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-Distribution 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Recorded in all Canadian provinces and territories except the Yukon but more northerly records are likely rare and not found in alpine regions (Westfall and May 1996, Acorn 2004). Found in most eastern and mid-west states as far south as Illinois and Maryland but only in the north part of western states." 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-GeneralDescription 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Sedge sprites are among the smallest of all damselfly species with slender abdomens and a total length less than 3 cm (Westfall and May 1996). Generally, they are metallic green with no post-ocular spots (pale-coloured markings just behind eyes, characteristic of many damselflies) (Walker 1953). Male sedge sprites are fairly easy to recognize due to the blue colour of the terminal two and a half abdominal segments with paired dark spots on the terminal two segments (Walker 1953). Females are very similar to males but the two terminal abdominal segments are each dark with a blue band (Westfall and May 1996). Females exhibit two colour and pattern morphs, one similar to the male and one with green and yellow colouration (Lajeunesse and Forbes 2003). The sedge sprite is of similar size and colouration to some species from the forktail genus (Ischnura) but differ in that forktails have obvious postocular spots (Acorn 2004).\nLarvae, like the adults, are small and slender. They are green or brown and have no obvious markings (Walker 1953). Identifying characters include spots on and below the margins of the gills and a dozen small spines on each side of the head towards the back (Westfall and May 1996). They are found at the base of dense, aquatic vegetation in habitats where adults fly (Westfall and May 1996). At the genus level, sprite larvae have one prominent (sometimes a second, but never none) bristle on either side of the upper lip just above the mandibles; although this character separates them from forktails it is not particular to sprites (De Marmels 1984)." 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-Habitat 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Small, still bodies of water with emergent vegetation, especially marshes or bogs." 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-LifeCycle 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Specific life history information on sedge sprites is sparse, however general damselfly literature is abundant. Generally, eggs are laid in aquatic plant tissue above or below the water's surface where the female cuts the tissue with her ovipositor blades. For sedge sprites, floating, dead plant material may be preferable (Walker 1953). The female sedge sprite oviposits horizontally with the male still attached by his claspers to her thorax, positioned at a 45° angle to the female (Walker 1953). The female deposits one or sometimes several eggs into each cut; eggs are spindle shaped (Westfall and May 1996). Oviposition occurs in mid to late summer for sedge sprites (Walker 1953). Length of embryonic development varies greatly and may depend on water temperature but larvae often hatch after several weeks to just over a month after oviposition (Walker 1953). Larvae develop through a series of stages (instars) where they grow progressively larger. Sedge sprites over-winter as larvae and are fully grown by early spring (Walker 1953). Larvae will emerge from the water to become adults in early summer. Adults may disperse away from the water to feed and mature. They return to the wetlands upon sexual maturity to search for mates, at which time males are most visible darting in and around the vegetation (Westfall and May 1996). However, sedge sprites will avoid flying over open water and thus are generally inconspicuous (Walker 1953)." 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5853-TrophicStrategy 5853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown but they are generalist and opportunistic predators. The main component of the adult diet would be flies (e.g. midges) while larva feed on aquatic invertebrates (Corbet 2004). 4/7/06 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-ConservationStatus 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status No information indicating any concern. 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-Cyclicity 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Emerge early July to early August (Fye 1965). May to October in southern parts (Mitchell 1962). 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-Distribution 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "MacKenzie to Newfoundland and south to Arizona, Tennessee, California, Illinois and Georgia (Krombein et al. 1970)." 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-GeneralDescription 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females: Relatively small body size with a length of 9-12 mm, stout and completely black body with yellow spurs (articulated spine). Eyes become slightly convergent near the bottom. Soft downy hair (pubescence) is white and is quite dense around the antennae, lower face, cheeks, lateral and posterior thorax, lateral abdomen, and between dorsal abdomen segments. Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent). Large cheeks, only slightly wider than the eyes and mouth mandibles have 5 tooth projections. Pollen collecting “scopa” on the ventral abdomen with dense yellowish short hairs. (Mitchell 1962).\nMales: Body length of 8-10 mm, stout and completely black body and slightly reddish legs. Eyes become slightly convergent near the bottom. Large cheeks that are slightly wider then the eyes and mouth mandibles have 3 tooth projections. Pubescence are white and very dense around the antennae, lower face, cheeks below, lateral and posterior thorax. Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent). Tergum (dorsal abdomen segment) 7 is prominent, broad, short and has a deep excavation. Sternum (ventral abdomen segment) 5 is short and restricted. Sternum 6 has few setae on each side of the midline with no obvious apical lobe. Genital armatures have slender gonocoxites with a sharp appearing apex. (Mitchell 1962)." 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-Habitat 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prefers nesting sites at woodland edges (Medler & Koerber 1958); bores into wood (Krombein et al.). 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-LifeCycle 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Reported univoltine (one generation reaches maturity per year) in Ontario and bivoltine (two generations reaches maturity per year) in Wisconsin (Fye 1965, Medler & Lussenhop 1968). Nests are constructed by the mother bee with loosely packed leaf pieces to create the thimble-shaped cells and the nest entrance is plugged with circular leaf pieces (Medler & Koerber 1958) followed by a layer of chewed leaves and clay (Fye 1965, Medler & Koerber 1958). Nests appear rough in texture (Fye 1965). Eggs are laid in the cells and hatch 2 - 3 days later. There are 4 larval stages, which feed on the provisioning left by the mother bee (Medler & Koerber 1958). The last larval stage produces a reddish brown silk cocoon in the cell and pupates approximately 7 to 10 days later and all of the adult bees in the nest emerge at the same time (Medler & Koerber 1958). Nesting under rocks has been observed in Wisconsin (Medler & Lussenhop 1968). Nest site competition has been observed where eumenid and pompilid wasps take over M. relativa nests and vica versa (Medler & Koerber 1958). Parasitism by parasitic bees includes Coelioxys spp. and the large chalcoid wasp Leucospis affinis (Krombein 1970, Medler & Koerber 1958)." 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5847-TrophicStrategy 5847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic (collects pollen from wide range of flowering plants) (Krombein et al. 1970). Pollen from various flowers includes Aster spp. and Rubus spp. (Krombein et al., Medler & Koerber 1958). Commonly cut leafs for their nests from flower species including Amelanchier spp., Epilobium anustifolium and Lonicera canadensis (Fye 1965)." 4/6/06 14:42 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-ConservationStatus 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Unknown, known from very few localities but is locally common in the Kootenay Plains Ecological Reserve." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-Cyclicity 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity End June – early August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-Distribution 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Known from only a handful of localities in Alberta, Manitoba, and New Mexico." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-GeneralDescription 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description Overall very similar to A. argyrospila but the markings tend to be much more subdued to being nearly absent. It also tends to be slightly larger and mottling is less pronounced on the forewing. The forewing is normally dull greyish brown but varies from greyish olive to greyish red. The hindwings are typically grey.\nThe larva is similar to A. argyrospila but is slightly larger and the head is brown with a darker patch near the ocelli. (MacKay 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-Habitat 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairie and montane. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23703-TrophicStrategy 23703 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva feeds on Eleagnus. (Freeman 1958) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6093-Distribution 6093 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North America, north to southern BC and east to extreme southern Alberta. There is a single specimen record for Alberta, from the Lost River valley near Onefour." 6/21/07 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6093-GeneralDescription 6093 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.3.2 cm wingspan) robust ""hairy"" grey moth. The forewings are steely blue grey except for the costa, which is broadly pale gray-white. The smooth dark grey of the lower half of the forewing extends in an indistinct narrowing stripe to the apex. The subterminal line consists of a series of poorly defined short black streaks or elongated spots, increasing in size toward the lower margin, and lightly marked by white scales along the distal side. The post-median and in particular the antemedian line are each indicated at the costa by a short jagged black line. The hindwings are dark brownish grey. The antennae are simple or nearly so. The related P. cinerea is paler grey and flies in the fall. Pleromelloida conserta has the forewings crossed by one or more complete lines. The genitalia of bonuscula (male genitalia illustrated) and conserta are also very different." 6/21/07 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6093-Habitat 6093 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry open woodland and shrubby grassland. 6/21/07 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6093-LifeCycle 6093 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known; apparently single-brooded. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The single Alberta specimen was collected on June 30, 2002. In adjacent BC they fly in early spring (late March – May). The host plant(s) of P. bonuscula appear to be unknown. The hosts of the closely related P. cinerea and P. conserta are reported to be snowberry (Symphoricarpos sp.)." 6/21/07 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6095-GeneralDescription 6095 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.0 -3.3 cm wingspan) robust grey or black moth. Form obliquata (Sm.)is the normal form throughout most of Alberta. The forewings of obliquata are medium grey crossed by black antemedian and postmedian lines. The subterminal line consists of a series faint white spots. There is also a faint darker grey median band and reniform spot. The hind wings are dull sooty brown with a dark discal lunule. The nominate form, which is found mainly in the mountains, has the forewings largely suffused with dark black, except for the light grey terminal band and costa. The closely related P. bonuscula is a more even steely blue-grey and lacks complete crosslines. The genitalia of concerta are also very different from those of bonuscula. P. cinerea is much paler grey and flies in fall." 6/21/07 14:03 3/3/15 11:14 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6095-Habitat 6095 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry woodland and shrubby grassland. 6/21/07 14:03 3/3/15 11:14 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6095-LifeCycle 6095 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known; single-brooded, with adults emerging in the spring. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The host plant is reported to be snowberry (Symphoricarpos sp.)." 6/21/07 14:03 3/3/15 11:14 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6097-Distribution 6097 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western moth, found from southeastern Alberta and the Black Hills of South Dakota west to southeastern BC and eastern Oregon, south to New Mexico and Arizona. In Alberta peabodyae has been collected at low to mid (1300-1500m) elevations in dry open woodland in the mountains, north to Nordegg. It or a closely related undescribed species also occurs in the badlands of the Red Deer River." 6/21/07 14:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6097-GeneralDescription 6097 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size dull yellow-brown and grey-brown moth (3.5-4.2 cm wingspan). The pale cross-lines and spots do not contrast strongly with the darker ground. The hindwings are uniform grey-brown. Pronoctua species have an odd silky ""sheen"" (shared with Protoperigea species) that is hard to describe but once seen makes them fairly easy to recognize. Pronoctua peabodyae has darker hindwings and is darker and more contrasting than P. typica. The clasper of the male genitalia of P. peabodyae is very different from that of P. typica and Protoperigea species. See also the comments below re prairie versus mountain populations of peabodyae." 6/21/07 14:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6097-Habitat 6097 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat dry open woodland in the mountains 6/21/07 14:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6097-LifeCycle 6097 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. P. peabodyae is single-brooded, with adults in Alberta in late summer (July 31– Aug. 16 in the mountains; Aug. 11-22 in the badlands). The adults come to light. Lafontaine (1998) summarizes the larval description by Crumb (1956). The larval host(s) are apparently unknown, although the larva described by Crumb was reared on clover." 6/21/07 14:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-ConservationStatus 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common in North America (Warner and Negley 1976), not of concern." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-Cyclicity 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Overwinter as larvae, pupae (Cooley 1904), or as adults in warmer climates (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-Distribution 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is widespread across Canada and occurs in all provinces (Warner and Negley 1976). It inhabits all of the United States with the exceptions of Georgia, Alabama, Arizona, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Tennessee (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-GeneralDescription 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Eggs are about .25 mm long, are milky white immediately after oviposition, and eventually turn pale brown (Cooley 1904). The young larvae are microscopic and resemble the large whitish larvae having a yellowish head (Cooley 1904). The soft and delicate pupae are between 5 and 7 mm long, are almost pure white, and reveal distinct adult parts with separate wing sacs along their backs that eventually fuse (Cooley 1904). Immediately after emerging from the pupa, the adult appears light brown, and eventually turns brownish black (Cooley 1904). Adults are 5 to 7 mm long, have elbowed antennae slightly widened at the tip, have fused elytra and cannot fly (Cooley 1904). The apex of their tibia is rounded, their femora are toothed with the first femora having 2 small teeth at the base, and their rostrum is short and stout (Warner and Negley 1976). When adults are disturbed, they pull in their legs and remain immobile (Cooley 1904)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-Habitat 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Adults live under foliage, in the ground, or in crowns of plants at base of leaf stems (Cooley 1904)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-LifeCycle 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Development is dependent on diet and temperatures (Umble and Fisher 2000). The weevils are parthenogenetic and there are no males in North America (Warner and Negley 1976). They crawl into the soil scattering their unfertilized eggs among plant roots between spring and late summer (Cooley 1904, Umble and Fisher 2000). After approximately 20 days, their eggs hatch, and the larvae begin feeding on plant roots (Cooley 1904). The larvae find themselves comfortable spots in the soil where they shed their skin and pupate (Cooley 1904). Dispersal of the flightless weevils is dependent on the distances they walk and often on shipments of horticultural products (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999). They inhabit greenhouses, nurseries, vineyards, and other agricultural crops (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5782-TrophicStrategy 5782 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species is polyphagous, larvae feed on plant roots, and adults feed nocturnally on the foliage, buds and young shoots of a wider range of host plants (Warner and Negley 1976). North American host plants include borage, carrot, strawberry, hops, juniper, alfalfa, mint, bean, spruce, pine, peach, rhododendron, rose, raspberry, yew, arborvitae, red clover, hemlock, blueberry and grape (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-ConservationStatus 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rarely collected in Alberta; no obvious concerns. 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-Distribution 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found from southern BC and southwestern Alberta south to Colorado, northern Arizona and southern California. In Alberta it has been collected in the mountains at Hailstone Butte (6000m) and in the foothills near Calgary (head of Pine Creek). They frequent dry open woodland and steppe." 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-GeneralDescription 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Relatively small (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) with light bodies, resembling geometridae. Dull mottled greyish-brown moths, somewhat variable in pattern. The basal half of the forewing is usually darker than the remainder, or has darker areas. The orbicular and reniform are usually large and pale, and contrast with the ground. In particular in lower part of the reniform is usually splayed towards the outer margin. The hindwings are lighter sooty brown, darker in females. Antennae in both sexes simple. Only one other species of Neologia, the much more common and widespread N. subjuncta, is known from Alberta. It tends to have the darkest area in the median part of the wing more or less in the shape of a bar near the lower margin. Best separated by range or by genitalia. A small (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) geometrid-like noctuid moth with grey-brown forewings and dirty white to light grey hindwings. Specimens of tonsa may be highly variable in appearance; the three that are illustrated here are all from the same locality, Lillooet BC. In general the basal half of the forewing is dark and the outer half lighter, while the orbicular and large reniform spots stand out. Specimens of Neoligia from the mountains and foothills of Alberta require having the genitalia examined for positive identification. Females will require dissection, but males can often be identified by brushing and examining the tips of the valves." 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-Habitat 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat dry open woodland and steppe 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-LifeCycle 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Very poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There appears to be a single brood. The Alberta specimens were collected 10 and 25 July. The larval host plants are unknown. 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4545-TrophicStrategy 4545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown 4/21/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4818-GeneralDescription 4818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Member of the lampros group (subgenus Metallina). Black, usually with faint aeneous lustre, base of antennae (at least 1st segment below) and legs paler, reddish or piceous, but femora always darker than the tibiae which, however, have the extreme base darkened. Head with frontal furrows arcuate, no pronounced longitudinal ridge between anterior and posterior supraorbital punctures. Prothorax hardly constricted at base, latero-basal carinae long, straight, or even slightly converging at tip. Elytral striae more abbreviated in apical half, usually more finely punctured, the rudimentary 7th stria, behind shoulder, as evidently punctate as the 6th. Length 2.9 to 3.8 mm." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4818-Habitat 4818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This is a highland species, occurring in open, hilly country on sandy soil, usually moraine." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4818-LifeCycle 4818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Probably overwinters in the adult stage. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4818-TrophicStrategy 4818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-ConservationStatus 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-Cyclicity 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "April-August (plus one questionable January specimen) in collections, most from April-June." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-Distribution 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "McNamara (2006) stated a Canadian range including Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario. O'Brien and Wibmer (1982) listed additional occurrences across the United States, including: CT, DC, IL, IN, MA, MD, NJ, NY, OH, PA, WI, FL, GA, NC, SC, TN, VA, CA, TX, ID, OR, WA, IA, KS, MO, NE, SD, MT. Strickland Museum specimens were collected mainly in Alberta (Canada), and Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, and New Jersey (United States)." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-GeneralDescription 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "LeConte (1876) diagnosed this species as moderately large (9-11 mm), generally slender, and with a black cuticle overlain by fine, somewhat patchy, ashen-grey hairs. The background cuticle colour appears much closer to walnut-brown in our museum specimens. Separated, rounded posterior elytra tips are the key distinguishing feature for this species, it is otherwise fairly similar to Lixus rubellus Randall 1838. Within L. terminalis, the rostrum is as long as the prothorax, relatively thickened, and bears antennae near its anterior tip (1/5th of the way from the tip). The antennae have a first joint of their funicle (antennal segments between basal scape and clubbed tip) that is broader than the second joint. The prothorax is longer than it is wide, is dorsally rounded but with straight sides, and is broader than the elytra. Notches for accepting the fronts of the elytra appear almost straight in their lateral extremes, and the anterior constriction of the prothorax is gentle, giving it a rather boxy appearance. The medial angle (backwards projection along the midline of the prothorax) is small and pointed, and is situated just behind a dorsal impression which itself becomes shallower anteriorly, almost reaching the anterior edge of the prothorax. The femora of the legs are slightly club-shaped. There are punctures (pits) that are fine and dense upon the rostrum (becoming coarser on its sides). Punctures upon the prothorax are a mixture of interspersed fine and coarse pits; and are coarse, moderately deep, and widely spaced in a linear arrangement upon the elytra." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-Habitat 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mesic (moist) habitats among herbs and shrubs, and in aquatic habitats (Anderson, 2002)." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-LifeCycle 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit individual eggs into notches that they create in the stems of plants - it is not certain if there is a restricted set of larval food plants for this species (Milne and Milne, 1980; Webster, 1892). Larvae burrow into stems and roots, forming gall-like galleries where they then pupate (Blatchley and Leng, 1916). The adults emerge to feed on the soft tissues of various plants, often different plants from those used by larvae (Anderson, 1987). There appears to be only one generation per year in this species." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5973-TrophicStrategy 5973 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "One specimen in the Strickland Museum collections was reared from Polygonum muhlenbergii, by D.H. Blake, but this was in a lab situation. Forbes (as cited by Webster, 1892) showed that Polygonum pennsylvanicum (Pennsylvania smartweed) was a likely larval food plant for this species by using it for rearing, but also stated that numerous other plants would suffice for feeding in nature." 1/8/07 11:16 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-ConservationStatus 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Few Alberta collections; worthy of tracking. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-Cyclicity 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from early August to late September. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-Distribution 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern CA east to CO, western SD and southwestern SK and north to southern AB and BC. In Alberta it has been collected only in the foothills in the southwestern corner of the province, north to below Hailstone Butte. Bowman (1951) also lists ""Zone 3"" (Lethbridge area) but no specimens from there have been located." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-GeneralDescription 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "D. variabilis is a medium-size (3.8-4.0 cm wingspan) yellow-brown or pinkish-brown moth with white hindwings. It is a very ""clean"" looking moth; the only prominent markings are a small patch of dark scales indicating the orbicular spot and a dark vertical bar marking the reniform. It is unlikely to be mistaken for any other Alberta moth. Until recently it was placed in the genus Pseudorthosia, which is now treated as a subgenus (Lafontaine, 2004)." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-Habitat 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry open montane woodland; wooded grasslands drainages. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-LifeCycle 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and attracted to light. There is a single annual brood that flies in late summer and early fall. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5356-TrophicStrategy 5356 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "No data. Crumb (1956) beat it from ""shrubs""." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4268-ConservationStatus 4268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A fairly common and widespread species. 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4268-Cyclicity 4268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in July and August. 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4268-Distribution 4268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The extent of the range of idahoensis cannot be determined from the published literature, as what has been treated in the literature as idahoensis is now treated as a complex of at least 6 species, most of which have not yet been described. E. idahoensis occurs in Alberta in the foothills and mountains, as well as in wooded parts of the grasslands region. It is not known to occur east of Alberta." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4268-GeneralDescription 4268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "E. idahoensis is a member of the detersa group in the subgenus Euxoa. They are rather robust, medium-size moths (3.2-3.5 cm wingspan) with charcoal brown or sooty brown forewings. The costa is light grey or grey brown and contrasts with the ground, especially over the basal half. There is a prominent black basal dash, and the area in the discal cell before the orbicular and between the orbicular and the reniform spot is black. The orbicular spot is prominent, usually open to and concolorous with the pale costa. The crescent shaped reniform is less contrasting and is finely outlined with black scales in most specimens. The normal lines are absent, except for traces of the subterminal line indicated by a few dark saggitate spots. The hindwings are sooty brown with a darker discal mark. They are very similar to E. castanea, with the chestnut of E. castanea replaced by charcoal brown in idahoenesis. Until recently (2000) ""idahoensis"" was comprised of what is now recognized as a group of at least 6 species, most of which are being described as new. True idahoensis is larger, darker, less streaked, has a larger orbicular, is more charcoal brown in color and has broader ovipositor lobes than the other 5 species. Because of this taxonomic confusion, previously published information regarding idahoensis may refer to any or all of the 6 species in the complex, including idahoensis. Bowman (1951) listed idahoensis as a subspecies of E. costata." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4268-Habitat 4268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry woodlands in the foothills, mountains and grasslands region." 2/6/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6393-Distribution 6393 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Circumpolar. Europe east across the boreal regions to Siberia; in North America it occurs across much of the boreal forest region, south in the mountains in the east. In Alberta it has been collected from north of Lake Athabasca (Cornwall Lake) south to Waterton Lakes National Park." 4/28/08 11:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6393-GeneralDescription 6393 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2 cm wingspan) grey-brown or red-brown moth with ""squared"" wings and the abrupt ""shoulder"" characteristic of Tortricids. The forewing markings are highly variable. Some specimens (above at right) are poorly marked with markings confined to a narrow oblique rusty red line crossing the forewing midway, and a less prominent erratic line crossing from the midpoint of the costa to the anal angle. Other specimens are grey (lower at right) with the outer half of the wing dark red-brown, frequently with a dark oblique band near the forewing base. Hindwings mottled light brownish grey. The male genitalia (lower right) are quite distinct." 4/28/08 11:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6393-Habitat 6393 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Probably occurs in wooded areas throughout the province. 4/28/08 11:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6393-LifeCycle 6393 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Acleris maccana is a solitary leaf roller that feeds on a variety of deciduous trees and shrubs including Myrica, Vaccinium, Rhododendron, Malus, Betula, Salix, Populus and others. The flight period is late fall (late Aug – early Oct.) and again in early spring (early Apr – mid May), probably hibernating. There is a single annual brood. Adults come to light." 4/28/08 11:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6394-Distribution 6394 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland to AK, south to ME and WI in the east, south in the west to at least CO and CA." 4/28/08 13:40 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6394-GeneralDescription 6394 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3 cm wingspan) jet-black moth with 2 large pale yellow or cream spots on each forewing and one (female) or two (males) large cream or white spots on the hindwings. The tegulae (scale patch on ""shoulders"") are pale yellow, and the legs have orange tufts. Other Alberta Foresters have prominent black linings along the veins across the spots, giving them a striped appearance. These are absent or very faint in lantana. A smaller pyralid moth (Anania funebris) is superficially very similar, down to the yellow tegulae, but is much smaller (1.8-2.2 cm wingspan) and less robust." 4/28/08 13:40 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6394-Habitat 6394 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Widespread in Alberta, found throughout the wooded areas except in the grasslands region." 4/28/08 13:40 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6394-LifeCycle 6394 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single brood in Alberta, with adults from early May through early July. Adults are diurnal and visit flowers for nectar. The larvae feed on fireweed (Epilobium sp.) The colorful caterpillars (orange speckled with black and with sparse long setae) are illustrated in color on several sites on the web." 4/28/08 13:40 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6395-Distribution 6395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found at higher elevations in the mountains, north to Alaska and south through BC at least into the pacific northwestern states, west to Vancouver Island. There is a single Alberta record based on a specimen found in the Shigematsu collection, collected at Highwood Pass July 7, 1968." 4/28/08 14:19 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6395-GeneralDescription 6395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3 cm wingspan) diurnal jet black and cream moth. The forewings are black with a wide curved subterminal band and a large triangular basal patch of light cream. There is also a smaller square reniform spot, also cream. The pale areas are divided by a fine line of dark scales along each vein. Hindwings black with a large oblong cream patch in the center divided by a thick vertical black line. The black lining of the veins crossing the cream patches will separate ridingsii from all our other foresters except for the very similar but smaller (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) Androloma maccullochii. Androloma males have a modified inflated costa containing a strip of membrane with vertical striations, giving the forewing costa a slightly convex shape. This is entirely lacking in ridingsii, which thus has a straight or slightly concave costa. The basal cream patch on the forewing of ridingsii extends only about halfway to the outer margin, but extends much further and almost meets the lower end of the subterminal band in maccullochii. The cream patches on the hindwings and in particular the basal patch is also larger in maccullochii, and the veins in the hindwing patch of maccullochii are more strongly lined with dark scales. Females are similar but lack the modified costa found in maccullochii." 4/28/08 14:19 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6395-Habitat 6395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat This species is found at higher elevations in the mountains. 4/28/08 14:19 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6395-LifeCycle 6395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Foresters are diurnal, and have a rapid buzzing flight. They undoubtedly have only a single brood, at least here in Alberta. Larvae apparently feed on evening primrose (Oenothera sp.) (Jones, 1951)." 4/28/08 14:19 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4819-GeneralDescription 4819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Member of the erasum grooup (subgenus Linoepha). Shiny black, often with faint bronzy, bluish or greenish hue; all appendages black, except that the tibiae are sometimes dark piceous. Prothorax with sides straight or extemely faint and short sinuation before hind angles which are obtuse in outline but form a small denticle at tip. Elytra with outer striae lacking, only the 2-3 innnermost striae evident. Length 3.0 to 4.2 mm." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4819-Habitat 4819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Occurs among moss, leaves, etc. in hilly and mountainous locales." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4819-LifeCycle 4819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Overwinters in the adult stage. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4819-TrophicStrategy 4819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4820-GeneralDescription 4820 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Member of the lachnophoroides group (subgenus Actedium). Pale, reddish brown, head and prothorax dark aeneous, elytra with very faint metallic lustre and an obsolete dark band behind the middle; antennae and maxillary palpi darkened towards tip. Length 4.5 to 4.8 mm." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4820-Habitat 4820 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found on river banks in rather coarse, completely sterile sand close to water." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4820-TrophicStrategy 4820 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4821-TrophicStrategy 4821 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4822-TrophicStrategy 4822 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-ConservationStatus 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status At the eastern edge of its range in extreme southwestern Alberta. 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-Cyclicity 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Collected in Alberta in late June and early July. 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-Distribution 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North America, from extreme southwestern Alberta west, and south to New Mexico (Troubridge and Lafontaine, in prep.). In Alberta it has been collected in Waterton National Park and near the Alberta-BC boundary at Island Lake in the Crowsnest Pass." 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-GeneralDescription 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (4.5-4.7 cm wingspan) powdery light grey moth with few markings. Forewing markings consist of a short, very fine black basal dash, a slightly larger black anal streak, a few dark scales marking the reniform and in some specimens traces of the postmedian line. The grey fringe is checked with black between the veins. The hind wings are dirty white, with darker grey-brown scales lining the veins and forming a thin terminal line. Antennae simple. Overall a very neat, clean looking moth compared to most Acronicta species. The closely related A. lepusculina is darker grey and has more prominent markings. Acronicta dactylina is also better marked, and lacks any trace of a basal streak." 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-Habitat 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry montane forest 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-LifeCycle 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood. 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5841-TrophicStrategy 5841 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The only recorded larval host is snowbush (Ceanothus velutinus)(Miller and Hammond, 2003)." 3/7/06 14:14 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-ConservationStatus 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not known to be rare in North America. 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-Cyclicity 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults were collected in Alberta from early May through late September (J. Jacobs, pers. comm.)." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-Distribution 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is found coastally and slightly inland across North America, in the east from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia south to Vermont and Tennessee, and in the west from Alaska south along the coast to California, and slightly inland from the Rocky Mountains south to Arizona and Texas (Bousquet, 1990)." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-GeneralDescription 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "All Rhizophagus spp. have antennal grooves on either side and slightly under the head (Bousquet, 2004). Body is fairly flattened, elongate and small, under 4.5 mm in total length (Bousquet, 2004). The final abdominal tergite (the last segment visible dorsally) is not covered by elytra (Sengupta, 1988). Larvae may be 2-6 mm in length and flat or cylindrical or tapered at both ends (Lawrence, 1991). There is an inward projection of the exoskeleton on the anterior segment of the underside of the thorax. The pronotum (section of exoskeleton directly behind the head) is covered in divets, and these divets are smaller than in comparable species (Bousquet, 1990). The elytra, or exoskeleton covering the hindwings, tend to be reddish at their base and get progressively darker brown moving back (Bousquet, 1990). Differences in the aedeagus (male copulatory organ) are also of use if identification is questioned (Bousquet, 1990)." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-Habitat 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Under the bark of conifer trees in the west, conifer and broadleaf trees in the east (Bousquet, 1990)." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-LifeCycle 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This taxon is very widespread with variable traits across North America. Eastern specimens are more often found on deciduous trees (eg. maple), than in the west where the dominant host is lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) (Bousquet, 1990). Rhizophagus dimidiatus have been found in ex-galleries of two bark beetle species Dendroctonus rufipennis and Dendroctonus ponderosae (mountain pine beetle). Catch in window traps in forested northern Alberta is the most abundant from mid to late July (J. Jacobs, pers. comm.)." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5869-TrophicStrategy 5869 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Rhizophagus dimidiatus most likely feeds on fungus present on decaying coniferous trees and may is predatory toward bark beetles or their larvae, specifically D. rufipennis and D. ponderosae (characters of Rhizophagus, Peacock, 1977; Bousquet, 1990). Considering that this same species is found under the bark of deciduous trees as well in eastern Canada, it is likely that their feeding preferences are more general than specific." 4/13/06 11:33 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-ConservationStatus 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-Cyclicity 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Museum specimens were all captured in April-June, in Alberta, and are post-emergence adults." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-Distribution 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "McNamara (2006) listed Canadian occurrences in Alberta and Ontario. O'Brien and Wibmer (1982) provided American occurrences in IL, IN, CA, OK, TX, IA, KS, MT, NE, and SD." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-GeneralDescription 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "LeConte (1876) diagnosed this relatively small species as one in which the underlying cuticle is black and covered by a thin coat of grey pubescence - Stickland Museum specimens appear to have a much more reddish-brown coat on dorsal surfaces, but this is simply because their emergence coat has not rubbed off yet (Essig, 1958). This species is distinguished by its thick rostrum, which is as long as its prothorax, and bears coarse punctures (laterally), and a prominent fovea (shallow central pit) and shallow transverse depression on its front. Antennae are situated very close to the tip of the rostrum. The overall body shape is relatively ovate (in dorsal view). The prothorax has fairly round sides, is wider than it is long, and has broad indentations in its posterior edge (for accepting leading edges of elytra). These indentations meet along the midline of the prothorax to form a very broad triangle at the medial angle. The legs of this species have femora that are moderately slender and uniform in thickness. The elytra are significantly wider than the prothorax, with moderately deep depressions where they meet the prothorax, and rounded posterior tips. Punctures in the cuticle are minute on the prothorax, with sparse, coarser punctures interspersed. The elytra have much coarser punctures in a widely spaced distribution, but arranged in longitudinal bands (striae)." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-Habitat 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mesic (moist) habitats among herbs and shrubs (Anderson, 1987)." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-LifeCycle 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit individual eggs into notches that they create in stems (Milne and Milne, 1980). Larvae burrow into stems, forming gall-like galleries where they then pupate (Blatchley and Leng, 1916). The adults emerge to feed on the soft tissues of various plants; often different plants from those used by larvae (Anderson, 1987). Essig (1958) stated that there appears to be only one generation per year, and found that this species pupates late within the summer, with adult abundances in the western US occurring within the fall." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5974-TrophicStrategy 5974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "No plant associations were noted in the University of Alberta collections, but Essig (1958) stated that this species is associated with knotweed. He found that this species created oblong galls about 1 cm in length, near the basal branches of this plant, often with multiple galls on a single plant. Riley (as cited by Webster, 1892) has also found that this species forms galls on Amelanchier (Saskatoon-berry bushes)." 1/8/07 11:26 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-ConservationStatus 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-Cyclicity 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Museum specimens were taken sporadically throughout the summer and fall months. 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-Distribution 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "American occurrences in Louisiana (O'Brien and Wibmer, 1982; Say, 1831) are supplemented by Strickland Museum records from IL, KS, and NY, as well as a Canadian occurrence in Alberta." 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-GeneralDescription 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Say (1831) noted that adult specimens are large (approximately 8.8 mm), with underlying cuticle that is pitch black and covered with numerous short, white hairs. The general body dimensions are fairly ovate in dorsal view (comparatively short and stout), with a tubular, arched rostrum, and a head that is slightly constricted between the eyes. The prothorax is wider than it is long, is strongly rounded at its front, and has fairly rounded sides. The medial angle (at the back of the thorax, along the midline) is depressed, and a broad and shallow longitudinal depression arises just anterior to the medial angle, fading as it heads forward. Punctures on the cuticle are small and dense on the sides of the rostrum's base, comparatively small and dense across the thorax, and larger on elytra, but progressively smaller and constrained to longitudinal grooves near the posterior tip of the elytra. Say's original diagnosis has been supplemented with a few characters suggested by LeConte, (1876) in the identification above." 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-Habitat 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mesic (moist), semi-aquatic and aquatic habitats (Anderson, 2002; Webster, 1892)." 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-LifeCycle 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit individual eggs into notches that they create in stems (Milne and Milne, 1980). Larvae burrow into stems, forming gall-like galleries where they then pupate (Blatchley and Leng, 1916). The adults emerge to feed on the soft tissues of various plants; often different plants from those used by larvae (Anderson, 1987). There appears to be only one generation per year for this species. Essig (1958) stated that this species was quite similar to Lixus parcus, but was found to inhabit the eastern US as well as Texas and Colorado. This similarity would suggest that it too pupates late within the summer, with adult abundances occurring within the fall." 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5975-TrophicStrategy 5975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Some adult specimens in the Strickland Museum have been collected from the foliage of thistles (in the vicinity of Medicine Hat, Alberta). This species has also been reared from the foliage of Polygonum amphibium (water smartweed)(Webster, 1892). Otherwise, they are known from knotweed as larvae and pupae, and from a wide range of plants as feeding adults." 1/8/07 11:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-ConservationStatus 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-Cyclicity 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults appear in June. 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-Distribution 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "So far only recorded from southeast British Columbia; listed as probable species for Alberta (Pohl et al., in prep.)." 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-GeneralDescription 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Antenna with brown and white alternating annulations. Head ochreous. Thorax and forewing straw yellow. Fringe whitish. Hind wing pale grey; fringe whitish. Legs straw yellow. Wingspread 12-14 mm. (Freeman, 1972: 696). Male genitalia discussed and illustrated in Freeman (1972: 696; fig. 25).\nThere are no confirmed records yet of this species for Alberta. It closely resembles A. laricella which is larger, has longer hair pencils in the male genitalia, and has a different food plant (1972: 696). It might also be mistaken for other species of Argyresthia with uniform ground color on the forewing (A. abies, A. flexilis, A. mariana) but is different from all of them in its food plant (Larix occidentalis).\n" 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-Habitat 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Primarily boreal habitats, where the western larch (Larix occidentalis) grows." 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-LifeCycle 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larva bores into terminal twigs of Larix occidentalis (Freeman, 1972: 696)." 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4692-TrophicStrategy 4692 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "All the type material was reared from larvae on western larch, Larix occidentalis (Freeman, 1972: 696)." 6/8/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-ConservationStatus 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "This species is considered a major forest pest, especially in Ponderosa pine forests." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-Cyclicity 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight period is from early May through June. This may be extended if conditions remain warm. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-Distribution 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is found in pine forests in British Columbia in Canada. There are no records for this species in Alberta. This species is also found in the pine forests of the western USA in Washington, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, California, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico and as far south as Chihuahua in Mexico." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-GeneralDescription 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Declivity is moderately steep, pubescent and has weak, granulate punctures on the interstriae. Depressions are found on the declivity between the first and third striae. The frons has a median groove that extends from the epistomal process to the upper level of the eyes. Usually very dark brown and between 2.0 and 4.7 mm. Closest ally is D. frontalis Zimmermann." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-Habitat 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Living trees in conifer forests throughout its range. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-LifeCycle 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Overwintering adults become active in the spring as the local weather begins to warm. The female will find an appropriate host and will begin to attack the hard bark of the tree. The female will then be joined by the male and mating will occur. This species is polygynous so many females can be found in one gallery. Galleries can be large and may overlap upon itself. Oviposition occurs 8 days after mating and will last for 10 to 49 days, if interrupted by winter oviposition will continue in the spring. Up to 41 million eggs can be found in one gallery. After about 7 days the eggs will hatch and the larvae will mine the phloem for between 30 and 35 days, if winter interrupts the life cycle it will overwinter as a pre-pupae. The larvae pupates for 6 to 20 days and will remain within the gallery for 1 to 2 weeks after emergence before it leaves the tree. This species can have between 1.5 to 4 generations per year, depending on local weather conditions." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4711-TrophicStrategy 4711 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae feed on Pinus ponderosa and P. coulteri. During outbreaks it may feed on other Pinus species. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6396-Distribution 6396 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern species, found from the Maritimes west to central Alberta, south to about New Jersey and Minnesota. In Alberta it occurs throughout the boreal forest in the eastern half of the province." 4/28/08 14:41 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6396-GeneralDescription 6396 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively large (3-4 cm wingspan) white to very pale grey-white moth. Markings consist of small black spots or dashes indicating the antemedian and postmedian lines where they cross the veins, in some specimens joined to form a continuous line, and a small black discal dot on all four wings. Fringe checkered with black at the veins. Head and front half of tegulae yellow. Male antennae are strongly pectinate. Similar Nepytia species are all grey, not white, and more heavily marked." 4/28/08 14:41 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6396-Habitat 6396 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta it occurs throughout the boreal forest in the eastern half of the province. 4/28/08 14:41 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6396-LifeCycle 6396 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single brood, with adults in late summer and early fall. The Alberta specimens were collected late August to mid September. Adults come to light. Larvae are omnivorous or nearly so, and have been reported on a wide range of herbs, shrubs, trees and even grasses, occasionally reaching pest status in the east." 4/28/08 14:41 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-ConservationStatus 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Probably of no concern. 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-Cyclicity 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late August to early September. 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-Distribution 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western North American species. Described by Grote (1880) from a specimen collected on Vancouver Island by Henry Edwards. In addition, Fernald (1896) reported it from California and Columbia (sic). Listed from many Counties in the online California Moth Specimen Database. Clifford Ferris (pers. comm.) has found it in Albany Co., Wyoming. A male genitalic preparation which Ferris prepared matched that of Alberta material. Not reported for Alberta by Bowman (1951) and unknown in the Province until now. In Alberta, known mainly from areas along the Battle, Red Deer, South Saskatchewan and Lost Rivers. An interesting exception was a collection from a mixedwood area, 8 km NW of Winfield." 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-GeneralDescription 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A larger crambid (24-26 mm wingspan) with conspicuous, brushy, porrect labial palps and narrow forewings (as the species name implies). The forewings are pale cinereous with fuscous areas and a scattering of dark scales. A poorly defined, whitish stripe extends from the base to the terminal line. It is crossed beyond the cell by an oblique dark line. The terminal space is narrow, light yellow-orange in color with seven dark dots. The space, subterminal and terminal lines parallel the termen except near the apex where they run obliquely into the costa. The fringes are whitish in color. The hindwings are pale fuscous, somewhat darker than the forewings. The genitalia have apparently not been illustrated. Originally described as Crambus attenuatus (Grote 1880)." 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-Habitat 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Native grassland. 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-LifeCycle 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults fly at night and come to light. 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5851-TrophicStrategy 5851 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. It is likely that the larvae feed on grasses. 4/7/06 8:24 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-ConservationStatus 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not a concern. 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-Cyclicity 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Two broods per year, mid-May and July. Those hibernating can live through next August." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-Distribution 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Common across North America (Hungerford 1917), from the boreal to short prairie biomes in Alberta." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-GeneralDescription 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Notonecta undulata (10-12 mm) is the smallest, most elegant of the adult Albertan notonectids (10-12 mm), and is pale rather than all white (Brooks and Kelton 1967). The black scutellum, occasionally with light spots at the apex, and pale hemelytra blend in with the sky when seen from below. The ventral surface is dark, blending in with the sediments when seen from above. Using a microscope or powerful hand-lens, one can see its hairy central keel on the underside of the fourth abdominal sclerite. This differentiates N. undulata from the two other Albertan notonectids, N. kirbyi and N. borealis (Brooks and Kelton 1967). In the boreal region only one species, N. borealis may be confused with N. undulata. Notonecta borealis is a larger (12-14 mm) and predominantly white species, not pale yellow or light green. Other than its smaller size and thinness, brown anterior femurs differentiate N. undulata from N. borealis, which has brown coxae in addition to femurs brown on the ventral-side (Brooks and Kelton 1967). South of the Edmonton region in the Alberta prairie zones, N. kirbyi can be differentiated by size alone. It is the largest species in Canada (12-15 mm). The hemelytra of N. kirbyi are also distinctive: hemelytra membranes are black at the anterior portion but fades clear towards the tip and there are broad, cloud-like bars which stretch across the clavus to the cuneus. Alternatively, N. undulata wing membranes are pale with a large, irregular spot on the median line (Brooks and Kelton 1967). The only Albertan species of Anisopinae, Buenoa confusa, can be diffentiated from all Notonectinae by its three segmented beak and antennae, smaller size (5-8mm) and shininess (Hungerford 1917 a, b, Brooks and Kelton 1967). Notonecta undulata is synonymous with N. punctata Say, N. (Paranecta) undulata, and N. undulata var. charon Kirkaldy (Henry and Froeshner 1988)." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-Habitat 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Complete life-cycle in urban or rural open pools with plants/debris, adults feed in any lentic system." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-LifeCycle 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Eggs are 1.6-2 mm long, pearly and ovaltine with a hexagonal pattern on the chorion. Hatches after 12 days in spring, six in summer (Hungerford 1917b). Lives in primarily fishless ponds (Streams 1987). Oviposition is on the surface of plants and even large aquatic invertebrates (Hungerford 1917a,b). Ova generate after hibernation and 5 nymphal instars require ~50 days to development (Rice 1954). Adults hibernate in 10-13 centimeters deep in the benthos (Clark 1928), can survive up to six weeks in damp leaf litter (Hungerford 1917). Upper water column ambush predators lighter than water, N. undulata minimizes its swimming time by adhering to objects and capturing prey with short pro- and mesothoracic legs (Streams 1992). Pools housing mosquito larvae may be visited by adults. Conditions of low food availability and complete surface coverage by primary producers preclude N. undulata from oviposition in pools, not water turbidity (Clark 1928). Pesticides reduce survival (Relyea 2005)." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5976-TrophicStrategy 5976 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "First instar nymphs feed on small diptera, crustacea and ostracoda, and collembolan are included in the second instar (Giller 1986). The third through fifth instars prey on increasingly larger items, including mosquito, Tabanid (horse flies) and dragonfly larvae. Fifth instars are important surface scavengers and adults will eat anything they can subdue, including small fish (Clark 1928)." 1/8/07 11:59 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-ConservationStatus 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The only Canadian records are for two specimens collected in Alberta. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-Cyclicity 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The only available Alberta date is July 12. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-Distribution 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Alberta south to Texas and California. In Canada, known only from Lethbridge (McGuffin 1972) and Dinosaur Provincial Park." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-GeneralDescription 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small geometrid with unique markings and strongly pectinate antennae. The upper side is dark yellow-brown with a short, beige subapical band and checkered wing fringes. The underside is beige with silvery white markings, reminiscent of a miniature fritillary butterfly." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-Habitat 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairie badlands. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-LifeCycle 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The immature stages are undescribed. The closely related N. georgiana feeds on shrub goldenrod (Chrysoma pauciflosculosa), and fimetaria may feed on a similar species of composite. Adults are likely diurnal like those of georgiana (Covell et al. 1984), but they do come to light at least occasionally. This species may be double-brooded in Alberta, flying in May and again in July-August, as is the case for other members of the genus (Covell et al 1984)." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4320-TrophicStrategy 4320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. A closely related species feeds on shrub goldenrod. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-ConservationStatus 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "In Alberta, known only from a few sites in the Edmonton region. Rare." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-Cyclicity 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta flight dates range from late May to mid June. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-Distribution 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Central Alberta east to New Brunswick, IN, and NY (McGuffin 1987)." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-GeneralDescription 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Brown-grey ground colour with dark AM and PM lines, PM line bordered proximally with dark brown. Discal spot black. Very similar to M. duaria, but lacks the reddish brown overtones of that species. M. warnerae also has a smoother, straighter PM line than M. duaria. McGuffin (1987) states that the presence of dark shading on the inside of the PM line distinguishes warnerae from duaria, but this trait is found in both species in Alberta specimens." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-Habitat 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mesic deciduous and mixedwood boreal forest. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-LifeCycle 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "McGuffin (1987) indicates that this species is diurnal, but adults also come to lights. Virtually no life history information is available for this species. It is very rare in Alberta." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4321-TrophicStrategy 4321 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on cherry, dogwood and willows (Prunus, Cornus and Salix spp.) (McGuffin 1987)." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-ConservationStatus 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundant. 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-Cyclicity 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Most specimens in collections were collected during April and May. 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-Distribution 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Widely distributed across Canada and the northern U.S.A. 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-GeneralDescription 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adult size of D. badipes is on average between 13 and 19 mm long (Downie and Arnett, 1996). The entire dorsal surface of D. badipes is black or dark brown with black pubescence (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). Head and elytra finely but densely punctate. The femurs and tibiae are red or reddish-brown and so are the coxae. Antennae have 11 antenomeres and are also red or reddish-brown. The mandibles are reddish-brown basally but dark or nearly black apically. Each abdominal sternum (ventral surface of abdominal segments) has a transverse bar of golden pubescence on the anterior side which is sometimes not easily seen (Smetana and Davies, 2000). The tarsal formula is 5-5-5." 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-Habitat 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found under rocks and debris and also in leaf litter. Prefer to be near water (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)." 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-LifeCycle 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very little is known about the life history of D. badipes other than that its habitat is under covers of various types and located near water (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). It was successfully reared using diplopods as food source (Snider, 1984). Also, like virtually all the Staphilinini, D. badipes possess a paired eversible gland that is used for defense(Arnett and Thomas, 2000). This gland, located at the tip of the abdomen is brought in contact with the threatening agent and a defense chemical is released." 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5434-TrophicStrategy 5434 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Little is known on the diet of D. badipes other than both the adult and larvae can do well in captivity on a diet of diplopods (Polydesmus inconstants) (Snider, 1984)." 6/6/05 9:40 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5435-Cyclicity 5435 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Specimens in the Strickland Museum were collected in July, August and October." 6/6/05 10:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5435-Distribution 5435 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Widely distributed across Western Canada and the northwestern U.S.A. 6/6/05 10:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5435-GeneralDescription 5435 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult D. pleuralis are about 13mm in size. Dinothenaus pleuralis has dark red elytra. This color is also present on the antennae and the legs. The coxae are darker but have a remnant of leg color. On the scutellum, are many small patches of yellow setae anteriorly (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). Also, the first visible abdominal segment is covered with yellow setae while the other segments only have few yellow setae anteriorly." 6/6/05 10:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5435-Habitat 5435 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found under rocks, debris and in leaf litter. Prefer to be near water (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)" 6/6/05 10:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5435-LifeCycle 5435 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Like all the members of the Staphilinini tribe, D. pleuralis possesses paired eversible defensive glands located at the tip of the abdomen. If threatened, D. pleuralis brings its last abdominal segment in contact with the threat and releases a chemical mixture (often mixed with defecations) to repell its opponent." 6/6/05 10:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-ConservationStatus 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundant. 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-Cyclicity 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity More abundant in early spring but active throughout summer and fall. 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-Distribution 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Widespread and common in eastern and northwestern North America. 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-GeneralDescription 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The head and thorax of the O. cingulatus larvae are dark brown-red and the abdomen is dirty-brown color (Voris, 1939). The mature larvae can reach 25mm long and 4mm wide. The adult size range is between 13-18 mm but can reach up to 21mm. The brown body of O.cingulatus is irregularly marked with spots of heavy dark pubescence (Downie and Arnett, 1996). The tip of the abdomen is densely covered with golden-yellowish pubescence which also covers the metasternum (Downie and Arnett, 1996). Like for the other species of the genus Ontholestes, the anterior angles of the prontum are extended and angular, quite pointed (Smetana and Davies, 2000). Most of the leg is reddish-brown with the femora darker and the apex and the lateral edge usually lighter but variable (Smetana and Davies, 2000). The tarsal formula is 5-5-5. The dark red antennae have 11 segments with the last obliquely notched." 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-Habitat 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Woodland area but also open field. Adults and larvae are found on carrion, dung and decaying organic material (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)." 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-LifeCycle 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Two or three days before pupation, the larva forms a nest-like cavity in a substrate like dung or soil, encloses itself in it and pupates (Voris, 1939). The pupal period varies between 10 to 14 days (Voris, 1939). Males of the species O. cingulatus were shown to exhibit an adaptive mate-guarding behavior. The male O. cingulatus stays close to the female after copulation while she oviposits to avoid fertilization from other males (Alcock, 1991). If threatened, O.cingulatus will bring the tip of its abdomen in contact with the threat and release a chemical defense." 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5436-TrophicStrategy 5436 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "A predator of flies associated with dung and carrion but also attracted to other decaying organic matter such as fungi, fruits and vegetables." 6/6/05 11:37 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-ConservationStatus 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundance of this pest species is variable over time and space (Campbell et al. 1989). 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-Cyclicity 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Weevils are active from spring to fall, when temperatures are 10 to 24° C (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-Distribution 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species has been recorded in southern regions of most of the Canadian provinces, with the exception of Manitoba; in Alberta, records show that it occurs in the Lethbridge and Taber counties (Bright and Bouchard 2008). There are also records of the weevil in Alaska and northern British Columbia and it has been recorded as far south in North America as eastern Mexico (Bright and Bouchard 2008). This spcies was likely introduced to North America from Europe (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-GeneralDescription 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult S. hipidulus are distinguished from other adult Sitona weevils by the presence of a row of long and erect setae along the median of each elytral interstria. Eyes are weakly convex. Rostrum is without carnia. Frontal rostral groove extends from near the level of the antennal groove to above the upper eye level. Bodies are stout, ranging in length from 3.2 to 4.0 mm. Bodies are black, while antennae, tarsi and tibiae are a dark reddish black colour. The pronotum is wider than it is long, widest in the middle and strongly arcuate. The pronotal surface is shiny with large scattered deep punctures, each puncture possessing an erect seta. The groove on the prosternum is evident between the fore coxae and the anterior of the prosternum. The elytra are parallel for two thirds of the length and may be slightly arcuate. The elytral surface has large strial punctures that are not visible due to dense surface scales. The vestiture consists of dense, small scales, completely covering the interstriae and striae and includes median interstrial rows of erect, long and hair-like setae. Scales may be light brown, forming indistinct brownish spots. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)" 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-Habitat 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Agricultural systems where clover, alfalfa, vetch and sweet clover are found (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-LifeCycle 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Eggs, larvae and adults of this univoltine species all have the potential to overwinter (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). Overwintering occurs beneath clover and alfalfa debris (Campbell et al. 1989). Unlike S. lineatus and S. cylindricollis, new generation weevil adults are not sexually immature; therefore, mating and oviposition may occur in the autumn (Campbell et al. 1989). Migration to and from overwintering locations occurs largely by walking, as individuals of this species tend to be weak fliers (Campbell et al. 1989). Peak weevil activities, including mating, migrating, egg-laying and feeding occur when mean daily temperatures range between 10 and 24° C (Campbell et al. 1989), and Culik and Weaver (1994) identified three peak times of crawling activity, occurring in April/May, mid-June to mid-July and September to mid-November. Eggs may be laid at temperatures as low as 4° C at night or during daylight hours, and are deposited at the bases of plants, under debris, or on stems, stipules and leaves (Bigger 1930, Campbell et al. 1989). On average, 167 eggs are produced per female (Bigger 1930). Incubation times are dependent upon the geographic region inhabited, and range from 6 days to several weeks (Campbell et al. 1989). If laid in autumn, eggs do not hatch until spring (Bigger 1930). Larvae feed upon roots and root nodules for a total of five larval instars, the duration of larval feeding varies between regions (Tan and Hower 1991). Early instars feed within root nodules and later instars leave the nodules and feed on fibrous root tissues (Campbell et al. 1989, Tan and Hower 1991). Pupation occurs in the soil, within 8 cm of the soil surface, and adults emerge as early as late June in the United States (Bigger 1930), with emergence continuing throughout the summer." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31243-TrophicStrategy 31243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed upon the roots and root nodules of red clover (Trifolium pretense), white clover (Trifolium repens) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (Murray and Clements 1994, Murray and Clements 1995). Root nodules are often destroyed and taproots may be girdled (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). Adults feed on leaves of clover and alfalfa plants, creating crescent shaped notches along the leaf margin (Campbell et al. 1989, Barratt and Byers 1992)." 1/15/09 8:45 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-ConservationStatus 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Probably of no concern. 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-Cyclicity 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Early July to mid August. 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-Distribution 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western North American species. Described by Barnes & McDunnough (1918) from a specimen from Tuolumne Meadows, California. Recorded from two Counties in the California Moth Specimen Database. Not reported for Alberta by Bowman (1951) and unknown in the Province until a specimen was reported from the Caribou Mountains in Schmidt et al. (2004)." 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-GeneralDescription 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A larger crambid with porrect labial palps. Males have a 24-27 mm wingspan while females are smaller with a wingspan of 19-25 mm. The palps and head are smoky white. The thorax and forewings are brown with a slight reddish tinge. The forewings are evenly colored except for faint median and subterminal cross lines. The terminal space is of the same color as the rest of the forewings and it contains three or four dark dots. The fringes are of the same color as the rest of the forewings. The hindwings are pale smoky brown with a thin basal line next to the smoky gray fringe. G. Balogh kindly provided the attached drawing of the male genitalia. Genitalia from several Alberta specimens matched that of the drawing. Originally described as Crambus ericellus (Barnes & McDunnough 1918). A European species, Crambus ericella Hübner, is not related." 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-Habitat 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mainly prairies and aspen parkland. 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-LifeCycle 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults fly at night and come to light. 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5852-TrophicStrategy 5852 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. It is likely that the larvae feed on the roots of grasses. 4/7/06 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4811-ConservationStatus 4811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4811-Cyclicity 4811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity All of the adults were collected in June. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4811-GeneralDescription 4811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Member of the coxendix group (subgenus Odontium). Black, upper surface rather shiny, bronze or aeneous; 1st antennal segment and base of 2nd-4th and at least tibiae rufous. Prothorax broad and markedly cordiform; latero-basal carinula rudimentary. Elytral striae with rather strong and dense, slightly transverse punctures; intervals moderately convex. Length 4.5 to 6.7 mm." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4811-Habitat 4811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Adults ocur on bare, soft clay-flats of the river bank." 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4811-TrophicStrategy 4811 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both larvae and adults are predatory. 7/16/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-ConservationStatus 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Neottiglossa undata is very common. 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-Cyclicity 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults can be found from June to August (McPherson 1982). 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-Distribution 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Neottiglossa undata ranges across Canada and the United States. It ranges from Alaska to California (Scudder 2004). 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-GeneralDescription 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Neottiglossa undata is elongate, oval and ranges from 4.5-6.0mm. The head is triangular and relatively flat. It is pale yellow to brown with shallow black punctures. There is a slightly raised yellow median line extending from base of clypeus to the apex of the scutellum. Antennae are reddish yellow with the third antennal segment three quarters the length of the second. Leg segments are brown but the base of each femur is pale. They can be distinguished from N. trilineata by smaller size and widespread pale areas on propleura and dorsal surface of head (McPherson 1982)." 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-Habitat 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in grassy habitats across North America (Scudder 2004). 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-LifeCycle 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Overwinter as adults (McPherson 1982). 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5902-TrophicStrategy 5902 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Neottiglossa undata feeds on blue-grass, timothy, red clover, mullein and riverside grape (Blatchley 1926). They also feed on Verbascum species of Scrophulariaceae and Vitis species of Vitaceae (Rider 2005)." 6/19/06 9:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5903-ConservationStatus 5903 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Neottiglossa trilineata is uncommon (McPherson 1982). 6/19/06 9:46 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5903-Cyclicity 5903 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults can be found between June and August. 6/19/06 9:46 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5903-Distribution 5903 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Neottiglossa trilineata ranges from Nova Scotia west to British Columbia (McPherson 1982). It ranges across the United States with its northern most range in Alaska and southern most range in California (Scudder 2004). 6/19/06 9:46 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5903-GeneralDescription 5903 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Neottiglossa trilineata is elongate, oval and 5.5-6.0 mm long. The head is black or brownish black with deep black punctures. It is triangularly shaped lacking swollen juga. The pronotum and scutellum have a pale median line that extends from base to apex. The elytra and base of pronotum are dull yellow. The legs are yellow with femora and tibia having black lines or spots. The beak just about reaches hind coxae. Neottiglossa trilineata can be distinguished from N. undata because of its larger size darker colouring and absence of line on clypeus (McPherson 1982)." 6/19/06 9:46 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5903-Habitat 5903 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in grassy habitats across North America (Scudder 2004). 6/19/06 9:46 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-ConservationStatus 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status In Alberta known only from the Wainwright sand dunes complex. Widespread in the East. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-Cyclicity 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The single Alberta record is for mid July. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-Distribution 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern species, recently found as far west as east-central Alberta." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-GeneralDescription 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A robust, mainly black and creamy-white moth. Similar to Biston betularia, but the median area of N. quernaria is darker, not concolorous with the outer third of the wing. N. quernaria also has diffuse light tan patches along the wing margin, lacking in betularia." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-Habitat 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Aspen-cherry shrubland. 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-LifeCycle 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The caterpillar is rather short and stout for a geometrid, and varies in colour from grey to brown or greenish (Wagner et al. 2001). Pupae hibernate. Adults are nocturnal and come to light." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4322-TrophicStrategy 4322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on a variety of hardwood trees. Reported hosts which occur in Alberta include white birch (Betula papyrifera), willow (Salix spp.), poplars (Populus spp.) and cherry (Prunus spp.)." 2/19/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-ConservationStatus 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Of no concern. 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-Cyclicity 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to mid July. 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-Distribution 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A North American species. Fernald (1896) reported it from Ontario, Maine, New York, North Carolina, Illinois, Missouri, Colorado, Arizona and California. Also known from South Dakota (McDaniel (1984), Michigan (1996) and Quebec and Labrador (Handfield 1997). In Alberta, Bowman (1951) reported it from the Edmonton area. It, however, is widespread in the prairies and aspen parkland and even in the boreal forest." 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-GeneralDescription 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium sized crambid (13-24 mm wingspan). Forewing varying from yellowish brown to rich brown; median and subterminal lines weak; subterminal line angled inwards near the top; terminal line very indistinct, sometimes consisting of only a row of 3-5 dark dots; apex slightly produced. Hind wing smoky brown (fuscous). Referred to as Crambus luteolellus Clem. in Hodges (1983) but placed in the genus Neodactria, along with C. caliginosella and C. zeella by Landry (1995). The latter two entities appear to fall within the range of variation of luteolella, caliginosella having darker and zeella lighter forewings. Specimens of the latter two entities in the Strickland Museum appear to be luteolella. Somewhat similar to Pediasia ericella but the latter is larger (wingspan 25-30 mm). Also somewhat similar to Occidentalia comptulatalis but the forewing of the latter has a rounded apex." 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-Habitat 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Grassland areas. 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-LifeCycle 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown locally. The early stages have been described by Felt (1894). Single brooded. 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4344-TrophicStrategy 4344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown locally. Fernald (1896) says grass. 3/3/04 0:00 2/6/15 13:37 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-ConservationStatus 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon in Alberta which is at the northern and eastern edge of its range. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-Cyclicity 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from late June through July. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-Distribution 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Alberta and British Columbia south to Colorado and northern California. In Alberta it has been collected in the southern parts of the shortgrass prairie region, northwest to the foothills near Calgary." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-GeneralDescription 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (4.0-4.4 cm wingspan). Forewings grey-brown, somewhat mottled with coppery brown or paler grey patches. Basal and antemedian lines poorly defined, often doubled, postmedian line usually not doubled, obscure and shortly toothed at the veins. Orbicular spot large, circular, and it and the reniform spot each have a dark outer ring, pale inner ring and a dark center. The short claviform is usually discernable. Terminal area slightly darker than rest of wing; fringe concolorous. Hindwings pale grey or dirty white suffused with smoky brown, heaviest toward the margin, and with a small discal spot and white fringes with a brown basal line. Female hindwings with more dark suffusion than male. Very similar to E. pleuritica, but larger, darker brown on all wings, and males with shorter saccular extensions. Also very similar to E. pestula, which is smaller, darker and usually has clearer markings. \n\nEuxoa simona belongs to the subgenus Pleonectopoda, characterized by the prominent twist or subbasal coil in the vesica of the male. There are no characters that can be used to identify females as members of the subgenus. Keys to the subgenus and species are presented in Lafontaine, 1987.\n" 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-Habitat 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Primarily montane grasslands, but also on the arid ""high plains"" grasslands." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-LifeCycle 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single annual brood, and the adults come to lights. The immature stages are unknown." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4247-TrophicStrategy 4247 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "No data. Related species of Euxoa, where known, are general feeders on a variety of low broad-leaved plants." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-ConservationStatus 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status An uncommon but fairly widespread species; no obvious concerns. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-Cyclicity 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in August. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-Distribution 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Yukon south in the mountains to New Mexico and Arizona, and northeastern California. Subspecies basiflava occurs from southern Yukon south through the mountains of southern Alberta and British Columbia, west to northeastern California. In Alberta, rufula has been collected in the foothills and mountains." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-GeneralDescription 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.0-3.4 cm wingspan) stubby-winged dark red-brown moth. The basal and postmedian areas are paler than the remainder of the wing. The cubital vein is lightly marked with paler scales, and there is a row of black sagitate marks just inside the subterminal line. The orbicular and reniform spots are finely outlined with black scales, lined inside with pale scales. The hindwings are sooty brown. \n\nThe small size and ruddy coloration separate rufula from most similar Euxoa, but see also E. intrita. Questionable specimens may be identified using genital characters. The uncus of rufula is very broad and flattened dorsoventrally, and the setae on the dorsal surface are stouter than those near the apex on the ventral surface, which is unique in the Euxoa. The female has an oval unisaccate bursa and lacks flanges on the ovipositor lobes. \n" 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-Habitat 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry montane coniferous forest. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-LifeCycle 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. There is a single brood each year and the adults are nocturnal and attracted to light. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4248-TrophicStrategy 4248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No data. Related species of Euxoa are general feeders on low-growing plants. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-ConservationStatus 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, an occasional minor pest throughout its range." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-Cyclicity 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Unknown in Canada, in New York state from late April to early May." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-Distribution 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec, Ontario south to Washington DC and west to Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Alberta." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-GeneralDescription 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: Small sawflies. 4.0 mm long. Mostly black, ventral surface of antennae occasionally whitish. Male thorax yellow-orange, black meso- and metanotum and yellow-orange abdomen. Female thorax black, posterior margin of pronotum white and abdomen black. All sawflies of this group posses an ovipositor modified to be used as a saw to facilitate the deposition of eggs under the surface of leaves. The serrula (teeth) of the lancet (saw) differs from other North American Profenusa, lobe-like and without basal teeth. (Smith 1971).\n\nLarvae: Broad at anterior end tapering to posterior, slightly dorso-ventrally flattened and white. 6 instars, length and head widths as below for instars 1 -5; \n\nLength\t(mm)\t\tHead Width (mm)\n1st \t1.2 - 2.3 \t\t0.36 - 0.42 \n2nd \t2.6 - 3.0 \t\t0.48 - 0.55 \n3rd \t3.2 - 4.3 \t\t0.63 - 0.73 \n4th \t4.5 - 7.2 \t\t0.80 - 0.90 \n5th \t6.5 - 7.5 \t\t0.92 - 1.07 \n\n6th similar in length to 5th, head 0.90 – 1.05 mm (Adapted from Parrot and Fulton 1915). Ventral surface of thorax lacking the dark markings found on other North American Profenusa. (Smith 1971)." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-Habitat 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Unknown for adults, larva feeders on ornamental hawthorn and in cherry orchards." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-LifeCycle 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Parrot and Fulton (1915) and Hamilton (1943) described the life history for this species in New York state. Adults emerge in late April or early May and mate soon after. Females deposit eggs at the leaf margin and towards the bottom portion of the leaf, and may prefer newly unfolded leaves. Eggs hatch 5 - 10 days later and larvae begin to feed with in the leaf. Larvae mine towards the tip of the leaf (Parrot and Fulton 1915). Development to final instar takes 3 - 4 weeks. Larval feeding creates a blotch shaped mine that is more apparent on the upper surface. The under surface may later crinkle and turn brown. Pupation occurs underground, the larvae exit the leaf via a hole cut in the upper surface and construct a cocoon of earth and ‘cement' (Parrot and Fulton 1915) several centimetres deep." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5777-TrophicStrategy 5777 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on members of the Rosaceae are recorded from Crataegus (hawthorn) and Prunus (Cherry) from one variety, English Morello. Interestingly, other cherries are not recorded as a host, even when grown in orchards alongside English Morello. (Parrot 1915)." 8/16/05 11:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-ConservationStatus 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "A rare and local dune species, known from less than five sites in Alberta." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-Cyclicity 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in late July and August. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-Distribution 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From southwestern Manitoba to southern Alberta, south to west Texas. In Alberta found west to Lethbridge and north to the Lloydminster region." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-GeneralDescription 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.5 - 3.9 cm wingspan) long-winged greenish grey-brown or olive-tan moth. Markings consist of a series of dark points on each vein marking the postmedian and antemedian lines. There is often paler longitudinal shading along the costa, through the reniform and below the cubital vein. The hindwing is grey with a pale fringe. Females are larger than males. Alberta specimens belong to the nominate subspecies.\n" 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-Habitat 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Sand dunes. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-LifeCycle 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larvae live buried about 2.5 cm deep in the soil adjacent to the host plant. The apparently feed below the soil. The larvae pupate in the soil, emerging about two and a half weeks later. There is a single annual brood. Adults are nocturnal and are attracted to light." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5313-TrophicStrategy 5313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae in the Pakowki Lake dunes in southern Alberta were feeding on shoots and young stems of wild rose (Rosa sp.) (Seamans, 1925)." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-ConservationStatus 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Uncommon in Alberta, but a widespread species. No reason for concern." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-Cyclicity 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta collected from the latter half of May through mid June. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-Distribution 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, occurring from southern Alberta west into BC, south to at least California and Arizona. In Alberta it has been collected along the eastern parts of the South Saskatchewan and Red Deer River valleys." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-GeneralDescription 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx 2.5 cm wingspan) broad-winged brownish-grey geometrid moth. The forewings are crossed by an incomplete antemedian and complete and prominent postmedian line, buff-yellow in color and, the latter also reappearing across the lower half of the hindwings. There is a well-developed discal spot on each forewing, and a less distinct one on the hindwings. In males in particular there is usually a series of poorly defined dark spots or blotches marking the median line and crossing the forewings distad to the postmedian line. The veins on the outer half of the forewings are finely lined by pale yellow scales. The pale yellow postmedian lines across both wings lacking a border of dark scales can be used to separate irrorata from other Alberta Digrammia species (i.e. D. mellistrigata)." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-Habitat 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta found in shrubby areas along river valleys of the arid grasslands region. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-LifeCycle 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5315-TrophicStrategy 5315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Apparently unknown. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-ConservationStatus 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The pea leaf weevil is a pest in all regions where it occurs. 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-Cyclicity 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults migrate in spring to host plants and in autumn before overwintering (Fisher and O’Keeffe 1979a). 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-Distribution 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species occurs throughout Europe, including the United Kingdom, Poland and Germany and northern Africa (Jackson 1920, Hans 1959). In North America, it is found in southern British Columbia, the northwestern United States including Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho (Downes 1938, Bright and Bouchard 2008), and Florida (Bloem et al. 2002). It also occurs in southern Alberta, where it has been found as far north as Olds, and Saskatchewan (Coles et al. 2008)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-GeneralDescription 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Body length ranges from 3.2 to 4.5 mm. Integument is generally black or light brown, with variations. Antennae, tibia and tarsi may be reddish, these also vary. Rostrum is flat, but lower third is bisulcate with indistinct median carnia located between apical concavities. Rostral surface is shiny, with deep and close punctures, each puncture possesses a slightly erect and narrow scale. Recumbent scales are located in the interpucture spaces. Eyes are moderately convex. Pronotum is widest slightly behind the mid-line, sides are arcuate, anterior constriction line is only weakly evident. Surface of pronotum is shiny, with many close and deeply impressed punctures, with scales as on the rostrum. The prosternal groove touches the fore-coxae cavities. Vestiture of elytra with intermixed elongate and small scales and recumbent to slightly erect flattened setae that are as long as or slightly longer than the scales. Setae and scales occur in approximately equal numbers. Stripe pattern is variable, with white scales often on striae 3, 5, and 7, and brown scales on 2, 4, and 6. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)\nAdults of Sitona lineatus are distinguished from their close relatives by the elytra stripe pattern that extends onto the pronotum. When weevils have lost the scales that form the stripe pattern, due to age or activity, they can be easily distinguished by examining the ventral surface of the pronotum. The fore-coxal cavities touch, or nearly touch, a narrow groove located on the ventral surface of the pronotum. In all other Sitona species, the fore-coxae do not touch this groove. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)" 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-Habitat 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Pisum sativum (field pea) and Vicia faba (faba beans) agricultural production systems (Jackson 1920). 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-LifeCycle 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults overwinter in shelterbelts and fields where perennial legumes (secondary hosts) are found (Jackson 1920, Murray and Clements 1992). Secondary hosts may be consumed during the overwintering period when temperatures are mild (Murray and Clements 1992). Spring migration begins after temperatures reach a 12° C threshold, and is achieved via flight (Fisher and O’Keeffe 1979a, Hamon et al.1987). Mating and oviposition begin after primary hosts are located in spring and continues until mid-August, when the overwintered generation begins to die out (Jackson 1920). One adult female may lay between 500 and 3000 eggs, which are scattered upon the soil surface as she feeds (Jackson 1920). Eggs are white when first deposited, and melanize within 24 hours (Schotzko and O’Keeffe 1986). The incubation period is dependent upon moisture and temperature levels (Lerin 2004). Larvae occupy root nodules of the primary host, where they consume Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteria that fix nitrogen (Jackson 1920, Johnson and O’Keeffe 1981). Inside the nodules, larvae are also protected from disease and predation. Pupation occurs in the soil. New generation adults begin emerging in mid-July and feed until temperatures drop (Jackson 1920; Hoebeke and Wheeler 1985)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31241-TrophicStrategy 31241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are restricted to feeding on the root nodules of two primary host plants: Pisum sativum (field pea) and Vicia faba (faba bean), where they consume the nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae bacteria in root nodules (Jackson 1920, Landon et al. 1995). Secondary hosts of adults include most other legume species, with possible exceptions including the common bean and lentils (Fisher and O’Keeffe 1979b & 1979c, Schotzko and O’Keeffe 1988)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-ConservationStatus 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Unknown, many specimens in collections are misidentified." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-Cyclicity 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to Mid August. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-Distribution 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Quebec, south to California, Illinois, and Pennsylvania." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-GeneralDescription 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is straw yellow to light brown with abundant darker brown fine reticulations throughout. Bands in the basal, median, and upper subterminal areas are distinctly edged in brown and may be shaded with darker brown, especially towards the costa, though the amount of shading varies from none to fully shaded. The hindwing is straw yellow with a light grey inner half.\nThis rarely collected species is similar to the vastly more common C. rosaceana but lacks the small triangular costal fold." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-Habitat 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Not commonly collected but most Alberta specimens have been collected from dunes. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30551-TrophicStrategy 30551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds on Ceanothus, Sweet-fern (Comptonia peregrina), blueberry (Vaccinium sp.), rose (Rosa sp.), strawberry (Fragraria sp.), clover (Trifolium sp.), Symphoricarpos sp. (Freeman 1958)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-ConservationStatus 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A widespread but seldom collected species; no concern. 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-Cyclicity 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in late July. 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-Distribution 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western Alberta to northwestern BC, south to Arizona and New Mexico." 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-GeneralDescription 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (2.5 cm wingspan), wasp-like clearwing moth. The head and body are dark black-brown, with the palps, fringe of the head and the dorsal side of the thorax marked with pale yellow hairs. The abdomen has three or four narrow, pale yellow bands. The forewing is hyaline (without scales) except along the veins and fringe. The veins are lined with dark grey or brown scales, mixed with paler yellow and rust ones. The discal mark is prominent and filled with bright yellow-orange scales, and with a narrow partial border of black-brown scales on the basal side. The hindwings also lack scales except for the fringe and the vein lining. The scales covering the veins are mixed with pale yellow and rust ones, in particular along the basal half of the wings. The multiple narrow yellow bands on the abdomen, the bright red-orange discal bar and the lack of infilling of the area beyond the discal bar on the forewing tip will separate giliae from the other similar-sized Alberta clearwing moths." 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-Habitat 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mid to high elevation montane meadows. 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-LifeCycle 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "No Alberta data. Poorly known. Like all sesiids, the larvae are undoubtedly borers in the host plant. A female was observed ovipositing on wild Geranium, and sesiid larvae have been obtained from the roots of wild Geranium on more than one occasion, but none have been successfully reared to adults (Englehardt, 1946)." 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4036-TrophicStrategy 4036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Apparently a borer in the roots of wild Geranium (Geranium sp.). 12/3/03 0:00 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5906-ConservationStatus 5906 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Coenus delius is common east of the Rocky Mountains (Rider 1995). 6/19/06 11:38 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5906-Cyclicity 5906 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults can be found from June to August. 6/19/06 11:38 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5906-GeneralDescription 5906 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Coenus delius has red brown to dark brown antennae with the fifth segment being the darkest. There is a pale median line on the pronotum and scutellum. Along the anterior margins of the pronotum there are dense black punctures and the edges are covex. The rostrum reaches the metacoxae and the cheeks and clypeus are nearly equal in length. Maculations on the legs are brown, uniform and sparse. The tarsi are three segmented. The abdominal segments three through five are lacking in pale areas. It is slightly smaller than the other two species of Coenus and there is a median tooth on the pygophore which is distinctive to C.delius (Rider 2005)." 6/19/06 11:38 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5906-Habitat 5906 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in grassy habitats. 6/19/06 11:38 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5906-TrophicStrategy 5906 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Coenus delius feeds on several different species of Poaceae, Fabaceae and Scrophulariaceae. They also feed specifically on Mentha spicata, Pinus species and Polygonum species (Rider 2005 )." 6/19/06 11:38 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-ConservationStatus 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Rare in Alberta, at the extreme eastern edge of its range." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-Cyclicity 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The only Alberta specimen was collected September 8. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-Distribution 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North America west of the Continental Divide, from southern BC and extreme southwestern Alberta south to California and southwestern Arizona. In Alberta it has been collected only in the Crowsnest Pass near Hillcrest. Specimens in the UASM collection labeled Lethbridge were disected and found to be misidentified." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-GeneralDescription 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (4.0 cm wingspan) dull brownish grey moth with darker grey-black markings. The forewing is crossed by doubled AM line and PM lines. The round orbicular and kidney-shaped reniform spots are lighter grey, with the area before, between and just distad of the spots filled with black. The hindwings are light grey-brown, darker toward the outer margin. Euxoa septentrionalis is most similar to E. messoria. It can usually be separated from messoria by the darker markings and by the round, not oval, orbicular spot. Questionable specimens can be readily separated by genitalic characters. Males have the right saccular extension flattened and ""shovel-shaped""; in messoria it is tapered apically. Lafontaine (1987) illustrates both adults and the genitalia of both sexes." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-Habitat 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry montane. 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-LifeCycle 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. There is a single annual brood, and adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larvae and other immature stages are unknown." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4249-TrophicStrategy 4249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "There are no host data for septentrionalis, but like most Euxoa they are likely generalists on low growing herbs." 2/1/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-ConservationStatus 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-Cyclicity 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Alberta flight dates range from late May to early August, possibly indicating two broods." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-Distribution 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Southern Alberta and BC south through the western US to Mexico (McGuffin 1987). 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-GeneralDescription 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively large geometrid, with striking white and light grey forewing pattern. Median band with sinuate borders and a large white discal spot, light grey wing margin with a white subterminal line, wing fringe checkered black and white. Hindwing white with a loose band of median and subterminal speckling, more pronounced on the underside. Females slightly smaller.\nThe Sagebrush Girdle is similar to Caripeta species, but none of the Caripeta are pale silver-grey and white like trilinearia, and inhabit conifer forests rather than sagebrush grasslands. \n" 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-Habitat 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Sagebrush flats and prairie badlands. 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-LifeCycle 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This graceful moth is one the few geometrids which are restricted to prairie habitats; the pale silver-grey colouration matches that of its surroundings of sagebrush and prairie. Except for the egg, the immature stages are undescribed (McGuffin 1987)." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4486-TrophicStrategy 4486 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval hostplant is unconfirmed, but the sister species P. personaria feeds on Artemisia tridentata, a plant with which trilinearia is closely associated in Alberta and BC (Anderson 1923)." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-ConservationStatus 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A fairly common species; no concerns. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-Cyclicity 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid June through mid July. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-Distribution 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Eastern Manitoba west to the Alberta foothills, north to about Lloydminster and south to southern Colorado. In Alberta found throughout the grasslands and southern foothills, north to the Edmonton and Lloyminster areas." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-GeneralDescription 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size (3.6 - 4.0 cm wingspan) blue-grey moth with prominent but variable darker grey or black banding and streaking. The normal lines are usually well-marked, in particular the antemedian and postmedian lines. The orbicular spot is nearly obsolete, but the reniform is marked by a patch of black scales. The veins are lighter than the ground, and there is usually darker scaling between them, resulting in a streaky appearance. The hindwings are white, shading slightly darker toward the outer margin. There is a prominent and contrasting jet-black prothoracic collar, slightly crescent-shaped, which will distinguish it from similar species. The related E. exuberans also has a black collar, but is paler grey or brown and lacks the lines across the wings. The larvae are described in Lafontaine (2004).\n\nThe genus Euagrotis was recently sunk to subgeneric status under Anicla. \n" 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-Habitat 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry native grasslands. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-LifeCycle 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5355-TrophicStrategy 5355 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae have been reared on wheat, but are believed to feed naturally on a variety of grasses (Lafontaine, 2004)." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-ConservationStatus 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently a concern. The taiga bluet is one of the most common damselfly species in Canada. 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-Cyclicity 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly late-May to mid-August depending on the location. 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-Distribution 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Found coast-to-coast throughout most of Canada and the northern United States. Records from as far north as Alaska and south to Arizona. It is one of the most widely distributed damselfly species in North America and the most northerly along with the subarctic bluet (C. interrogatum). 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-GeneralDescription 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The taiga bluet has pale blue to almost turquoise colouration (Westfall and May 1996). It is similar in size and proportions to the subarctic bluet (C. interrogatum) but has different colour patterns and markings (Walker 1953). Males do not have a black mark on the underside of the thorax like that which is found on the subarctic bluet (Westfall and May 1996). On each side of the top of the thorax are narrow blue stripes (appear to be on their shoulders) that are sometimes broken and resemble an exclamation mark. These shoulder strips are narrower than the black strips below and come to point above the dot in the exclamation mark (Westfall and May 1996). Abdominal segments are mostly pale blue on top and yellowish-green on bottom with distinctive markings: segments 1 and 2 have narrow dark rings; segment 2 has a black U-shape on top with arms of the U on each side of the segment; segments 3 and 4 segments are blue at the end; half of segment 5 and segments 6 and 7 form one large black ring; segments 8 and 9 are blue and the terminal segment is black (Walker 1953, Cannings 2002, Acorn 2004). Female taiga bluets can be coloured like the males or yellow-green to brownish (Walker 1953). Females do not have a black mark on the underside of the thorax. Most of the abdomen is dark with pale rings, some in the mid-abdomen are interrupted, more prominent on the terminal segments (Walker 1953, Westfall and May 1996, Acorn 2004). ). Taiga bluets are small to medium damselflies that can be just over 3 cm in length.\nLarvae of the taiga bluet are difficult to distinguish from the other Eurasian bluets (C. angulatum and C. interrogatum) or even American bluets (genus Enallagma) or forktails (genus Ischnura). \nThe taiga bluet has no obvious characters that allows for identification in the field; two published keys use very finely detailed characters (Baker and Clifford 1980, Canning and Canning 1980). Coenagrion larvae are of average stature with the posterior margin of the head rounded and eyes not very prominent (Walker 1953)." 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-Habitat 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Small ponds, roadside ditches, marshes, streams – anywhere with grassy or marshy borders. Prefer shaded habitats." 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-LifeCycle 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Sawchyn and Gillott (1975) performed a detailed study on the biology of taiga bluets in Saskatchewan. Females lay soft, creamy-white eggs during June and July in cuts made in living, aquatic plant tissue. Embryonic development takes 2 to 3 weeks. Larvae develop rapidly and near completion by October. Baker (1981) reported that taiga bluet larvae have a hierarchy of dominance where they aggressively defend preferable feeding sites They over-winter in one of the final three stages (instars) of development, frozen in the ice that forms in their shallow habitat. The larvae intentionally place themselves where they become embedded in the ice but do not freeze. The larvae remain dormant until April when the ice melts and then continues development. Larvae leave the water to become adults by mid-June. This adaptation may not be necessary in the southern part of the range. Newly emerged adults disperse from the larval habitat to feed and mature. Maturation requires about 1 week and mating occurs away from the water, oviposition occurs within 2 weeks of adult emergence. Oviposition occurs with the male still attached to the female. Eggs are always deposited above the water surface on floating or emergent vegetation. Baker and Clifford (1981) reported that taiga bluets can take two years to complete their life cycle as opposed to the one observed by Sawchyn and Gillott (1975)." 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5858-TrophicStrategy 5858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults feed on flies (e.g. midges) (Sawchyn and Gillott 1975). Larval diet consists of fly larvae, water fleas, other odonate larvae and assorted invertebrates (Baker and Clifford 1981)." 4/10/06 13:36 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-ConservationStatus 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not at risk (COSEWIC, June 2005)." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-Cyclicity 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Males collected mid-May to July, females mid-May to October, and egg sacs June to early October." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-Distribution 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Pardosa tesquorum has a holarctic distribution (Platnick, 1989), with collections from Alaska, west to northern Québec, south to Utah and northern New Mexico, and also from Siberia and Kamchatka (Dondale & Redner, 1986)." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-GeneralDescription 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Pardosa tesquorum looks similar to other Pardosa, with a dark reddish brown to black carapace that has a few radiating black lines, and pale median and submarginal bands, which are often indistinct or absent, especially anteriorly and in the male, and are thus not particularly useful characters to rely upon for identification. The sternum is dark brown to black, but sometimes has a yellow stripe down the middle at the anterior. The chelicerae are dark with pale, longitudinal streaks, and with two teeth on the retromargin of the fang furrow. (These will not be seen without a microscope.) The legs are orange with black streaks, and indistinct rings on the femora. The female has lighter legs and more distinct black rings than the male. The abdomen is almost black dorsally, but with a large pale heart mark, and a series of pale chevrons. The underside is yellow or gray, and darker toward the middle (Dondale & Redner, 1986). The female (length = 5.69 +/- 0.63 mm) is slightly longer than the male (length = 4.83 +/- 0.44 mm), with a slightly wider carapace (1.98 +/- 0.13 mm) than the male (1.83 +/- 0.15 mm). In order to distinguish P. tesquorum from other Pardosa, it is necessary to look at palpal and epigynal characteristics. The male palp is unique because of its terminal apophysis, which is broad and flat, and because of the slender curved hook on its palea. The epigynum is unique because of its median septum. This is broadest level with the copulatory openings, tapered anteriorly, and has deeply indented lateral margins of the epigynal plate (Dondale & Redner, 1986)." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-Habitat 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Shrubs at forest edges, prairie grassland, beaches, quarries, dry creek beds, talus slopes, tundra." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-LifeCycle 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Likely produces more than one egg sac, and has a two-year life cycle in the northern part of its range, and a one-year life cycle in the southern part of its range (Pickavance, 2001)." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5859-TrophicStrategy 5859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Like other wolf spiders, Pardosa tesquorum hunts actively, by pouncing on prey and holding it with its front legs, while mashing it up with its chelicerae (Gertsch, 1979) and is a general predator on arthropods, including insects and other spiders." 4/10/06 14:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-ConservationStatus 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Unknown, known from very few sites in Alberta." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-Cyclicity 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Late June to mid July in Alberta, two generations from March to December in areas further south (Razowski 1979)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-Distribution 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "British Columbia and Alberta, south to California. In Alberta found in mountain passes along the British Columbia border." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-GeneralDescription 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The most prominent markings on the forewing are the slanted broad median band and triangle on the costa short of the apex which are medium to dark brown. The ground colour of the forewing varies from pale grey to medium brown. The basal patch is normally faintly indicated, though may occasionally be as dark and prominent as the median band. Fine brown spots are normally present through the pale part of the wing and are often organized into lines. The hindwing is very pale breyish or brownish.\nThe larva is pale with a yellow head that has dark pigment in the ocellar area. The pinacula are fairly large and have long setae. (Mackay 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-Habitat 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Montane grasslands. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-LifeCycle 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The larva constructs a leaf shelter on the hostplant (Razowski 1979) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19423-TrophicStrategy 19423 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds mainly upon California Figwort (Scrophularia californica), but also woundwort (Stachys sp.), artichoke (Cynaria cardunculus), and cyclamen (Cyclamen sp.). (Razowski 1979)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-ConservationStatus 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, a minor pest in some areas." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-Cyclicity 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Mid June to mid August in Alberta, from March to November with many broods per year elsewhere (Razowski 1979)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-Distribution 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south to Florida and California." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-GeneralDescription 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is light brown with fine dark reticulations throughout. Dark brown edges the basal edge and normally fills a broad median line, though can be faded towards the inner margin. A postmedian band has a fine line leading from the costa to the anal angle, but is normally only filled with dark brown near the costa. The hindwing is whitish with light greyish brown especially around the edges.\nThe larva is pale with a brownish yellow head with some black near the stemma and a dark brown bar laterally. The thoracic shield varies from brownish yellow to yellow and the legs have some brown markings on them as do the small pinacula. (MacKay 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-Habitat 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Uncommon to common in open areas with abundant vegetation. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-LifeCycle 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "It overwinters as either a larva or pupa. The larva feeds on the living plants, but may show a preference to dead parts of of the plants. (Razowski 1979)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28535-TrophicStrategy 28535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva feeds on strawberries (Fragaria spp.) (Freeman 1958). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-ConservationStatus 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare. 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-Cyclicity 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid to late August. 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-Distribution 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Previously known from Manitoba, New Mexico, Utah and Colorado (Heinrich 1923). The Manitoba record was probably made in a sand dune area near Aweme by Norman Criddle. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951). Known in Alberta from the Pakowki dunes where it was collected in 16 August 2006 and identified by Jason Dombroskie and from the Edgerton dunes where it was collected in 24 August 2002 by Gary Anweiler (ver. C. D. Ferris)." 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-GeneralDescription 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspread 26-30 mm. A strikingly beautiful moth with dorsal fore wings having longitudinal silver stripes over a red ground color, and darker hind wings which lack the silver stripes (see the image). Described by Grote (1880), TL Colorado. The male genitalia are illustrated by Heinrich (1923). Very similar to Eucosma ridingsana which has a similar pattern of silver stripes (see illustration in Ferris 2005), except that the ground color of the fore wings is reddish rather than yellowish." 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-Habitat 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Both Alberta collections are from sand dune areas. 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-LifeCycle 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light. 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6401-TrophicStrategy 6401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown. Heinrich (1923) mentions that the larvae of the related E. ridingsana have been found feeding in the roots of greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus). In Alberta, greasewood is known from the Pakowki area but not as far north as Edgerton. Hetz and Werner (1979) found the larvae of E. ridingsana feeding on the roots of broomweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) which is more widespread in Alberta and it, perhaps, may be the larval food plant of E. fernaldana." 5/1/08 8:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-ConservationStatus 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-Cyclicity 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Strickland Museum specimens (mostly from Alberta) were captured from May-July, with most in June." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-Distribution 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Strickland Museum specimens include exemplars from AB, BC, and PEI (Canada).\nMcNamara (2006) lists additional Canadian occurrences in ON, BC, MB, AB, SK, PQ, and NT. O'Brien and Wibmer (1982) provide US occurrences in CT, IL, MA, MI, NY, PA, VT, WI, AZ, CA, ID, OR, UT, WA, MN, MT, NE, NT, SA, SD, and WY." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-GeneralDescription 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "LeConte (1876) identified this species as being very long and slender in overall shape, and of intermediate size (approx. 8 mm). Its cuticle colour is described as brownish-black (with Strickland Museum collections specimens appearing much closer to reddish-brown), and this is veiled by a sparse coat of very short hairs that become more dense in lateral and ventral positions. The pubescence is grey in colour, but becomes somewhat yellowed in patches - on elytra tips the pubescence becomes so fine that it takes on a powdery appearance. The rostrum of this species is fairly slender, is slightly shorter than the prothorax in length, and bears slender antennae near its tip. The antennae possess a first joint of the funicle (antennal segments between basal scape segment and clubbed tip) that is broader than the second joint. The prothorax is longer than wide, with a gradual anterior taper. Its sides are almost straight, and its back edge forms a broad arc adjacent to each elytron, creating broad medial angle (backwards projection along the midline). A shallow median depression is situated directly ahead of the medial angle. Femora on the legs of this species are slender, and the legs are brown in colour. The distinctive elytral tips are drawn out into extended, divergent points with minor rounding on their tips. Punctures (pits) are fine and dense upon the rostrum, with interspersed large punctures and one large frontal puncture. The prothorax bears minute 'wrinkly' punctures, and some moderately sized shallow ones, while the elytra bear fine 'wrinkly' punctures in tightly-packed rows. Observation of specimens in the Strickland Museum collections suggests that the extended elytra tips, general reduction in pubescence dorsally, and close spacing of elytra punctures are the most diagnostic characteristics for this species." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-Habitat 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mesic (moist) habitats among herbs and shrubs, and in aquatic habitats (Anderson, 2002)." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-LifeCycle 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit individual eggs into notches that they create in stems (Milne and Milne, 1980). Larvae burrow into stems, forming gall-like galleries where they then pupate (Blatchley and Leng, 1916). The adults emerge to feed on the soft tissues of various plants; often different plants from those used by larvae (Anderson, 1987). There appears to be only one generation per year." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5972-TrophicStrategy 5972 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adult specimens in the Strickland Museum holdings were collected from sage brush (Artemisia sp.), and the leaf of Populus balsamifera (poplar). It is not certain if these were the adult food plants. More compelling evidence comes from the observations of Lintner (as cited by Webster, 1892), where this species was seen congregating in large numbers upon the flowers of Polygonum amphibium (water smartweed), possibly because this is the food source for the larvae and adults." 1/5/07 15:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-ConservationStatus 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Macaulay and Pohl (2002) indicate that this species is common, which suggests that special conservation considerations are not of concern." 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-Cyclicity 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults of this species have been captured between the middle of June and mid to late August (Miller 1983). Alberta specimens have been collected from mid June to the end of July. 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-Distribution 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Reported from several states in the United States of America including: Maryland, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Colorado and California. In Canada this species is known to occur in the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Quebec. (Heinrich 1926). Alberta specimens have been collected in Edmonton, Red Deer and Nordegg." 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-GeneralDescription 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large sized species of Endothenia. Size and colour patterns of this species show wide variation over different geographic locations (Heinrich 1926). Recorded specimens from Alberta show an enlarged dark patch in the middle of the forewing, which is often triangular in shape. Heinrich (1926) also uses this dark patch as a distinguishing characteristic. Forewing color of recorded specimens ranges from a light creamy brown to a very dark brown sometimes appearing almost black. Superficially resembles E. quadrimaculana but has a smaller forewing length and a fewer number of apical spines on the uncus." 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-Habitat 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Reported in fen with Carex sp. present (Macaulay and Pohl 2002). Endothenia sp. occurring in Finland that also show an affinity for Carex sp. have been observed in moist open areas such as peat bogs (Laasonen and Laasonen 1995). 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-LifeCycle 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5951-TrophicStrategy 5951 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are known to feed on the roots and stem bases of plants in the genus Stachys, especially hedge nettle (Stachys palustris) (Macaulay and Pohl 2002). European records indicate that the larva will also feed on Mentha and Symphytum roots and lower parts of the stem (Heinrich 1926)." 1/4/07 14:23 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-ConservationStatus 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common in North America (Warner and Negley 1976), not of concern." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-Cyclicity 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Usually overwinter as larvae, but adults may hibernate in warmer climates (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-Distribution 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species does not occur in Alberta, but is present in Southern British Columbia, Southern Ontario, Nova Scotia (Warner and Negley 1976), and Quebec (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999). In the United States, it occurs in the Mid-Atlantic states, and Western states (Warner and Negley 1976). Specimens were collected from South America's west coast (Warner and Negley 1976), and it also occurs in Australia, New Zealand and Europe (O'Donnell 1984)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-GeneralDescription 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Larvae are legless, creamy white, curved, and have brown heads (Gov. of Canada). The adult is reddish to brownish black, 6 – 8 mm long, and has hairy elytra (Warner and Negley 1976). The apex of its tibia is rounded (Warner and Negley 1976), it is smaller than O. sulcatus, but larger than O. ovatus, and its femora are not toothed, differentiating it from O. sulcatus and O. ovatu (O'Donnell 1984). The adult's elytra are fused, the weevil is flightless, and has elbowed antennae. Its rostrum is medium in length, shorter than that of O. sulcatus, but longer than that of O. ovatus (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-Habitat 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Larvae live underground among plant roots, and adults prefer dark quiet spaces (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-LifeCycle 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This species is parthenogenetic, and there are no males in North America (Warner and Negley 1976). Overwintered adults emerge as early as May, and overwintered larvae develop into adults between late May and early July (Gov. of Canada). Both oviposit for seven weeks just beneath soil surface with an incubation period of 10 to 20 days, and all oviposition ends by early September (Gov. of Canada). During the spring and early summer, the larvae prepare themselves roomy little spaces in the soil where they pupate (Gov. of Canada). Dispersal of this flightless species is dependent on the distances it walks and on shipments of horticultural products (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999). It inhabits greenhouses, nurseries, vineyards, and other agricultural crops ( Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999), and is well known for entering homes in large numbers (O'Donnell 1984)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5783-TrophicStrategy 5783 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species is polyphagous, larvae feed on roots, and adults feed nocturnally on the foliage, buds and young shoots of a wider range of host plants (Warner and Negley 1976). North American host plants include cyclamen, strawberry, holly, privet and raspberry (Warner and Negley 1976). European host plants include top primrose, rose, raspberry and cyclamen (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-ConservationStatus 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common in North America (Warner and Negley 1976), not of concern." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-Cyclicity 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Usually overwinter as larvae, but adults may hibernate in warmer climates (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-Distribution 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species occurs in Southern Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island and Quebec (Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 1999). It occurs in the western United States as far north as Alaska, and is very well spread out across the eastern United States (Warner and Negley 1976). It inhabits northern and mid Europe as far south as France and Italy, and is present in Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-GeneralDescription 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Eggs are yellowish brown in color and larvae are creamy white with a brown head (Oregon State University Extention). The pupae are also creamy white, and reveal distinct adult parts with separate wing sacs along their backs that eventually fuse (Shearer). Adults are blackish, 9 to 11 mm long, have elbowed antennae slightly widened at the tip, have fused elytra and cannot fly. They have patches of golden scales on their elytra covered with yellow curled hairs (Warner and Negley 1976). The apex of their tibia is rounded, their femora are toothed, and their rostrum is long and widened at the tip (Warner and Negley 1976). Although the weevils are parthenogenetic and there are no males in North America, they do have a spermatheca (Cram 1958). Adults tend to aggregate in large groups due to pheromones and other attractants (Alford et al. 1996).\nRoyal Alberta Museum page" 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-Habitat 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Larvae live underground among plant roots, and adults prefer dark quiet spaces (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-LifeCycle 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In the early summer, adults emerge from the soil, then must feed for approximately 4 weeks before they begin ovipositing (Oregon State University Extension). They oviposit their eggs in soil near plant roots and foliage, and oviposition ends by early September (Oregon State University Extension). Each adult may deposit more than 800 eggs in its lifetime, and its life expectancy can be 2 or more years (Alford et al. 1996). Larvae overwinter in the soil among plant roots, continue to develop in the spring when the soil warms up, then pupate in the late spring (Oregon State University Extension). Dispersal of this flightless weevil is dependent on the distances it walks and on shipments of horticultural products (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999). It inhabits greenhouses, nurseries, vineyards, and other agricultural crops (Entomol. Soc. of Wash. 1999)." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5784-TrophicStrategy 5784 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on roots, and adults feed nocturnally on the foliage of a wider range of host plants (Warner and Negley 1976). North American host plants include maple, maidenhair, bittersweet, clematis, dracaena, hawthorn, cyclamen, strawberry, juniper, privet, mint, four o'clock, tuberose, rhododendron, rose, raspberry, nightshade, potato, spirea, yew, arborvitae, blueberry, and the European host plants include grape (Warner and Negley 1976)." 10/20/05 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-ConservationStatus 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-Cyclicity 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults common from May to August (Gardiner 1970; Linsley and Chemsak 1972). 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-Distribution 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The type locality is the Yellowstone Basin (LeConte 1873). Specimens have also been recorded from Alberta, British Columbia, Washington, Wyoming, Idaho, Oregon, Colorado and Nevada (Barr and Penrose 1969; Canorva 1936; Hopping 1937; Linsley and Chemsak 1972)." 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-GeneralDescription 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Length 10-17 mm (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The head is narrowed posteriorly and rounded laterally (Leng 1890). The eyes are small, convex, and finely granulated (Casey 1913). The third and fifth antennal segments are equal in length; the fourth antennal segment is two thirds as long as third and fifth (Casey 1913). The eleventh antennal segment is longer than the tenth (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). A very fine pubescence covers the body (Leng 1890); the head is fuscous, and the posterior body is testaceous in color (Casey 1913). The elytra are narrowed and rounded at the tip, the sutural angle is obtuse (Casey 1913). The prothorax is shorter than it is wide; it surface convex; constricted anteriorly and posteriorly and bisinuate laterally (Casey 1913). The lateral protuberance is not well developed and the lateral tubercles are obtusely rounded (Casey 1913).\nS. obtusus are very sexually dichromatic (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). Males may be all black or pale with black appendages and vittate elytra. Females have a uniformly yellowish elytra and reddish appendages and prothorax (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). However dichromatic characteristics are not universal, few male specimens have been identified with unicolorous elytra and few female specimens have been identified with vittate elytra (Hopping 1937).\nS. obtusus can be distinguished from similar species by the small, convex eyes (Leng 1890); evenly rounded elytral apices (Linsley and Chemsak 1972), and the lateral edges of pronotum having obtusely rounded tubercles (Linsley and Chemsak 1972)." 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-Habitat 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in sub-alpine meadows on soil surface or on the stems and flowers of various angiosperms. 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-LifeCycle 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Most cerambycid larvae are wood boring and may be very destructive to trees impacting forestry and agriculture (Triplehorn and Johnson 2005). 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5864-TrophicStrategy 5864 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "All cerambycids are phytophagous and most Lepturinae larvae are wood borers (Borror and DeLong 2005). Stenocorus obtusus adults can be found on stems of Lupinus sp. (Linsley and Chemsak 1972), or on the flowers of Achillea, Heracleum, and Galium (Linsley and Chemsak 1972)." 4/11/06 14:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-ConservationStatus 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-Cyclicity 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly in June and July (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-Distribution 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The type locality is the Mississippi valley (Hopping 1937). Specimens have also been recorded from Alberta, Manitoba, Missouri, Wyoming, New York, Pennsylvania, Maine and Illinois (Aurivillius 1912; Hopping 1937; Leng 1890; Linsley and Chemsak 1972)." 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-GeneralDescription 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Length 12-16 mm (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The head is black (Say 1859) and small, gradually converged behind eyes (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The eyes are faceted or with a smooth polish and emarginate or notched (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The antennae are rufous in color with prominent tubercles (Linsley and Chemsak 1972) and are shorter than the elytra. The third antennal segment is shorter than the fourth. The fifth antennal segment is equal in length to the third (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The thorax has uneven anterior and posterior impressed bands and a dorsal impressed line (Say 1859). The elytra are black with parallel broad lateral yellow vittae or stripes that do not reach the tip (Linsley and Chemsak 1972). The margins of the elytra are rufous in color and separated from the vitta by a black line near the base and the humerus is prominent (LeConte 1859). The body is black ventrally with golden pubescence (Say 1859). The legs are rufous or yellow in color (Hopping 1937)." 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-Habitat 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat As members of the sub-family Lepturinae they are most likely found on flowers. 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-LifeCycle 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Most cerambycid larvae are wood boring and may be very destructive to trees impacting forestry and agriculture (Triplehorn and Johnson 2005). 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5865-TrophicStrategy 5865 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "All cerambycids are phytophagous and most Lepturinae larvae are wood borers (Triplehorn and Johnson 2005). There is no literature that directly indicates that S. trivittatus is a flower dwelling species. However if S. vittiger is accepted as a synonym of S. trivittatus then host flowers include Vibernum, Hydrangea, Spiraea, Crataegus, Cornus, and Nyssa (Linsley and Chemsak 1972)." 4/11/06 15:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-ConservationStatus 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern. A widespread native species of no economic importance, occupying a great variety of habitats." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-Cyclicity 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from June to September, with most specimens being collected in July and August. Specimens attracted to light." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-Distribution 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A very common species occurring throughout North America, from sea level up to elevations in excess of 1830 m (L. Lary, web reference). In Canada it occurs in most provinces, from B.C. (Scudder and Cannings 2007), Alberta (Bowman 1951) to Ontario (L. Scott, web reference). In Saskatchewan it was collected near Indian Head and Big River (forest insect surveys). This species is present in most of the continental U.S." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-GeneralDescription 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Head cream-coloured, antennae banded with brown on each segment, labial palpi porrect, heavily scaled, dorsally cream-coloured, ventrally yellow. Thorax of a cream colour, tegulae and metathorax yellow. Legs light grey. Forewings strongly hooked. Dorsal surface of forewings yellow, with brown scales restricted to a triangular area in the middle of forewing. Hindwings light grey, somewhat translucent proximally and basally, with long fringes. Ventral wing surfaces uniformly light grey. Legs and abdomen light grey. This species can be distinguished from the similarly looking Ypsolopha dentiferella by its mostly yellow forewings, whereas dentiferella has mostly brown forewings, with yellow scales restricted to a longitudinal band on the basal one third of its forewings." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-Habitat 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, from mixed wood forests to semi-arid scrubland, prairies and badlands." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-LifeCycle 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown. Larvae are probably solitary defoliators. Pupation takes place in silken cocoons of a tubular shape, on leaves." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6412-TrophicStrategy 6412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Based on insect forest surveys data larvae feed on willow leaves (Salix spp.) and honeysuckle (Lonicera sp.). In British Columbia larvae were found feeding on flowers of snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) (J. Tatum, web reference)." 1/5/09 13:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-ConservationStatus 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "This is an introduced species in North America, currently spreading northward and westward (Pohl et al. 2005)." 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-Cyclicity 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Europe adults fly in July and August. In North America adults were captured in July. Specimens are attracted to light. 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-Distribution 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread throughout Eurasia. It has been accidentally introduced into North America and it is now established in Alberta (Olds) (Pohl et al. 2005) and Ontario (Ottawa area) (L. Scott, web reference)." 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-GeneralDescription 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Head white, antennae banded with brown on each segment, labial palpi porrect, dorsally white, ventrally brown. Thorax white, tegulae and metathorax brown. Legs brown. Forewings strongly hooked, a characteristic shared by many species in the genus Ypsolopha. Dorsal surface of forewings brown, white on the basal one third of the wing, extending lengthwise, but not reaching the external wing margin. There is a well-defined, whitish ""spine"" pointing upwards and away from the wing base. Hindwings uniformly dark grey. Ventral wing surfaces are grey. Ypsolopha dentella can be confused with two species in Alberta. The first one is Y. canariella, which has yellow scales instead of white, the basal white band on forewings reaches the external wing margin and it lacks a ""spine"". The second one is Plutella xylostella, which has a wavy basal band and narrower hingwings with longer fringes. In fact, many early workers such as Meyrick and Ford confused these two species with one another (Alford 1971). However, they can be separated from one another based on the size (P. xylostella is much smaller than Y. dentella), lack of hooked wings on P. xylostella and absence of the characteristic projections that form the ""diamond back"" of P. xylostella when it rests with its wings closed (Alford 1971)." 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-Habitat 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety of habitats, ranging from forested areas to prairies, creeks and gardens, wherever its host plant occurs." 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-LifeCycle 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Young larvae are green and inconspicuous. Older larvae change colour and become pinkish-red on the dorsal surface (I. Kimber, web reference). Feeding occurs in a loose web. Pupation takes place in elongated silken cocoons among debris on the ground." 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6413-TrophicStrategy 6413 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.) (Alford 1971; Pohl et al. 2005). 1/5/09 15:53 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-ConservationStatus 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Local and uncommon; no obvious concerns. 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-Cyclicity 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in August. 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-Distribution 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Across southern Canada, from NS west to Alberta; south to ME and NY." 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-GeneralDescription 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.2 - 3.5 cm wingspan) grey and black moth. The forewings are grey with a very wide black median band, concave on the inner edge and straight on the outer. The subterminal line has black scales along the inner side, shading into grey before meeting the median band, and the veins distad to the subterminal line are lined with black. The hindwings are bright white on the basal half, black on the outer. Sexes similar, but the female has a narrower black band on the hindwings. The only moth it could be confused with is the closely related O. chalybdis which replaces it in the mountains. The black collar is edged with white scales in chalybdis (all black in piffardi), and the black median area of the forewing is charcoal and medium gray with a visible median band and claviform spot in chalybdis. Piffardi also lacks the black terminal line of chalybdis, and has a solid dark grey fringe (checkered in chalybdis). There are also minor differences in male genitalic characters, most notably the clasper, which is slightly swollen near the base in piffardi and evenly tapered in chalybdis. Apparently the ranges do not overlap and most specimens can be separated by locality." 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-Habitat 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry shrubby areas with Spiraea. 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-LifeCycle 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. There is a single brood each year, with adults flying in late summer. Adults come to light." 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5211-TrophicStrategy 5211 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Spiraea, including S. latifoloia (Handfield, 1999)." 12/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-ConservationStatus 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "An uncommon local species, but no obvious reasons for concern." 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-Cyclicity 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta adults are on the wing late June through mid-August. 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-Distribution 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, ranging from the dry interior of WA , OR and CA, west to n. AZ and NM, CO and north into southern AB. In Alberta it has been found north to Dinosaur Provincial Park" 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-GeneralDescription 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "One of the small western species of Abagrotis. Superficially they resembles A. hermina in having dark brown forewings and pale hindwings. However they can be easily separated from other species of Abagrotis by the dark streak passing through the orbicular and reniform spots, and in particular by the black filling in the space between the two spots. Even in poorly marked specimens some evidence of this streak will show. In this character they resemble some species of Euxoa." 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-Habitat 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry prairie grassland with greasewood. 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-LifeCycle 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle There is a single annual brood. Adults are attracted to light. 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5232-TrophicStrategy 5232 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The only known larval host is greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) (Lafontaine, 1998)." 1/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-ConservationStatus 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare in Alberta; known only from the Waterton region. Widespread in the west. 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-Cyclicity 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity No Alberta data; McGuffin (1981) states adults fly from May to September. 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-Distribution 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern interior BC southward, with a single Alberta record from the Waterton region (erroneously stated as Calgary in McGuffin 1981)." 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-GeneralDescription 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Members of this genus are medium-sized geometrids, best recognized by the pointed forewing apex and the contrast between the dark-coloured forewings and light hindwings; unlike most geometrids, the fore- and hindwing patterns are not similar. D. unicalcaria lacks the falcate forewing tip (indented below the apex) of D. falcataria." 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-Habitat 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open montane forest. 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-LifeCycle 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal, possibly double-brooded (McGuffin 1981, Miller & Hammond 2000). Larvae are light brown with obscure brown markings, presumably cryptic against the branches of the host." 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4110-TrophicStrategy 4110 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae in this genus feed only on species of Ceanothus (Miller & Hammond 2000). It is likely associated with C. velutinus in Alberta. 12/10/03 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-ConservationStatus 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Fairly common and no reasons for concern. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-Cyclicity 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from late June to early September. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-Distribution 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia west to Vancouver Island; south to Arizona and Iowa. In Alberta found mainly throughout the dryer southern grasslands region, north nearly to Edmonton." 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-GeneralDescription 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (4.5-5.0 cm wingspan) mottled rusty red-brown moth. The forewings are red-brown with darker patches in the median and terminal areas. There is short basal dash, and two blackish patches on the terminal area divided by a pale w-mark. Antemedian and post-median lines pale, the later curving inward near upper margin. The orbicular and reniform spots are indistinct, marked only by a few paler scales. Fringe checkered red and dark brown. Hindwings sooty brown, with a faint dark discal mark and red-brown fringe. Antennae simple; sexes similar. Male genitalia with ampullae strongly developed, and digitus perhaps the largest in genus. Basal hair pencils present on the abdomen. The strong W-mark separating two darker terminal patches separates lignicolora from other red-brown Apamea, i.e. vultuosa, dubitans and scoparia.\n\n" 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-Habitat 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Grassy edges and clearings in wooded or shrubby areas. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-LifeCycle 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Lignicolora is nocturnal and comes to light. The adults are known to hide during the day under loose bark of trees. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5302-TrophicStrategy 5302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No Alberta data; elsewhere reported to feed on quack grass (Agropyron repens) and other grasses. 2/4/05 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-ConservationStatus 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A rare and very local species in Alberta. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-Cyclicity 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in late July and early August. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-Distribution 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Alberta east to southwestern Manitoba, the eastern parts of the Dakotas and eastern Iowa; west to California and south to southern Arizona, New Mexico and western Texas. In Alberta there are historical records from Lethbridge, Monarch, High River and Calgary. The only recent records are for a colony discovered by Chris Schmidt in 2004 in dunes north of Chauvin (east of Wainwright)." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-GeneralDescription 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.8-4.1 cm wingspan) moth with pale yellow forewings and immaculate white hindwings. Occasional specimens may have fine dark dots at the veins indicating the antemedian and postmedian lines. Copablepharon viridisparsum is white (not yellow) with a faint green cast, dark scaling in the central hindwing area and a faint dark discal spot. C. longipenne is a dull grey-brown or tan moth with light grey hindwings." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-Habitat 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Sand dunes and sandy prairie. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-LifeCycle 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. The larvae overwinter buried in the soil when partly grown. They complete their development in the spring, then pupate in an earthen cell in the soil. There is a single annual brood. Adults are nocturnal and are attracted to light." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5312-TrophicStrategy 5312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "No data. In the lab a larvae was reared on alfalfa and barley (Strickland, 1920)." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-ConservationStatus 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-Cyclicity 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "May to October (Linsley and Chemsak, 1984)." 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-Distribution 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to the Rocky Mountains and California (Linsley and Chemsak, 1984)." 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-GeneralDescription 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Moderate sized beetle (14-30 mm) with reddish brown cuticle. Hairs can be reddish brown, white, or gray. Antennae can either extend past the elytra 5 segments in males or 3 segments in females. Scutellum is rounded and highly hairy with hairless line in the middle. Legs are covered in fine grayish hairs. Distinguished from other species by angular apices and flowing ridges of the elytra (Linsley and Chemsak, 1984)." 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-Habitat 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Coniferous woodlands. 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-LifeCycle 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very similar to other Monochamus species, with adults emerging around May to June. Larvae laid in irregular notches will emerge and cause oval shaped excavation tunnels in Pinus species while feeding on the wood of the tree." 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5873-TrophicStrategy 5873 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy According to Linsley and Chemsak (1997) larvae will feed in the phloem of numerous Pinus species. 5/29/06 8:03 2/5/14 0:06 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-ConservationStatus 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status No information indicating any concern. 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-Cyclicity 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Flight period mid June - early July, ending late July (Hobbs 1956) - August (Milne & Milne 1980)." 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-Distribution 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "British Columbia, south to California and Mexico and east to Nebraska and Texas. One specimen (male) recorded in Michigan confirms rare range east of Mississippi. Because the females are difficult to distinguish from M. latimanus any specimens found east of Mississippi should only be considered authentic if male specimens are available (Mitchell 1962)." 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-GeneralDescription 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females: Identify with caution. Practically undistinguishable from the females of Megachile latimanus Say. Body length is 13-14 mm, stout and completely black with yellowish spurs (articulate hairs). Mouth mandibles have 5 tooth projections. Soft, downy hair (pubescent) is dense and yellow on the lower cheeks, very dense and yellow on lateral and posterior thorax. Abdomen segments are fringed with short whitish hairs. Wings subhyaline (sub transparent) and quite smoky at the apical end. Tergum (dorsal abdomen segment) 6 slightly concave and sternum (ventral abdomen segment) 6 with pollen collecting “scopa” having dense yellowish hairs and scopa is orange in colour. (Mitchell 1962).\nMales: Similar to M. latimuanus but recognizable by the mid basitarsal (lower segments of legs) protuberance (swelling) being much smaller, narrow and keel-shaped compared to the blunt, robust protuberance of M. latimuanus. Body length is 12-13 mm, stout, black body with front legs yellowish. Large cheeks with concave inferior margin, nearly twice as wide as the eyes and mouth mandibles with 3-tooth projection. Pubescence is yellowish and is dense and elongate around the antennae, lower face, short and thin on the cheeks with a pair of short white hair (looks like lines). Abdomen segments are fringed with short whitish hairs. Long and bright yellow hairs on the scutum (dorsal surface of middle mesothorax segment). Front tarsi (lower segments on legs) are yellow and mid and hind femur (upper leg segment) are quite swollen. Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent) at the base and appear more cloudy at the apex. Genital armatures have robust gonocoxites, which constricts above the base, setae projects towards the apex, dorsal lobe is broad and flat and ventral lobe is curved and slender. (Mitchell 1962)." 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-Habitat 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Nest in ground concealed by dense vegetation (Hobbs 1956). Meadows & orchards (Milne & Milne 1980). 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-LifeCycle 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Univoltine (one generation reaches maturity per year) (Hobbs 1956, Milne & Milne 1980). Recorded gregarious nesting in gravel railway embankment (Hobbs 1956). Cells are constructed from circular, oblong or / and irregular leaf cuttings and then provisioned with approximately 15 loads of pollen (Hobbs 1956). Cells are capped off with several circular leaf pieces and are not all constructed in one tunnel (Hobbs 1956). Parasitism by parasitic bees includes Coelioxys spp., meloid beetles (Nemognatha lutea) and red velvet ants (Dasymutilla fulvohirta) (Hobbs 1956, Krombein et al. 1970). Use in agricultural alfalfa pollinating is somewhat limited by the early blooming of alfalfa in Alberta and later flight period of the bee (Hobbs 1956)." 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5848-TrophicStrategy 5848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Polylectic (collects pollen from wide range of flowering plants). Pollen primarily from the family Compositae including Aster and Lotus spp. (Krombein et al. 1970). 4/6/06 14:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-ConservationStatus 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A common widespread species; no concerns. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-Cyclicity 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from early mid July through mid September. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-Distribution 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic; from Newfoundland to western Europe, mainly in the boreal region, south to New England, southern Montana and northern Oregon. It occurs throughout most of the wooded areas of Alberta, including the wooded valleys in the grasslands region." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-GeneralDescription 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.9-4.2 cm wingspan) dark brown moth with relatively narrow forewings with doubled black basal, antemedian and postmedian lines. The subterminal line is a marked by a row of lighter scales. The orbicular and reniform spots are prominent, the former oval and filled with light brown scales and the later kidney-shaped and partly filled with rusty-orange. The claviform is elongate and filled with black, and there are two short black streaks inside the upper subterminal line. Males differ from females in having a broad pale rusty-orange border to the posterior edge of the forewings. The hindwings are dirty white, shading to darker brown toward the margin. The narrow forewings with rusty-orange reniform and, in males, the paler lower margin, will usually identify this moth. The larvae are described in Lafontaine, 2004." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-Habitat 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open edges; urban gardens woods and woodland and parks. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-LifeCycle 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood each year. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5353-TrophicStrategy 5353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on a wide variety of plants, including Atriplex; Minuarta, Lathyrus, Salix, Vaccinium, Ulmus, Trifolium, Allijum, peas, and other trees and low plants. The preferred host is blueberry (Vaccinium) and fennica can be a pest on commercial blueberry crops in the east. They also feed on young conifers, and can be a problem where conifers have been planted for reforestation efforts, in particular in areas where blueberries are also common." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-ConservationStatus 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status An uncommon species; no reasons for concern. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-Cyclicity 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from late June to early August. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-Distribution 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Central Mexico north to the dry interior of southern BC, southern Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan. In Alberta they have been collected locally north to Tolman Bridge." 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-GeneralDescription 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (3.7- 4.1 cm wingspan) that comes in both grey and reddish-brown color forms. The forewings have few prominent markings, and are dusted with grey scales giving them a clouded or frosty appearance. The reniform usually stands out against the ground, and there are poorly defined darker markings along the costa and in the terminal area, especially near the apex. The hindwings are white, with a bit of dark shading along the outer margin. The narrow, jet-black thoracic collar will separate exuberans from most similar moths, in particular from Euxoa sp. The related and much more common Anicla tepperi is gray and has prominent dark lines crossing the forewings.\n\nUntil recently placed in the genus Euagrotis, now sunk as a subgenus under Anicla (Lafontaine 2004). The older literature (i.e. Bowman, 1951) lists it as E. bairdi.\n" 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-Habitat 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry native prairie and montane grassland; badland edges. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5354-LifeCycle 5354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The immature stages are unknown. The adults are nocturnal and are attracted to light. There is a single brood each year. 2/16/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-ConservationStatus 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-Cyclicity 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity No Alberta data; flies in mid June in the northwest portion of its range. 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-Distribution 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern California north to Alaska, east to extreme southwestern Alberta (McGuffin 1977)." 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-GeneralDescription 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A mottled grey geometrid with small discal spots and the usual transverse lines. Externally very similar to Ectropis crepuscularia and Protoboarmia porcelaria, but in Alberta, M. imitata is known only in the Waterton-Crowsnest region, likely in association with Douglas-fir (Pseuotsuga). Identification should be confirmed through genitalic dissection, see McGuffin (1977)." 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-Habitat 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Montane coniferous forest. 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-LifeCycle 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The eggs are laid singly on branches and trunks of the host trees, and hatch in about nine days. Larvae feed on previous years' foliage, preferring the crown and exposed lower branches. Larvae pupate in soil litter, and pupae overwinter (Evans 1962). McGuffin (1977) gives a detailed description of the immature stages." 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4300-TrophicStrategy 4300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on the foliage of conifer trees, preferring Douglas fir, hemlock (Tsuga), and fir (Abies)." 2/12/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-ConservationStatus 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Known globally from only two sites, one of which is in southern AB." 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-Cyclicity 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly from late July (?) to early August. 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-Distribution 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Known from southern Alberta and south central Montana (Rindge 1981). 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-GeneralDescription 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description A non-descript mid-size grey geometrid. Wing ground colour white-grey with an even dusting of grey-brown scales. AM and PM lines diffuse and jagged. Hindwing slightly paler. 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-Habitat 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairie grassland. 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-LifeCycle 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Nothing is known of this specie's immature stages. It is known only from the the type series of six specimens, one of which was collected 9 miles north of Coaldale, AB by D.F. Hardwick on August 4, 1961 (Rindge 1981)." 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4301-TrophicStrategy 4301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval hosts are unknown. The larvae of Meris alticolata feed on Penstemon virgatus in Arizona (Rindge 1981), so it is possible that M. patula feeds on Penstemon or other Scrophulariaceae." 2/12/04 0:00 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-ConservationStatus 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Rare in North America from Newfoundland to British-Columbia (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)." 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-Cyclicity 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The only D. capitatus specimen in the Strickland Museum was collected in June. 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-Distribution 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In North America, from Newfoundland to British-Columbia (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)." 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-GeneralDescription 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The size of an adult D. capitatus ranges between 12.5 to 15mm (Downie and Arnett, 1996). The adult D. capitatus is quickly recognized by a densely punctate head with dark yellow color. The temples are almost straight behind the eye (Smetana and Davies, 2000). The color of the head contrasts with the dark brown pronotum and abdomen. The pronotum is covered with patches of yellow setae among the black setae (Downie and Arnett, 1996). The legs are mostly dark brown with some dark yellow area on dorsal side of femur and tibia. The antennae are slightly darker than the head. The densely punctate elytra are covered with widely scattered smooth spots with dark pubescent (Downie and Arnett, 1996). Abdominal terga (dorsal abdominal segment) 2-4 with H-shaped velvety spot at middle and segment 5-6 with gray pubescence (Downie and Arnett, 1996). The gray pubescence is also present on nearly all sternites (ventral abdominal segment). Tarsal formula 5-5-5 and 11 antenomeres with the last one transverse. The last segment of the labial palp is narrow and fusiliform (Downie and Arnett, 1996)." 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-Habitat 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found on dung, carrion and fungus of various kinds in the northern forests (Arnett and Thomas, 2000)." 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5433-LifeCycle 5433 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Like all the members of the Staphilinini tribe, D. capitatus possesses paired eversible defensive glands located at the tip of the abdomen (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). If threatened, D. capitatus brings its last abdominal segment in contact with the threat and releases a chemical mixture (often mixed with defecation) to repell it." 6/6/05 8:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-ConservationStatus 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern because of agricultural importance. 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-Cyclicity 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Emerge early-late June and adult activity from early June-late September (Stephen & Torchio 1961). 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-Distribution 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Massasauga to Vancouver, west to British Columbia (Krombein et al. 1970) and south to Washington, Oregon, California, Kansas, Missouri, Texas and Utah (Stephen & Torchio 1961)." 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-GeneralDescription 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Female: Body is 8-9 mm long, robust, black body and legs, brownish circular tegulae (articulate sclerite at base of the costa vein) near base of wing and yellow spurs (articulated spine). Large cheeks slightly narrower than the eyes and mouth mandibles with 4 tooth projections. Soft, downy hair (pubescence) yellowish-white and short on the face and cheeks, more elongate and white on the lower cheeks. Pubescence dense around antennae (more yellowish), sides of face, lateral and posterior thorax (shorter and yellowish) and wing bases (more yellowish). Wings are subhyaline (sub transparent). Tergum (dorsal abdomen segments) 4-6 straight in profile with short suberect hairs and abdomen segments fringed with short yellowish-white hairs. (Mitchell 1962). The scopa (pollen-collected hair basket on ventral abdomen) is silvery gray in colour unlike most other leafcutter bees that have yellow, orange, tan or black scopa (Richards 1984).\nMales: Body is 7-8mm long, robust, black body, brownish tegulae, front tarsi (lower segments of leg) partly yellowish with yellow spurs. Cheeks considerably narrower than eyes and mouth mandibles with 3 tooth projections. Pubescence is considerably yellow on the face and dense around antennae, lower face region and front of face. Thorax pubescence is whitish, very dense on lateral and posterior surface and both yellowish or whitish on the dorsal surface. Wings are subhyaline and appear smoky near the apex. Sterna (ventral abdomen surface) 1 – 4 are exposed and have punctures and appear yellowish and hyaline with dense elongate white hairs. Sternum 5 is broad, median area has short, fine and dense setae and sternum 6 has an broad short apical lobe, incurved medially. Genital armatures have gonocoxites, which narrow above the base, is compressed, has a curved down apex, tip elongate and narrow, setae projects towards the apex, dorsal lobe is broad and flat and ventral lobe is curved and slender. (Mitchell 1962" 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-Habitat 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Nests in existing spaces, wood cracks or spaces between lumber (Stephen & Torchio 1961)." 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-LifeCycle 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This specie is quite smaller than native leafcutter species (Richards 1984). Univoltine (one generation reaches maturity per year) (Stephen & Torchio 1961) with females mating once, while males can mate several times (Richards 1984) and mating not occurring near the nest (Stephen & Torchio 1961). Nests are made from burrowing into wood, including native and artificially made burrows (Krombein et al. 1970), previously formed holes, wood cracks, spaces between lumber and preferentially narrow tunnels that approximate their body size (Stephen & Torchio 1961). Cells are constructed from oblong leave pieces to form a linear nest of several cells, filled with pasty pollen, eggs are laid and cells are capped with circular leaf pieces (Stephen & Torchio 1961). Females usually lay female eggs in the inner cells and male eggs in the outer cells of the nest Females prefer pliable and soft leaves from species including alfalfa, clover, buckwheat, roses and sage versus tough leaf plant species (Richards 1984). \nOriginally from Europe and Asia and introduced into Canada in 1962 (Hobbs 1972). This solitary bee is valuable in agriculture as a pollinator of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) crops and is easily domesticated (Hobbs 1972, Stephen & Torchio 1961). Factors that contribute to its success in agriculture include gregarious nesting behaviour, use of man-made nests and over-wintering mature larvae (prepupa) stage (Hobbs 1972, Stephen & Torchio 1961). Also, it is more reliable than native species because a reduction in nesting habitat due to land clearing, burning and agriculture have decreased the population of some bee species, including bumble bees and native leafcutter bees (Richards 1984). When this specie was first introduced into Canada it started pollinating alfalfa at 21°C, but some individuals have evolved to start pollination at temperatures of 18°C (Richards 1984)." 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5849-TrophicStrategy 5849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Polylectic (collects pollen from wide range of flowering plants) but preference for pollen from alfalfa flowers suggest preferential oligolectic behaviour (Stephen & Torchio 1961). Pollen from native and introduced flowers including Asclepias, Cosmos, Lotus sp and Veronica (Krombein et al. 1970). Uses alfalfa for nest building and foraging. Also feeds on nectar (Richards 1984)." 4/6/06 15:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6161-Distribution 6161 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found from southern AB south at least to TX, NM, AZ, and CA. In Alberta, known from a single specimen from “Milk River”." 2/13/08 14:32 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6161-GeneralDescription 6161 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (2.7 – 3.0 cm wingspan) green moth with broad pointed wings. The wings are bright green. A prominent straight white line crosses both wings diagonally, from the forewing costa just short of the apex to lower part of the inner margin of the hindwing. A second similar line crosses the forewing only near the base. Male antennae bipectinate, female simple. Similar to Nemoria species, but the white line pattern is unique among Alberta moths." 2/13/08 14:32 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6161-Habitat 6161 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The larval host plant grows on arid native grassland slopes and valley walls. 2/13/08 14:32 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6161-LifeCycle 6161 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larval host plant is skunkbush (Rhus trilobata). There is likely a single brood in Alberta. The lone Alberta specimen was collected June 25, 1971." 2/13/08 14:32 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6162-Distribution 6162 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Extreme southwestern Alberta west to south central BC, south to Colorado, Utah and California. In Alberta known only from Waterton Lakes National Park." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6162-GeneralDescription 6162 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively small moth (2.5-3.2 cm. wingspan) with broad falcate forewings. The forewings are variable in color and pattern, ranging from a relatively clear brown-pink to pinkish brown heavily sprinkled with black scales. There is a small black discal dot, and they are crossed by faint to prominent antemedian, median and postmedian cross lines. The hindwings are white with a pink cast, with a small dark discal dot and a slight dusting of dark scales near the margins. The variability in the appearance of these little moths is fairly extreme. However, they can be identified by the combination of small size, bright hindwings and falcate forewing shape." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6162-Habitat 6162 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Falcataria occurs in woodlands associated with Ceanothus sp. 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6162-LifeCycle 6162 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is apparently a single brood with adults (in BC) in June and July. According to McGuffin (1981) the larvae are reported to come in two color forms, brown and green. He states that all 50 he reared were green. Miller and Hammond illustrate a larva in color; however that larva is a patchwork of grey, silver, white, tan and black, with a thin broken yellow spiracular line! The larvae mature in five instars. The larval host plant is Ceanothus (Mller & Hammond 2003)." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6163-Distribution 6163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic; in North America found throughout much of the wooded parts of Canada, north to YT and NWT, south in the east to WV. In Alberta widespread and fairly common in the southern Boreal forest and Parklands regions, rare in the mountains." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6163-GeneralDescription 6163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-small size (wingspan 2-2.5 cm) broad-winged dull charcoal and white moth. Forewings dull black or dark grey, crossed by a doubled white antemedian and prominent white postmedian band, the later with a faint grey line splitting it in two. Terminal areas grey, with upper half broader and darker, divided by a scalloped white line. Forewing discal spot a small black oval. Hindwings lighter grey, crossed by a series of obscure pale wavy lines, the white postmedian band wider and more prominent. Sexes similar; antennae in both sexes densely and finely ciliate. The smaller black and white E. sperryi is more crisply marked. Most similar to Euphyia intermedia, but greyer and with blurrier markings, not as crisp as in intermedia. The subterminal dark patch of E. intermedia is usually broken by a white streak just below the apex, but is not so divided in alternata. E. alternata also have patches of cinnamon hairs in the outer part of the dark patch on the upper forewing submargin, visible under magnification; these are lacking in E. intermedia." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6163-Habitat 6163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "E. alternata frequents open woods, edges and meadows." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6163-LifeCycle 6163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, with adults from late May through early August, peaking in early July." 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6163-TrophicStrategy 6163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae feed on species of bedstraw (Galium). 2/13/08 14:33 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-ConservationStatus 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-Cyclicity 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly in mid July to early August. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-Distribution 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland to FL, west to Alberta and AZ (Covell 1970)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-GeneralDescription 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Identifying species of Scopula can present a challenge, and differences among species are best appreciated by looking at series of specimens. S. limboundata can generally be distinguished from other Scopula by the broad, diffuse band of submarginal spots in combination with the well-defined black discal spots. The submarginal band is variable, and specimens which are almost entirely charcoal grey occur; conversely, individuals which totally lack the submarginal spots (form enucleata) are very similar to S. ancellata and S. junctaria, but limboundata has an irregular PM line (straight or nearly so in ancellata and junctaria), and discal spots are usually absent in junctaria. Structurally the hind tibia of limboundata is more than three times the length of the tarsus, while all other Scopula have a much shorter hind tibia (Covell 1970)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-Habitat 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Forests and woodlands. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-LifeCycle 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae are thin and elongate, mimicking twigs. They overwinter in the fourth instar (McGuffin 1967, Wagner et al. 2001). Adults come to light, and can also be flushed by day when they rest with the wings to the side and flattened against the substrate.\n" 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4669-TrophicStrategy 4669 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are generalist feeders on trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, including blueberry (Vaccinium), cherry (Prunus), shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa), bedstraw (Galium) and smartweed (Polygonum) (Covell 1970)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-ConservationStatus 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-Cyclicity 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The peak flight season is late June to early July. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-Distribution 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widely distributed, from the southern Northwest Territories to Texas and Florida (McGuffin 1977)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-GeneralDescription 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A mottled grey geometer with the usual AM and PM lines. The wing pattern is very similar to that of Ectropis crepuscularia, but the subterminal dark patch opposite the forewing discal cell is usually less prominent or absent in porcelaria, and the male antennae of porcelaria are much more strongly pectinate." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-Habitat 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Generally common in mixedwood forests. 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-LifeCycle 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The eggs are laid in large clusters at the base of conifer needles or the underside of deciduous hosts, hatching in about one week. The twig-like larva overwinters in the penultimate instar, often fully exposed on branches of the host (McGuffin 1977, Wagner et al. 2001)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4670-TrophicStrategy 4670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae prefer conifers such as balsam fir (Abies), douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga), white spruce (Picea), tamarack (Larix), and western hemlock (Tsuga), but deciduous trees such as birches and poplars (Betula and Populus) are also used on occasion (Prentice 1963)." 5/20/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-ConservationStatus 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently a concern. Prairie bluets are abundant throughout their range. 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-Cyclicity 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults fly from late May until early August, later in the southern part of its range." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-Distribution 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Prairie bluets can be found from the western edge of Ontario as far west as northeast British Columbia (e.g. Peace River area). There are records from the southern edge of the Northwest Territories to the north-central states (e.g. Minnesota, South Dakota) (Walker 1953)." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-GeneralDescription 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The prairie bluet is more robust and darker blue in colour than the other Eurasian bluets (C. interrogatum and C. resolutum) found in North America (Walker 1953). Males have a distinct colour pattern on the abdomen; segments 3 to 7 are black with blue bands that become progressively smaller towards the end of the abdomen. The end of the abdomen is almost completely blue (Walker 1953, Acorn 2004). Males also have a distinctive black spot on the top of the second abdominal segment and slightly widened terminal abdominal segments (Westfall and May 1996). Female colours are usually yellow-green to tan but can be blue like the males (Westfall and May 1996). Abdominal segments 3 to 7 are dark without coloured rings and segment 8 has pale colouration on top at the base (Walker 1953, Acorn 2004). The dorsal surface immediately behind the head on females has three lobes on the posterior margin; the middle lobe projects above the other two (Walker 1953). Prairie bluets are small damselflies, rarely exceeding 3 cm in length.\nLarvae of the prairie bluet are difficult to distinguish from the other Eurasian bluets or even American bluets (genus Enallagma) or forktails (genus Ischnura). The prairie bluet has no obvious characters that allows for identificaion in the field. Coenagrion larvae are of average stature with the posterior margin of the head rounded and eyes not very prominent (Walker 1953)." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-Habitat 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Prairie ponds and sloughs, slow moving streams." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-LifeCycle 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Sawchyn and Gillott (1975) performed a detailed study on the biology of prairie bluets in Saskatchewan. Females lay soft, creamy-white eggs during June and July in cuts made in living, aquatic plant tissue. Embryonic development takes 2 to 3 weeks. Larvae develop rapidly and near completion by October. Larvae over-winter in one of the final three stages (instars) of development, frozen in the ice that forms in their shallow habitat. The larvae intentionally place themselves where they become embedded in the ice but do not freeze. The larvae remain dormant until April when the ice melts and then continues development. This adaptation likely does not occur throughout the prairies bluets range. Larvae leave the water to become adults by mid-June. Newly emerged adults disperse from the larval habitat to feed and mature. Maturation requires about 1 week and mating occurs away from the water, oviposition occurs within 2 weeks of adult emergence. Oviposition occurs with the male still attached to the female. Eggs are always deposited below the water surface on floating or emergent vegetation. Baker and Clifford (1981) report that taiga bluets can take two years to complete their life cycle; this is likely the case with prairie bluets." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5856-TrophicStrategy 5856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults feed on flies (e.g. midges) (Sawchyn and Gillott 1975). Larval diet is likely similar to that of the taiga bluet, which feed on, fly larvae, water fleas, other odonate larvae and assorted invertebrates (Baker and Clifford 1981)." 4/10/06 8:13 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-ConservationStatus 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not a concern. 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-Cyclicity 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Bivoltine, adults over-winter laying eggs in spring and summer. Poorly documented life history." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-Distribution 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "North America wide, common in mid-Alberta aspen-parkland to southern short grass prairies." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-GeneralDescription 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Within Alberta there are two other species which may be confused with Notonecta kirbyi: N. borealis and N. undulata. Of these, N. borealis occurs only in the boreal region and N. undulata is found across all of North America (Brooks and Kelton 1967, Hungerford 1917). As an adult N. kirbyi is the largest of the Alberta Notonectids (12-15 mm). Notonecta borealis may be differentiated from N. kirbyi by its white head, scutellum and hemelytra. As there is a great deal of variation in N. undulata it may be difficult to tell it apart from N. kirbyi by colouration. The head to propleuron of N. kirbyi is greenish yellow and the scutellum is always black, whereas N. undulata may be variable colours including yellow, green and has a black scutellum. Brooks and Kelton (1967) use morphological differences in eye colouration and the space between the eyes at the vertex of the head to distinguish very similar-looking individuals. Notonecta kirbyi's eyes are red, and the space between them at the vertex is about one half the distance of the distance between the perimeter of the eyes at the frons. Notonecta undulata's eyes are black. The distance between its eyes at the vertex is less than one half of the total distance between the perimeters of the eyes at the frons. Keel hairiness always reliably tells the difference between the two species under a dissecting microscope. Notonecta kirbyi has a bare keel on the fourth abdominal sternite that is hairy on both sides (Brooks and Kelton 1967). Notonecta undulata has a line of hair on the fourth abdominal sclerite keel (Brooks and Kelton 1967). The most distinguishing feature of N. kirbyi are its large, cloudy bands stretching across the leathery section of the hemelytra (from the inner edge of the clavus to the outer costal margin). Notonecta kirbyi is synonymous with N. insulata (Uhler), N. insulata var. impressa, N. (Paranecta) kirbyi (Henry and Froeshner 1988)." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-Habitat 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Fishless, often ephemeral pools or slow lentic systems, within macrophytes and other debris." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-LifeCycle 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very little is known about the life history of this organism (Rice, 1954). The eggs are approximately 2.2 mm long, the largest of any notonectid, and the hard chorion has puncture marks for respiration (Rice 1954). A mucilaginous sheath attaches eggs to substrates (Rice 1954). Development to the adult stage through five instars takes ~50 days (Rice 1954). Emergent adults do not develop ova as late as November, thus it is presumed they over-winter as adults (Rice 1954). Instars 1-4 hunt in the upper 50 cm of the water column (Streams 1992). The fifth instar and adults hunt below 50 cm depth in the water column (Streams 1992). Notonecta kirbyi displays the longest foraging dives of any Notonectinae measured: up to 14.6 minutes, seven times that of the next highest species N. undulata (Streams 1987). This species is rarer than the ubiquitous N. undulata (Rice 1954, Streams 1992) either because it prefers muddy habitat or because we haven't looked hard enough." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5977-TrophicStrategy 5977 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "First and second instar nymphs have been noted to feed on crustaceans (Murdoch et al 1984) third instars and larger feed on larger prey like dytiscid larvae, mayflies, and terrestrial species that fall onto the surface of the water (Murdoch et al 1984). This species will devour anything it can subdue." 1/8/07 13:14 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-ConservationStatus 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is considered a pest throughout most of its range. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-Cyclicity 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight period is from late June through to early September. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-Distribution 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "These beetles are found in pine forests in Canada from British Columbia to Ontario. They have also been found in the USA in Idaho, Minnesota, Michigan, Colorado, Utah and Wyoming." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-GeneralDescription 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The frons has fine punctures with sparse granules. The pronotum has coarse punctures. Has a narrow epistomal process. The declivity is steep and convex. The striae on the declivity are weak impressions and have minute punctures on the declivity. This species has distinct male genitalia. Size ranges from 5.0 mm to 7.3 mm. Pronotum is dark brown and elytra are reddish brown. The distinct punctures on the frons and pronotum allow it to be distinguished from D. punctatus. The distinct frons, male genitalia and galleries distinguish it from D. rufipennis." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-Habitat 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Stumps, windfall and overmature or weakened trees with a DBH of 20 cm or more." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-LifeCycle 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In the spring, overwintering larvae and both young and adults will become active as the local weather begins to warm. Females will emerge and begin to build new galleries in the phloem region of the tree. The galleries are vertical and are shaped irregularly. The galleries have a main region and two or three shallow expansions along the sides of the gallery are excavated. No egg niches are excavated. They will be joined by the male and mating will occur. Eggs are laid in groups of 20 to 50 and after about 10 days they hatch. Females may re-emerge from the gallery and find a new host tree to start a new gallery if sufficient time remains in the season. Larvae feed in groups and will feed in irregular patterns characteristic of the species, leaving some parts of the phloem uneaten. It takes approximately one year for larvae to develop.\n" 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4712-TrophicStrategy 4712 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species mainly feeds on Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine), P. contorta (Lodgepole Pine) in Alberta. It also feeds on P. strobus outside of Alberta." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6164-Distribution 6164 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "NL to YT. In Alberta it has been collected in the Boreal, Parklands and Mountain regions, where it is locally common." 2/13/08 14:34 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6164-GeneralDescription 6164 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.8-2.0 cm wingspan) day-flying moth with black and white wings. The black forewings are crossed by a basal line of scattered white scales, a more prominent white antemedian band and a prominent white postmedian band divided by a series of small black dots and bent sharply outward near the midpoint. The subterminal area is black and is crossed by a subterminal line consisting of a series of small white crescents. Essentially the same pattern occurs on the hindwings. The fringe is black checkered with white at the veins. Very similar to forms of both Rheumaptera hastata and Rheumaptera subhastata, both of which are larger and usually have more extensive areas of black or white. E. alternata is also larger and is mostly grey, not black, and lacks the crisp, busy pattern of sperryi." 2/13/08 14:34 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6164-Habitat 6164 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It frequents open wooded areas, edges, etc." 2/13/08 14:34 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6164-LifeCycle 6164 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "E. sperryi is a diurnal moth. There is a single brood in Alberta, with adults from early May through early July, with the peak in June. The early stages and larval hosts are apparently unknown." 2/13/08 14:34 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6164-TrophicStrategy 6164 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown, but other closely related Palaearctic species all feed on species of bedstraw (Gallium), which is the likely host for sperryi as well." 2/13/08 14:34 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6165-Distribution 6165 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Greater Grapevine Looper is primarily an eastern hardwood forest moth, found from eastern Canada south to FL. It has also been collected west to SK and central AB, where it is rare or accidental." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6165-GeneralDescription 6165 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (35-4.0 cm wingspan) light ochre-yellow moth with broad slightly falcate forewings. Forewings crossed by several narrow rusty-orange lines, the outer two drawn sharply out into a point almost to margin, with darker yellow-orange scaling in area where the two lines meet. Prominent dark discal dot. Hindwings lighter straw yellow, with fragments of dark rust-orange lines near margin in anal area. Antennae simple or nearly so. Sexes similar. The illustrated adult is the specimen from Calgary. Very similar to Eulithis. diversilineata, which averages smaller and has differences in the genitalia and larva, and has small or obsolete discal dots." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6165-Habitat 6165 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It occurs in urban areas and hardwood forest. 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6165-LifeCycle 6165 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal. Like other Eulithis sp., when at rest they curl the abdomen upward and forward over the thorax, breaking up their otherwise moth-like image. The larvae are brown and twig-like, and feed on grapevines (Vitis sp.) and Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus sp.) neither of which occur naturally in Alberta. Handfield (1999) also lists Epilobium as a host, without further details. The Edmonton specimen was collected on July 23, 1915, the Calgary specimen on August 10, 1919." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6166-Distribution 6166 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transcontinental in Canada, south in the east to North Carolina and in the west to Arizona. It has been collected in Alberta." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6166-GeneralDescription 6166 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "One of the two yellow-brown Eulithis regularly encountered in AB, propulsata is a medium-size broad-winged brownish yellow moth with slightly falcate forewings. The forewings are crossed be a series of parallel bent thin brown lines. The space between the antemedian and postmedian lines is slightly darker on the upper half, and contains a number of faint circles and loops. The hindwings are paler yellow buff. Sexes similar, antennae simple. Most similar to E. testata, which is darker orange and has a darker and more contrasting pattern, and a narrow white border on the postmedian line and apical dash. The very rare E. gracilineata is lighter yellow than propulsata, and has the postmedian line dragged out sharply in a single point almost to the outer margin of the forewing. The larva is described and illustrated by Wagner et al, 2001. Choi (2001:16) illustrates the male genitalia." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6166-Habitat 6166 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It has been collected in Alberta in wooded habitats throughout the southern boreal, cordilleran and parkland regions (where it is often the most common Eulithis); rare along river corridors in the grasslands region." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6166-LifeCycle 6166 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood in Alberta, with adults from late June through August, peaking in late July-early August. Reported larval hosts include Ribes, Populus, Salix and Vaccinium (Jones 1951; Handfield, 1999; Miller & Hammond, 2000; Kimber 2005). However, FIDS host data for Alberta is almost exclusively gooseberry and current (Ribes sp.) (Prentice, 1963)." 2/13/08 14:35 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-ConservationStatus 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status No infomation available. 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-Cyclicity 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult specimens in the Strickland Museum were collected in May and June. 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-Distribution 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Pyractomena borealis can be found in central Alberta, in the Edmonton and George Lake areas. It also ranges through much of eastern North America, in Canada from Nova Scotia to Alberta (Bousquet 1991), and in the eastern U.S. from Maine through Wisconsin south to Florida and Texas (Green 1957)." 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-GeneralDescription 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Both male and female adults of P. borealis are 11-19mm long (Green 1957). Their elytra are dark brown with very narrow to obliterated pale margins and a pale elytral suture. The pronotum is subpentagonal in shape, lighter than the elytra, with a dark median vitta (stripe) and sometimes with rosy patches. The lateral edges of the pronotum also have dark vittae, which are often pale and difficult to notice in some specimens. Pyractomena borealis can be differentiated from all other Alberta fireflies, except P. dispersa, by the presence of light organs, which appear as two pale, enamel-like ventral abdominal segments in the male. The female has enamel-like organs confined to the edges of these same segments. The extent of secondary elytral pubescence is useful in differentiating P. borealis from other Pyractomena species. In Pyractomena borealis, this secondary elytral pubescence (very tiny hairs, which give the elytra a dusty appearance) is present on most of the dorsal elytral surface, extending from the apex to about the basal quarter. In some specimens, this pubescence extends further, with only the basal 1/6th of each elytron appearing glabrous. Pyractomena borealis larvae are campodeiform, 17-22mm long in the 5th (last) instar, quite hard bodied, and somewhat flattened dorsoventrally. First instar larvae measure 3.5-4.5mm (Archangelsky 1998). Larval colour ranges from dark brown to brick red, and the pattern can be variegated (Arnett 2001). The abdomen narrows gradually to the 10th (last) segment, which is very small and contains the larval hold-fast organ. This structure is like a posterior foot; it has 10 protractible finger-like structures, each covered in tiny hooks, which allow the larvae to grasp surfaces or objects. The head of these larvae is long and narrow, and can be fully retracted into the thorax (Archangelsky 1998).\nRoyal Alberta Museum page" 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-Habitat 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Wet, wooded areas." 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-LifeCycle 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Pyractomena borealis overwinters as a 5th instar larvae. The overwintering position is usually on a tree trunk some distance from the ground, and often on the southern exposure in the path of winter sunlight (Lloyd 1997). Larvae hang head down by their posterior hold-fast organ. The hold-fast organ is used not only to grip trees, but aids in larval movement and is used to groom the head after feeding, or the body after moving about in soil or debris. Pupation occurs in the early spring and lasts 4 to 5 days. Mating occurs very soon after adult emergence, and 3 to 4 days after mating a clutch of up to 100 eggs is laid in cracks in tree bark, or under loose pieces of bark. First instar larvae hatch after a month; subsequent larval moults occur in the same head-downward position that is exhibited during pupation and overwintering. Each instar, except the 5th, lasts less than 20 days (Archangelsky 1998). Both males and females are luminous." 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5431-TrophicStrategy 5431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on snails. In the first three instars, multiple larvae may feed on a single snail, while later instars become solitary predators. The protractible head of P. borealis allows it to reach into narrow portions of a snail's shell, and the mandibles have an internal channel that is used to inject digestive fluids into the prey (Archangelsky 1998)." 6/3/05 9:07 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-ConservationStatus 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundant. 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-Cyclicity 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity More abundant in early spring and early fall but also active in the summer. 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-Distribution 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout North America (Downie and Arnett, 1996)." 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-GeneralDescription 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The head and thorax of the larva are of dark red to dark brown color. Its abdomen is of a dirty gray to brown color (Voris, 1939). A mature larva is about 20 to 25mm in length and 3.5mm in width (Voris, 1939). Larvae are cylindrical and stout (Voris, 1939). The adult C. maxillosus is a large rove beetle with a size varying between 12 and 23mm (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). This shiny black species is characterized by the presence of yellow-gray setae on the posterior angles of the head and anterior angle of the pronotum (Arnett and Thomas, 2000). The yellow-gray setae are more obviously found on the 2nd and 3rd (sometime 4th) abdominal segments and on the elytra where they form wide variable bands encircling the body. Like the other species of the genus Creophilus, the disk of the pronotum and most of the disc on the neck are nearly free of punctures or setae (Smetana and Davies, 2000). The tarsal formula is 5-5-5 and the legs are entirely black. The antennae are composed of 11 segments." 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-Habitat 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Can be found in wooded areas but prefer more open ground. Found also in synanthropic habitat (Downie and Arnett, 1996)." 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-LifeCycle 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Total duration of development of C. maxillosus from the deposition of the egg to the emergence of the adult is approximately 37 days (Kramer, 1955). The milky white colored eggs are about 2 to 3 mm in length and hatch after approximately 3 days depending on temperature (Voris, 1939). Emergence of the adult from the obtect pupa (length=11mm, width=4mm) takes approximately 13 days (Voris, 1939). The adult C. maxillosus flies well and possesses a chemical defense mechanism (Jefson et al, 1983). Its movable abdomen is used to bring the eversible gland (containing the chemical) in contact with the enemy. The principal ingredient of the chemical defense is called dihydronepetalactone (Jefson et al, 1983)." 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5432-TrophicStrategy 5432 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Commonly found on dung and carrion of all kinds where it feeds on adult and immature dipteran species (Downie and Arnett, 1996)." 6/6/05 8:14 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-ConservationStatus 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not currently a concern. Subarctic bluets are not commonly found and their biology is not well documented. It remains the least known Eurasian bluet (Walker 1953, Acorn 2004)." 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-Cyclicity 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults fly late May to late July depending on latitude. 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-Distribution 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Most northerly range of the Eurasian bluets with records in Alaska, Yukon, Northwest Territories, throughout most of Canada and east to Newfoundland. Found in some northerly states towards the east and much of New England." 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-GeneralDescription 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The subarctic bluet is similar in size and proportions to the taiga bluet (C. resolutum) but has different colour patterns and markings (Walker 1953). Males have a black mark on the underside of the thorax in the shape of a Y while the taiga bluet has no markings (Westfall and May 1996). On each side of the top of the thorax are wide, broken blue strips (appear to be on their shoulders) that are wider than the black strips below (Walker 1953, Acorn 2004). Female subarctic bluets also have black markings on the underside of the thorax (Westfall and May 1996) Abdominal segments 3 to 7 have dark streaks on the underside and blue or greenish rings, segments 8 and 9 have blue or greenish areas on the dorsal surface (Walker 1953, Acorn 2004). Subarctic bluets are small damselflies, rarely exceeding 3 cm in length.\nLarvae of the subarctic bluet are difficult to distinguish from the other Eurasian bluets (C. angulatum and C. resolutum) or even American bluets (genus Enallagma) or forktails (genus Ischnura). The subarctic bluet has no obvious characters that allows for identification in the field; two published keys use very finely detailed characters (Baker and Clifford 1980, Canning and Canning 1980). Coenagrion larvae are of average stature with the posterior margin of the head rounded and eyes not very prominent (Walker 1953)." 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-Habitat 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open marshes and bogs with cool water and preferably abundant aquatic mosses. 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-LifeCycle 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is no specific life history information available for the subarctic bluet. However, they occur in the same range and have similar seasonality to the prairie and taiga bluets and therefore will likely have comparable life styles. Sawchyn and Gillott (1975) performed a detailed study on the biology of prairie taiga bluets in Saskatchewan. Females lay soft, creamy-white eggs during June and July in cuts made in living, aquatic plant tissue. Embryonic development takes 2 to 3 weeks. Larvae develop rapidly and near completion by October. They over-winter in one of the final three stages (instars) of development, frozen in the ice that forms in their shallow habitat. The larvae intentionally place themselves where they become embedded in the ice but do not freeze. The larvae remain dormant until April when the ice melts and then continues development. This adaptation likely does not occur throughout the subarctic bluets range. Larvae leave the water to become adults by mid-June. Newly emerged adults disperse from the larval habitat to feed and mature. Maturation requires about 1 week and mating occurs away from the water, oviposition occurs within 2 weeks of adult emergence. Oviposition occurs with the male still attached to the female. Eggs are may be deposited above or below the water surface on floating or emergent vegetation. Baker and Clifford (1981) report that taiga bluets can take two years to complete their life cycle; this is likely the case with prairie bluets." 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5857-TrophicStrategy 5857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Specific diet is unknown but likely similar to that of the taiga bluet. Adults feed on flies (e.g. midges) (Sawchyn and Gillott 1975). Larvae prey upon fly larvae, water fleas, other odonate larvae and assorted invertebrates (Baker and Clifford 1981)." 4/10/06 8:32 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-ConservationStatus 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is a major forest pest throughout its range. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-Cyclicity 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight period begins in mid July and lasts until late August. This may vary with local climates. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-Distribution 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This beetle is found in conifer forests throughout its range. In Canada it is found in British Columbia and Alberta. In the USA it is found in all US states west of South Dakota. It is also found along the Pacific coast as far south as Baja California, Mexico." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-GeneralDescription 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "There is no frontal groove on the frons. The pronotum has coarse, closely spaced punctures that may have granules. The elytral declivity is dull and may have small granules. It may look similar to D. jeffreyi Hopkins, but pronotal features and smaller size distinguish it. It may also look similar to D. adjunctus Blandford." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-Habitat 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Windfall and weak or overmature trees with a DBH of more than 15 cm. 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-LifeCycle 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Beetles and larvae will become active in the spring as the weather begins to warm. Mature females will extend galleries and may or may not continue to oviposit. Some females will reemerge. Females that emerge will find bark crevices and excavate to the cambium. Egg galleries are vertical and straight and found within the phloem region, which may score or stain the cambium. The male will then join the female and mate, after mating the male may leave the gallery. Eggs are laid in egg niches, two eggs may be laid in one niche. There is a 7 to 10 day period before hatching followed by approximately a 300 day larval period. By June of the year after the eggs were laid most larvae have pupated, and most are mature by mid July. After the one month maturation period the newly mature adults will emerge weather conditions are appropriate. During outbreaks it will attack any acceptable hosts of any conifer species." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4713-TrophicStrategy 4713 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "In Alberta, this species feeds on Pinus albicaulis (White-bark Pine), P. contorta (lodgepole pine), P. flexilis (limber pine) and P. monticola (western white pine). It feeds on many other Pinus species in the rest of its range." 6/14/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-ConservationStatus 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-Cyclicity 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late July into September in Alberta; peak flight in early August. 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-Distribution 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread throughout the eastern half of the continent, north and west to Alberta and south to FL (McGuffin 1987)." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-GeneralDescription 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large ochre or yellowish fall-flying geometrid. Extremely variable markings and colouration, to the point where barely two individuals are alike. Ranges from pale tan and almost completely unmarked to ochre with heavy transverse lines and extensive dark mottling. Despite this variability, lineola can be separated from similar species by the PM line, which forms a sharp point near the forewing apex. In other species (Synaxis jubararia, Synaxis pallulata and Tetracis sp.), the PM line is straight near the wing apex." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-Habitat 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mixedwood and deciduous forests and woodlands. 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-LifeCycle 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Much like the adult, larvae are extremely variable in colouration, and mimic twigs. Adults are nocturnal and come to light (McGuffin 1987)." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4487-TrophicStrategy 4487 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are polyphagous on deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs. Favoured hosts include trembling aspen (Populus), balsam fir (Abies), white birch (Betula), willow (Salix) and balsam poplar (Populus) (Prentice 1963)." 4/8/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-ConservationStatus 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Of limited distribution in Alberta, but there are no obvious conservation concerns." 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-Cyclicity 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity No local data available; May to August in BC (Jones 1951). 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-Distribution 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution A western montane species. Southwestern AB and southern BC to California (McGuffin 1972). 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-GeneralDescription 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A cream-white moth speckled with tan scales, and with even grey PM and AM lines on both fore and hindwings. Discal spots absent. P virginalis is similar, but lacks the tranverse lines\n" 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-Habitat 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat No information available; probably associated with mixed and deciduous forests. 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-LifeCycle 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "McGuffin (1972) describes the early stages based in part on Dyar's (1906) work. Larvae go through five instars, and pupate before overwintering. Virtually no distribution and flight period data avaiable for Alberta.\n\n" 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4489-TrophicStrategy 4489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae feed on Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides) and willows (Salix spp.) (Prentice 1963). 4/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-ConservationStatus 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "A fairly common, widespread species; no concerns." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-Cyclicity 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta adults fly in September and again early April - late May. 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-Distribution 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec, Maine and New York west across southern Canada to Vancouver Island, north to the Northwest Territories and south in the mountains to Arizona and California. In Alberta it is widespread in the parkland, boreal and montane regions, and also in wooded valleys in the grasslands region (Medicine Hat and Dinosaur Provincial Park)." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-GeneralDescription 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (4.0-4.8 cm wingspan) narrow-winged moth with blue-grey forewings and a prominent pale orbicular spot. There is a long thin basal dash and dark contrasting veins; normal lines mostly obsolete and the subterminal line a series of small blackish wedges between the veins. The orbicular is erect, oblong and pale, and the reniform is high and narrow, slightly concave on the outer side, and pale ringed with some dark filling, especially at the lower end. The hindwings are pale brown-grey. The abdomen lacks tufts. The male genitalia lack a recognizable corona, cucullus and digitus. The sexes are similar, but females are darker. Spring specimens are much paler (faded) than freshly emerged fall ones. The similar L. fagina is smaller, has a contrasting pale frosted-looking costa, and lacks the normal spots, darkened veins and other markings of georgii. Cucullia intermedia is also similar but has pointed forewings (squared in Lithophane)." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-Habitat 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mature deciduous woodland, plantations, etc." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-LifeCycle 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single annual brood, with the adults emerging in the fall and hibernating for the winter, re-appearing in April and laying eggs in the spring. The larvae are climbing cutworms or fruit-worms. They are green with a wide pale dorsal stripe, narrow subdorsal stripes and a wide stigmatal line." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4503-TrophicStrategy 4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "A wide variety of deciduous trees and shrubs, including spiraea, hawthorn (Crataegus), maple (Acer), alder (Alnus), dogwood (Cornus), apple Malus), cherry (Prunus), current (Ribes), and willow (Salix). Young fruit as well as foliage is consumed (Rings et al,1992)." 4/13/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6399-Distribution 6399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Arctic Alpine – from northern Quebec across Nunavut to Yukon, south in the Mountains to southern Alberta and BC. In Alberta it has been collected in the Willmore Widernesss area, at Nordegg and Lake Louise." 4/28/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6399-GeneralDescription 6399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx 3 cm wingspan) broad-winged brown diurnal moth. The wings are medium-dark brown, with faint wavy crosslines, the most prominent being the antemedian and postmedian. There is a dark discal spot on the forewing, and a faint discal mark on the hindwing, and the veins are lined with slightly darker brown scales. The wings are lightly checkered with darker scales at the veins. Male antennae bipectinate, female simple. Most likely to be mistaken for a Dodia species (Arctiinae). Similar also to Macaria simplex which is much smaller, and species of Entephria, which are paler and with a much more contracting pattern." 4/28/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6399-LifeCycle 6399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Diurnal. Almost nothing is known of the life history. Alberta specimens were collected from mid July through mid-August. Possibly bi-annual in Alberta. 4/28/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4794-Distribution 4794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western moth, found from Saskatchewan west to British Columbia, south to California. Widespread in the southern half of Alberta, in the southern boreal forest, parklands and foothills; also found in the wooded parts of the river valleys in the grasslands region. Probably more widespread in the boreal forest, but missed due to the early flight period." 7/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4794-GeneralDescription 4794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2.2 cm wingspan) day-flying moth. The forewings are banded rust pale orange and dark brown and black, with a wide dark blackish median band. The hindwings are bright yellow-orange, crossed by several narrow incomplete dark bands and a wider dark terminal band. Other colorful spring flying geometrids are deeper red-orange or rusty brown. Unmistakable." 7/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4794-Habitat 4794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Southern boreal forest, parklands and foothills; also found in the wooded parts of the river valleys in the grasslands region." 7/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
4794-LifeCycle 4794 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Little information is available for this pretty little moth. It is one of the earliest moths to emerge, appearing as early as the first 10 days of April, peaking in late April and early May. It is strictly diurnal as befits an early emergent moth. Adults will visit flows for nectar. The larval host(s) and early stages are apparently unknown." 7/9/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6398-Distribution 6398 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Central Manitoba to northern Alberta, south to California and Mexico. In Alberta stellata has been collected in the boreal forest north of Lake Athabasca (La Butte Creek) south to about Buffalo Lake in the Aspen parklands." 4/28/08 15:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6398-GeneralDescription 6398 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small moth (approx. 2 cm wingspan) with mottled brown-pink forewings crossed by an irregular and usually incomplete basal and median band of black. Hind wings paler, with a small dark discal dot, dark grey-pink shading along the outer margin and a broad blackish stripe along the inner margin. In Alberta it could only be confused with E. bowmani Cass. & Swett., which is much smaller and darker and is known only from the Alberta foothills and Manitoulin Island, ON." 4/28/08 15:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6398-Habitat 6398 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta stellata has been collected in the boreal forest north of Lake Athabasca (La Butte Creek) south to about Buffalo Lake in the Aspen parklands. 4/28/08 15:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6398-LifeCycle 6398 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Very poorly known. There appears to be a two annual broods; a small one in early June and a larger one from late July through early September. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The early stages and larval hosts appear to be unknown. The fact that it was not recorded during the FIDS surveys suggests it uses a non-woody host. 4/28/08 15:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-ConservationStatus 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, at one time a severe pest of wild birch, now a minor aesthetic pest." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-Cyclicity 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Early to mid May until June or July, later at high elevations." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-Distribution 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "European native, Northeast United States, Eastern Canada, Alberta, Northwest Territories, Alaska." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-GeneralDescription 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: Small black sawflies. Females only. 4.5 mm long. Black thorax with yellow pronotum and tegula, white legs but with coxa and basal half of femur black. Forewing with slight brown band.\n\nLarvae: Creamy white with distinct brown head capsule about 8 mm long at the last feeding stage. One of only three species in Alberta to feed inside birch leaves. Dorso-ventrally flattened with a prognathous (forward-facing) head. Ventral side of thorax with brown or black banding, only easily visible on 1st segment. This banding can be used to distinguish between two other birch leafmining species, Profenusa thomsoni and Fenusa pusilla in which the bands are larger and more distinct on the 2nd and 3rd thoracic and 1st abdominal segments. The 1st thoracic segment of H. nemoratus larva is wider in the middle than at the union with the head and 2nd thoracic segments when viewed from the ventral or dorsal aspect.\n\nThe position and character of the larval mine can be occasionally used to identify larvae if found alone in birch leaves. Heterarthrus nemoratus mine near the edge of the leaf forming a blotch shaped mine that rarely reaches the mid-rib. Larval mines appear reddish brown and readily crack and break when handled. When opened, mines are usually free of frass. By comparison, P. thomsoni and F. pusilla tend to mine near the bottom or centre of the leaf, occasionally reaching the edge as later instar larvae and have mines filled with frass.\n\nPupae: Pupation occurs in the leaf, larvae spin a silk cocoon between the upper and lower surface of the leaf within the larval mine. Pupal cells appear lens-like when viewed through the leaf. Heterarthrus nemoratus is the only birch leafmining sawfly to pupate in the leaf.\n\nAdapted from Smith 1971, Glasgow 1932, Becker 1938 and Lindquist 1959." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-Habitat 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Unknown for adults, larva feeders on wild and ornamental birch." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-LifeCycle 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females emerge in mid May to late July and fly to mature birch leaves where they lay 3-5 eggs per leaf (Drouin and Wong 1984, Lindquist 1959). The species is believed to be parthenogenic (Smith 1971). Eggs are usually deposited in a slit cut at the edge of the leaf. Larvae hatch approximately 20 days later and feed inside the leaf, and are generally restricted to the outer 2/3rds of the blade (Becker 1938). Pupation occurs inside the leaf, the insect overwintering in this stage, either on the ground or in the tree (Arru 1988). There is one generation per year in North America. Severe damage can result from multiple larvae feeding inside one leaf, resulting in a burned appearance to the whole tree. Occasionally found feeding inside leaves with either or both Profenusa thomsoni and Fenusa pusilla." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5775-TrophicStrategy 5775 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Primarily a feeder on members of the Betulaceae, common on a number of species of Betula (Birch). May feed on Alnus (Alder) and Corylus (hazelnut) (Becker 1938)." 8/16/05 10:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-ConservationStatus 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Unknown, presumably not of concern" 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-Cyclicity 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Unclear, possibly two generations per year, adults have been collected from May to September." 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-Distribution 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Smith (1971) stated likely transcontinental across northern US and southern Canada. 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-GeneralDescription 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: Females only, males unknown. Black sawflies 4.0 mm long, legs yellowish. Teeth of lancet (saw) lobed and rounded at apex, each with a anterior and posterior tooth near the ventral margin. Metallus sp. can be distinguished by the hairy mesonotum and wide pedicel.\n\nLarvae: Poorly described but resembling Metallus rohweri. Metallus rohweri distinguished by cylindrical body, slightly dorso-ventrally flattened with a white head capsule. Head is also diamond shaped from above. Brown crescent shaped marks over each proleg. Thoracic legs are 5 segmented with a tarsal claw. Metallus capitalis lacks plates on the ventral portion of the thorax visible in larvae of M. rohweri. \n\nAdapted from Smith 1971 and Goulet 1992." 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-Habitat 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Unknown for adults, larva reared from Raspberry" 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-LifeCycle 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. A leafminer. Smith (1971) surmised there may be two generations per year. based on the long season with most adults collected in August. While larvae may resemble those of M. rohweri adults can be distinguished by yellow legs. 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5776-TrophicStrategy 5776 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae have been reared feeding from the Rosaceae on Rubus (Raspberry). Otherwise unknown. 8/16/05 11:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-ConservationStatus 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare. Apparently restricted to sandy areas in SE Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-Cyclicity 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July and August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-Distribution 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Type material from Aweme, Manitoba (McDunnough). Reported from dunes in Michigan (Scholtens, 1996). There is a specimen from the Pinery area in Ontario in the Canadian National Collection (CNC). Not mentioned for Alberta by Bowman (1951). Specimens collected by D. F. Hardwick on July 10, 1951 at Manyberries, and by E. E. Sterns on July 13, 1956, are in the Canadian National Collection. Collected on August 13, 2008 by Gary Anweiler from sand dunes, 70 km NE of Suffield, Alberta." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-GeneralDescription 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium sized crambid with a wingspan of 22-25 mm. Members of the genus Loxocrambus can be recognized by having a roughly 45 degree-angled bulge in the end of the outer margin of the forewing. Back of this there are three black dots and a ST line which is close to and which parallels the terminus. Cubital vein from base to end of cell, white, with slight dark shading below. The related Loxocrambus coloradellus occurs farther south. It is somewhat smaller, wingspan 17-22 mm, and has a PM line which is lacking in awemensis, and an ST line which is farther back from the terminus of the forewing." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-Habitat 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Sand dune areas. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-LifeCycle 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23016-TrophicStrategy 23016 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "George Balogh reared a specimen from a pupa in a sand tube near dune grasses at Saugatuck dunes, Michigan (Scholtens, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-ConservationStatus 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-Distribution 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species has Transamerican distribution. In Canada, it is present in North-West Territories, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick (Lindroth, 1954, Majka et al., 2007, CBIF, 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-GeneralDescription 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are black, dull and narrow, 6.2 - 8 mm in length. Antennae are reddish-brown. Head is somewhat larger than Amara angustata. Prothorax characteristically wide about the middle with front angles more protruding than other species, usually straight sides in basal half, oblique outer basal fovea. Elytra long slightly rounded with pore puncture at the base and lighter reddish to dull black with greenish or bluish luster. Legs are dark reddish - brown. Male hind tibia internally have short hair outgrowth. Male genitalia internally bear a scaly sac like structure. Lateral lobes are hooked which are short and prominent (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-Habitat 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This species is usually found on open habitats. Meadows are preferred and generally abundant near water sources (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-LifeCycle 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle No specific information on biology of this species is available. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20670-TrophicStrategy 20670 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults feed on seeds of mainly grasses such as P. pratensis (Lundgren, 2009)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-ConservationStatus 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Probably of no concern, a minor pest in some areas." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-Cyclicity 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Early July to early August in Alberta, mid June to late August elsewhere." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-Distribution 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Quebec, south to Florida and California." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-GeneralDescription 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is light straw-yellow usually with some slightly darker shading along the outer margin and a pale fringe. There is some sexual dimorphism, with females typically having a slightly narrower forewing. The hindwing is light grey with white along the costa and a white fringe. Overall it is similar to the much more frequently encountered Clepsis clemensiana, however X. pallorana lacks a costal fold in the male.\nThe larva is yellowish green with a dark spot in the eyes. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)\nThe pupa is strikingly bicolored with the dorsal half dark green and blackish while the ventral portion is greenish ivory. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-Habitat 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open habitiats. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-LifeCycle 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larva hibernates in a mid-instar inside a folded leaf, resuming feeding in the springtime and pupating on the host plant. The larva feeds by tieing leaves and flowers of its host plant together. (Chapman & Lienk 1971; MacKay 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21716-TrophicStrategy 21716 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds primarily on legumes like Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and White Sweet Clover (Melilotus alba), though while wandering can defoliate a variety of other plants including pine seedlings. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20542-Cyclicity 20542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Late August in Alberta, June to August elsewhere (Razowski 1979)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20542-Distribution 20542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alaska to Newfoundland, south in mountainous areas to New Hampshire, Colorado, and Utah. Also found in some mountain ranges in the northern Palearctic (Razowski 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20542-GeneralDescription 20542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing varies from pale white to reddish brown but is most commonly light yellow. A brown line is normally prominent from the middle of the costa to the anal angle and a similarly coloured small mark near the apex. A small basal dark marking and reticulations throughout the forewing are also occasionally present. The hindwing is usually off-white, but can occasionally be grey." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20542-Habitat 20542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The alpine and subalpine. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
20542-TrophicStrategy 20542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva feeds upon Subalpine Larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) in Alaska. (Razowski 2002) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-ConservationStatus 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Widespread but rarely collected in most localities, probably of no concern." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-Cyclicity 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid June to late August (Razowski 1977) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-Distribution 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in the boreal forest from Alberta to Nova Scotia, south to Minnesota and in the Appalachians to North Carolina." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-GeneralDescription 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adult is readily identified by the pristine white forewings sharply contrasting with jagged jet black bands in the antemedian, median, and postmedian areas." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-Habitat 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Boreal forest. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23236-TrophicStrategy 23236 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea). (Razowski 1977) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6373-Distribution 6373 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Across southern Canada from the Maritimes to BC, south to the Gulf of Mexico and southern California. In Alberta known only from Lethbridge." 4/1/08 14:17 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6373-GeneralDescription 6373 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (3.5-5.0 cm wingspan), yellow-brown or rusty-brown with an unusually long abdomen. The forewings are dusted with grey scales usually shading the wings darker in the median and outer areas. Markings are confined to a series of small dark dots marking the postmedian and terminal lines. The reniform and orbicular are faintly indicated. The hindwings are shaded with more grey on the outer half, and the discal mark is usually visibly. The more common A. subflava is lighter in color, especially on the hindwings, and lacks the terminal series of dots on the forewing." 4/1/08 14:17 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6373-Habitat 6373 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "They are found in and near wetlands with large species of aquatic emergents, in particular cattails and bulrushes (Typha and sp.)." 4/1/08 14:17 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6373-LifeCycle 6373 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood each year. The larvae are reported to start off as leaf miners, but develop into stem borers and spend the later part of their cycle below waterline. They pupate within the stem of the host. The Alberta specimen was collected on August 26, 1940." 4/1/08 14:17 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6374-Distribution 6374 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia west to BC, south to New Jersey in the east and Utah and California in the west." 4/1/08 14:24 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6374-GeneralDescription 6374 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (3.5-4.0 cm wingspan) with pale yellow brown to deep rust brown forewings with a darker shade along the cubital vein and a prominent row of dark dots marking the postmedian line where it crosses the veins, and a dark shade in the middle of the outer margin. The hind wings are tan to almost white, much paler than the forewings. Similar to Archanara oblonga, but subflava is generally much lighter in color, has much paler hindwings and lacks the row of terminal dots on the forewings. The illustrated specimen on the right is from the Moths of Canada website; the dark specimen is from Grant Co., WA." 4/1/08 14:24 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6374-Habitat 6374 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It occurs locally throughout most of Alberta, in all natural regions. It is found is and near marshes and other wetlands." 4/1/08 14:24 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6374-LifeCycle 6374 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood each year. The larvae are borers in cattails, rushes and bulrushes (Typha, Scirpus). The life history is very similar to that described for A. oblonga." 4/1/08 14:24 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5311-Distribution 5311 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Maine and Pennsylvania west to central Alberta. In Alberta it has been collected along the southern edge of the boreal forest west to the Holmes Crossing sandhills near Ft. Assiniboine and the Red Deer River valley at McKenzie Crossing, west of Big Valley." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5311-GeneralDescription 5311 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A robust hairy medium-sized (approximately 4.5 cm wingspan) grey moth with black markings. Forewings grey with dull black lines and streaks. The antemedian and postmedian lines are complete, the former erratic and the later arcing basad near the costa. The claviform spot is outlined in black, as are the veins, and there are short black streaks running to the margin between the veins. The hind wings are white with a light dusting of grey. The veins are lined with dark scales, there is a prominent dark discal lunule, and a dark terminal line broken at the veins. Fringe white. Sexes similar but male antennae pectinate, female simple or serrate. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Poole (op. cit.)" 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5311-Habitat 5311 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Collected in boreal woodland and in dry wooded parts of the aspen Parklands. 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5311-LifeCycle 5311 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. There is a single annual brood, with adults on the wing in early spring (mid-April through early May). The larvae are described in Poole (op.cit.). Larvea have been reared from blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.). Birch is a favored host of related B. nebulosa in Europe, and we suspect it is also a host of borealis in North America." 2/10/05 0:00 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6375-Distribution 6375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A prairie species, found from New Jersey and New Hampshire, Ontario, Ohio and Wisconsin west across southern Canada to BC, south to California and Arizona. In Alberta it has been collected throughout the grasslands region, as well as in the boreal forest near Ft. Assiniboine and the mountains at Waterton Lakes National Park." 4/1/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6375-GeneralDescription 6375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-small moth (2.8-3.0 cm. wingspan) with grey-brown forewings and dirty white hindwings. Forewing marking reduced , but the antemedian and postmedian lines are at least partly traceable in many specimens. The most prominent marking is the dark bar forming the reniform spot, and in some specimens also a dark orbicular dot. The forewings darken toward the outer margin into a broad dark grey brown terminal shade. The hindwings are white, with a grey discal mark and some grey-brown shading along the outer margin. Antennae simple. Sexes similar." 4/1/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6375-Habitat 6375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it has been collected throughout the grasslands region, the boreal forest and the mountains." 4/1/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6375-LifeCycle 6375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal. 4/1/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-ConservationStatus 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon. 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-Cyclicity 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to July. 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-Distribution 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Fennoscandia and the northeastern part of Russia; also in North America where is has been found from Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador west to the Yukon (Munroe 1976). Type Locality St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay. Reported from Areas 19 (Banff National Park), 20 (Nordegg) and 21 (Jasper National Park) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) but Nordegg material called L. commixtalis in UASM was actually of L. cereralis. Kenneth Bowman specimens of L. cereralis, collected in Banff, Edmonton, Jasper and Nordegg were misidentified as L. commixtalis. In Alberta, known from the Wagner Natural Area and Richardson River Dunes Provincial Park." 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-GeneralDescription 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan 20-26 mm. Forewings extensively dusted with light bluish gray. PM line with weak triangular expansions of the veins. Hind wings above gray. The genitalia are described in Munroe (1976). Closest to L. cereralis but smaller, darker, lacking noticeably expanded veins in the forewings, and in bogs, not in open grassy areas." 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-Habitat 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat A boreal species associated with bogs. 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-LifeCycle 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Mainly a day-flying species. 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6364-TrophicStrategy 6364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 3/27/08 11:39 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-ConservationStatus 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon. 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-Cyclicity 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity 20 May to 12 June. 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-Distribution 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The subspecies albertalis ranges from Manitoba west to the southern interior of British Columbia, north to the Northwest Territories and Alaska (Munroe (1976). The Type Locality of the subspecies is Gleichen, Alberta. Reported from Areas 6 (Calgary) and 20 (Nordegg) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as L. albertalis." 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-GeneralDescription 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Forewing ground color bluish gray, with a whitish PM line and a dark discal spot. The hindwings have a bluish gray ground color and a whitish PM line, but also have a whitish medial area. Wingspan 20-24 mm. The genitalia of anartalis are described by Munroe (1976). Similar to L. ephippialis but the latter is smaller, has a forewing that has a fine black PM line and a large, dark, wedge-shaped median area that is widest at the costa; while the hind wings have a poorly developed PM line and the medial area is not as whitish." 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-Habitat 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Poorly known. 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-LifeCycle 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6365-TrophicStrategy 6365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 3/27/08 11:42 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-ConservationStatus 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon. Probably of no concern. 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-Cyclicity 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May. 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-Distribution 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland and Maine west to Alberta, the Northwest Territories and Yukon (Munroe 1976). Type Locality St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Ontario, as Scopula marginalis. In Alberta, reported from Areas 8 (Red Deer), 10 (Edmonton, Wabamun) and 20 (Nordegg) by Bowman (1951) as Pyrausta marginalis." 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-GeneralDescription 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspread 15-17 mm. A small, dark brown, short-winged moth with a white PM line on both dorsal fore and hind wings, and a robust body. Similar to Loxostege ephippialis but the latter lacks the white PM lines and instead has a large, dark, wedge-shaped area in the center of the dorsal fore wings." 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-Habitat 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The moths frequent boggy and marsh places, where they fly rapidly close to the ground, often in bright sunlight (Munroe 1976)." 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-LifeCycle 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown. The short wings, robust body, dark color and reduced eyes are adaptations to a day-flying habit (Munroe 1976)." 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6366-TrophicStrategy 6366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae should be looked for on species of Rumex and Polygonum growing in wet places Munroe (1976). 3/27/08 13:06 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-ConservationStatus 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Locally common, of no concern." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-Cyclicity 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late May to mid July. 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-Distribution 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Phlyctaenia coronata coronata is a European subspecies, while P. coronata tertialis is a North American one. The latter occurs from Newfoundland and Quebec to British Columbia, north to the Northwest Territories and south to Mississippi, Louisiana and Florida (Munroe 1976). Reported from Areas 10 (Edmonton) and 20 (Nordegg) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as P. tertialis Gn. Also known in Alberta from the Chambers Recreational Area, Erskine, George Lake, Lac La Biche, Lacombe, Rochon Sands Provincial Park, the J.J. Collett Natural Area and Winfield." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-GeneralDescription 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan 22-25 mm. Fore and hind wings above grayish brown, infuscated with pale white areas; a PM line of white areas and a subterminal line of white spots. The genitalia of the nominate subspecies are described by Munroe (1976). Somewhat similar to Sitochroa chortalis." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-Habitat 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Boreal forest, mixedwood and aspen parkland areas." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-LifeCycle 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae of P. coronata coronata occupy webs on the underside of leaves (Goater, 1986). Adults come to light." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6367-TrophicStrategy 6367 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "In Europe, Goater (1986) states that the larvae of the nominate subspecies feed on elder (Sambucus nigra). Sambucus racemosa occurs in Alberta. The North American food plant, or plants, have not yet been discovered." 3/27/08 13:16 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6222-Cyclicity 6222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta adults are on the wing from mid July through early August. 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6222-Distribution 6222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern species, found from Nova Scotia west to the foothills of Alberta and the Black Hills of South Dakota, south in the east to NC and KY. In AB it is fairly widespread in the Aspen parklands, west to Nordegg and north to Peace River and Touchwood lake near Lac la Biche. Also in the wooded valleys of the grasslands south to Dinosaur P. P. Found in open woods, edges and shrubby areas." 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6222-GeneralDescription 6222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized moth (approx. 3.2-2.6 cm wingspan). Forewings either pale grey or more commonly grey-brown, crossed by a faint, doubled antemedian and postmedian line. The most prominent markings are the black filling between the antemedian line and the orbicular, and between the orbicular and the reniform. Orbicular spot quadrangular, not round. There are usually also several small dark marks on the costa and a larger one just basad of the apex. The terminal area is darker shaded. Hindwings light grey-brown with a dark discal mark and pale fringe. Antennae simple, sexes similar. Most like X. smithii, which has a round orbicular and lacks the prominent black scaling before and after." 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6222-LifeCycle 6222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. In Alberta adults are on the wing from mid July through early August. The larva is described by Lafontaine (1998). Larvae feed mostly on shrubs, including blueberry (Ericaceae), cherry, raspberry and meadowsweet (Spiraea) (Rosaceae, and sweetfern (Myrica) (Myricaceae) (Crumb 1956)." 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6222-TrophicStrategy 6222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed mostly on shrubs, including blueberry (Ericaceae), cherry, raspberry and meadowsweet (Spiraea) (Rosaceae, and sweetfern (Myrica) (Myricaceae)" 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-ConservationStatus 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Locally common, of no concern." 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-Cyclicity 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to early July. 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-Distribution 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The nominate subspecies occurs in the Caribbean area. The ssp. novalis occurs from Medicine Hat, Alberta, to Vernon, British Columbia, and south to Texas and Sandiego Co., California (Munroe 1972). Reported from Areas 6 (Calgary), 10 (Edmonton) and 18 (Hillcrest) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Noctuelia rufofascialis. Also known in Alberta from Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park and East Arrowwood Coulee." 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-GeneralDescription 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan around 18 mm. Forewings rather square with greenish or grayish buff ground color, reddish-brown AM and PM bands, a triangular patch on the middle of the costa and a small apical patch of the same color. The hindwings above are grayish buff with a somewhat lighter median area, and a white fringe. The antennae are filiform and strongly ciliated. The genitalia of the species have been described by Munroe (1972)." 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-Habitat 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry prairie slopes. 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-LifeCycle 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The life history has been described by Heinrich (1921) and Leech (1949). 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6315-TrophicStrategy 6315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva is a seed-feeder of various Malvaceous plants, including Malvastrum spp. (Heinrich 1921, Leech 1949)." 2/28/08 15:35 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-ConservationStatus 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Abundance of this pest species is variable over time and space (Campbell et al. 1989). 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-Cyclicity 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Migration occurs in spring, with peak activity in April/May and September (Culik and Weaver 1994)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-Distribution 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This weevil has been reported in the southern regions of all Canadian provinces, generally south of 50° latitude (Bright and Bouchard 2008). It also occurs in most of the United States, including California, New Mexico and North Carolina (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Bright and Bouchard 2008). It is believed to have been introduced from Europe, where it is widespread (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-GeneralDescription 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Has no setae. Lower third of rostrum is shallowly bisulcate. Has a distinct, weakly elevated, longutidual carnia that blends into the frontal groove. Eyes are convex. Pronotum is widest in the middle, sides are arcuate, anterior constriction line is not evident. Anterior constriction line on the ventral surface is evident about halfway between the coxae and the anterior of the prosternum. Sides of elytra are arcuate. Discal interstriae are 5 to 6 times wider than the striae. Vestiture of elytra has many flat, recumbent scales that are intermixed sparsely with very narrow scales. Most scales are golden or reddish. (Adapted from Bright 1994, Bright and Bouchard 2008)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-Habitat 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Wherever Trifolium repens, T. pretense and other legumes are found (Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-LifeCycle 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Both adult weevils and eggs are able to overwinter (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). Eggs deposited in the spring have an incubation period of one week, depending on ambient conditions (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). Larvae consume the root nodules at early instars and the root tissue, including the tap root at later instars (Davidson and Lyon 1979). New generation adults emerge in June and July and feed on green legume foliage, leaving crescent shaped feeding notches on leaf margins (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989). The life span, on average, is one year (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31242-TrophicStrategy 31242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "In North America and Europe, larvae and adults of this weevil arre commonly found on a number of legume species, including clover species and alfalfa (Murray and Clements 1994, Murray and Clements 1995). Adults feed on the edges of leaves while larvae feed in and on root nodules and roots, and girdling has been recorded (Davidson and Lyon 1979, Campbell et al. 1989)." 1/15/09 8:44 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-ConservationStatus 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not at risk, but rare in Alberta." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-Cyclicity 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "The adults are active from early April to mid-June, probably in May and June in Alberta. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-Distribution 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From Alberta to Nova Scotia, south to South Carolina, Texas, and Washington." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-GeneralDescription 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is sexually dimorphic with females being about 1.5 times as large as the males and are overall much paler. The forewing has a slight dip along the costa near the apex giving the moth a bell-shape appearance at rest. The forewing has prominent smeared bands in the basal area, median band and short sub-apical costal patch and variably expressed fine dark reticulations through the pale parts of the wing. In females the ground colour of the forewing is pale yellow with medium brown bands while in males the bands are dark brown on a light brown background. In females the hindwing is pale yellow with some grey on the inner half while in males it is dark grey with a paler fringe.\nThe larva is yellowish green with the thoracic shield being variably marked with brown, especially along the edges. The head is yellowish or brown with a dark spot amongst the eyes and a dark dash on the cheek. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-Habitat 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous forests. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-LifeCycle 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The eggs are laid in small bunches on the upper-surface of leaves of the host plant. The larva feeds in protective webbing on the underside of leaves and at the end of the season makes a hibernaculum where it hibernates. (Chapman & Lienk 1971) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24086-TrophicStrategy 24086 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds on apple (Malus sp.), blackberry (Rubus sp.), oak (Quercus sp.), maple (Acer sp.), beech (Fagus grandifolia), birch (Betula sp.), and elm (Ulmus sp.). (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5103-Cyclicity 5103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults on the wing from mid May through early August. 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5103-Distribution 5103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Cucullia intermedia occurs from Newfoundland to the coast of BC, south in the east through New England and in the west to CA and central AZ. It is common throughout most of Alberta south of the boreal forest, rare further north." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5103-GeneralDescription 5103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Cucullia intermedia is a medium-size (wingspan 4.5–5 cm) moth with uniformly medium to dark grey forewings, relatively unmarked except for numerous fine dark grey or black longitudinal lines. The normal spots are barely indicated by a faint partial outline of black scales. The hindwings are entirely grey-brown with the veins thinly lined with darker scales. The dark hindwings separate intermedia from all similar-sized Alberta Cucullia species. It is most likely to be confused with Cucullia speyeri, which is usually paler grey, has a small but prominent black streak in the anal angle of the forewing and mostly white hindwings. There are also significant differences in the genitalia of both sexes of the two species. Adults and genitalia of both sexes of intermedia are illustrated by Poole (1995)." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5103-Habitat 5103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It frequents a range of habits, from the grasslands to open boreal woodland and urban areas." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5103-LifeCycle 5103 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There appears to be a single annual brood, with adults on the wing from mid May through early August, peaking in late May and early June. The larva is described by Poole (1995). Larvae have been reared from Lactuca biennis (Moesch.) Fernald and L. canadensis L. (Asteraceae). A large number were also collected from and reared on White birch (Betula) by the Forest Insect and Disease Survey, a most unusual host switch from the Composite herbs used by most species of Cucullia!" 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6381-Distribution 6381 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A widespread moth, found from Newfoundland south through central southern BC south to UT. New England in the east to Vancouver Island in the west and south to central NV, northern AZ and CO. In Alberta it has apparently been collected only along the mountains, from the Crowsnest Pass area north to Nordegg." 4/2/08 14:16 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6381-GeneralDescription 6381 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approximately 4.6-5.0 cm. wingspan) long-winged moth dark grey moth. Most similar to C. florea, but omissa has the costa and lower margin of the forewings darker than the rest of the wing (more evenly colored in florea) and a diffuse brown shade running from the orbicular spot to the apex. Cucullia similaris is paler grey with more contrasting spots. There are also differences in the genitalia. Poole (1995) illustrates the adults and the genitalia of both sexes." 4/2/08 14:16 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6381-Habitat 6381 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "We know little of its specific habitat, but it likely occurs in meadows and other open habitats, including openings in wooded areas." 4/2/08 14:16 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6381-LifeCycle 6381 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single annual brood, with adults in early summer (late June - mid July). Like other Cucullia species, the adults are nocturnal and they come to light. The early stages have not been described. There is a single host plant record from Nova Scotia, where a specimen was reared from a larva on Aster umbellatus (Mill.) (Asteraceae) (Poole, 1995)" 4/2/08 14:16 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6058-Distribution 6058 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Cucullia similaris is a western species, occurring west of the Great Plains from southwestern Alberta west to central southern BC, south to Nevada, Utah and Colorado. In Alberta it is known only from a single historic collection from ""Didsbury""." 6/21/07 13:47 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6058-GeneralDescription 6058 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (4.5-5.0 cm wingspan) grey moth with pointed elongate forewings. The forewings are light grey in the median area shading to darker grey along the costa, with a narrow black border along the lower margin, terminating in a small crescent followed by a black streak. The orbicular and reniform spots are essentially obsolete, reduced to a characteristic freckled streak of white and black scales. The hindwings are dirty white shading to dark grey-brown on the outer half, with the veins finely lined with dark grey scales. The absence of brown on the forewings will separate similaris from montanae, omissa and postera, and the dark streak, crescent and terminal streak along the lower margin will separate similaris from speyeri and intermedia. Cucullia similaris most resembles and is most likely to be confused with C. florea. The forewings of florea are uniform darker grey; those of similaris are paler grey in the median area and darker along the costa and lower margin. The orbicular and reniform spots are barely indicated in florea, while similaris has a characteristic and relatively prominent light and dark freckled strip through the reniform and orbicular area. Adults and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Poole (1995)." 6/21/07 13:47 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6058-LifeCycle 6058 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. There is apparently a single brood and adults come to light. The larva is described in detail and illustrated in color by Petit and Petit. The larvae were found and reared on grey rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseossus) (Petit and Pettit 2003). 6/21/07 13:47 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-ConservationStatus 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Local and uncommon. 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-Cyclicity 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-Distribution 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "TL: AB. Calgary. A western species, occurring in the mountains and foothills from YT south to AZ and NM, west to the Coast Ranges of BC, but replaced along the coast by the closely related D. esurialis. Also a disjunct population in central western CA. The eastern limits of occurrence are unclear. It is known to occur east to the SK-AB boundary, and has been reported to occur across central SK almost to the MB border. Its presence that far east needs confirming. Old records for Vancouver Island probably refer to esurailis." 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-GeneralDescription 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.0 cm. ws.) grey-brown moth easily mistaken for other members of the genus, in particular esurialis in western BC, and dislocata.\nIt is also easy to mistake for a species of Xestia, such as X. normaniana. Worn material, where the dark patch between the orbicular and reniform remains the most prominent marking, can be particularly difficult to identify, and identification may be best made by examining the genitalia. Unlike other Noctuini (except Ochropleura), Diarsia retains a partial corona on the valve. In calgary, the vesica lacks the spine patch found in all other Diarsia but esurialis, and instead has two larger spines, on a plate-like base The valve in calgary is not inflated nor is there a noticeable neck before the cucullus. Female genitalia are indistinguishable or nearly so from both jucunda and dislocata." 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-Habitat 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous woodlands 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6059-TrophicStrategy 6059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Willow (Salix sp.). (in Wolley-Dod). 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6060-Distribution 6060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Pennsylvania south to northern Florida and northern Mexico, west to Arizona and eastern Oregon, north to extreme southwestern Alberta. A single fresh specimen (illustrated above) collected in Waterton National Park in 2006 is the only Canadian record." 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6060-GeneralDescription 6060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3-3.2 cm yellow-brown moth. The thin antemedian and postmedian lines are dark brown, doubled and more prominent toward the costa. The apical half of the forewing beyond the postmedian line is contrasting dark blackish brown. The hindwings vary from light brown to almost white, shading darker toward the margin. The antennae are simple and the sexes are similar. The forewing pattern is unique among Alberta noctuid moths. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Lafontaine (2004)." 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6060-Habitat 6060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta found in dry open woodland and montane grassland. In eastern North America it is associated with relict prairie grasslands. 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6060-LifeCycle 6060 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Dichagyris grotei is single brooded and the adults come to light. The only reported larval host plant is apparently false boneset (Kuhnia eupatorioides L., Asteraceae). Lafontaine (op. cit.) provides a description of the larvae. The Alberta specimen was collected in mid August." 6/21/07 13:48 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6382-Distribution 6382 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widely distributed in western North America, east to extreme southeastern Alberta." 4/2/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6382-GeneralDescription 6382 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A relatively small (2.3-2.5 cm wingspan) broad-winged moth with forewings varying in color from cream-white through pink and orange, crossed by 3 narrow darker pink lines. The hindwings are paler with yellow or pink shading crossed by two incomplete darker pink lines. All four wings have a small black discal dot, and the hindwings in particular are lightly dusted with dark scales. Fringe dark purple. Male antennae bipectinate, female simple. Larvae are green, with many discontinuous fine yellow lines and a series of 10 middorsal red spots (see Miller and Hammond 2003 for color images)." 4/2/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6382-Habitat 6382 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Frequents both dry and wet woodlands with Ceanothus shrub. 4/2/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6382-LifeCycle 6382 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larvae feed on Ceanothus sp. The single Alberta specimen was captured on July 14, 1993." 4/2/08 15:41 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6383-Distribution 6383 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western moth, ranging from extreme southeastern AB west into the dry southern interior of BC, south to Arizona, New Mexico and southern California. In Alberta it has been collected in the Crowsnest Pass area at Burmis." 4/2/08 15:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6383-GeneralDescription 6383 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3 cm wingspan) variably mottled light and dark grey, black and red-brown moth. Body hairy, mottled black and white with a mostly white frons. Forewings usually medium grey. The large orbicular and reniform spots are frequently fused, and may be partly filled with brown scales. The area below the orbicular and outlining the reniform dark red-brown and black, extending outward along veins part way. Subterminal line visible as a line of white or light grey scales, expanding to a white or light red-brown streak above the anal angle. Fringe grey, lightly checkered at the veins with lighter scales. Hind wings dull white, liberally sprinkled with sooty brown scales. Veins lined with black scales, as well as a dark discal mark and a thin dark terminal line. Male antennae broadly bipectinate. Forewing markings are highly variable in color and shade, as implied by the name. The bipectinate antennae and brown-dusted hindwings will help separate it from similar species, as will the genitalia." 4/2/08 15:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6383-LifeCycle 6383 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. There is a single annual brood, which emerges in spring. The Alberta specimens we have seen were reared from larvae collected on Limber pine (Pinus flexilis)." 4/2/08 15:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-ConservationStatus 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Likely not a concern due to widespread distribution. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-Cyclicity 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults begin flying in mid-March in the southern reaches of its habitat and remain active until the end of May in the north. There is likely only one generation per year as demonstrated by S. inornata, a closely related group, which are univoltine (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-Distribution 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Semioscopis merriccella is encountered throughout the northern Unites States and southern Canada from east to west coast (Hodges 1974). 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-GeneralDescription 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Semioscopis merriccella looks similar S. packardella with the overall colouration of the costal margin and most of the forewing being brown (Hodges 1974). The presence of a black band in the basal anterior region of the forewing distinguishes S. packardella from S. merriccella (Hodges 1974). If the band is present in S. merriccella it will be relatively narrow and the costal margin will be concave (Hodges 1974). Forewing length of S. merriccella is usually longer (11 to 15 mm in length) than S. packardella (Hodges 1974). Genitalic features can also be used to distinguish the two species from each other (Hodges 1974). Male S. merriccella have two cornuti on a narrow and curved aedeagus (Hodges 1974). In comparison, the aedeagus of S. packardella males are straight, taper to a point and have eight cornuti (Hodges 1974). Females are distinguished based on the number of inward directed projections on the signum (Hodges 1974). Female S. merriccella have several of these projections while S. packardella females have two (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-Habitat 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Not described but other members of the family are found in deciduous and mixed woods forests (Hodges 1974). Adults have been collected in the northern prairie region (around Edmonton) of Alberta. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-LifeCycle 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Morphology and behaviour of various lifestages not well known. Other members of this genus are leafrollers which feed in June and July and pupate overwinter in the ground (Hodges 1974). 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6287-TrophicStrategy 6287 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larval diet not confirmed other related species in the genus feed on plants from Rosaceae (Hodges 1974). 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-ConservationStatus 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status May not be a concern due to wide distribution. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-Cyclicity 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Other members of the genus are generally univoltine and adults are early fliers (Hodges 1974). Specimens have been collected in early April in the southern portion of its range (Hodges 1974). In Alberta, adults are active in late-April and May." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-Distribution 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Canada, adults have been observed in central Alberta and southern Quebec and Manitoba (Hodges 1974). In the United States, this species has been encountered in California, Idaho and Oregon and in the states between New Jersey and Ohio (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-GeneralDescription 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Similar to S. merriccella, overall forewing colouration (the costal margin and most of the forewing) is brown (Hodges 1974). Both species have a distinct black band in the discal cell region of the forewing and the costal margin of the band is concave (Hodges 1974). In S. packardella, the band appears sinuous and occurs through the entire discal cell length (Hodges 1974). This is distinguished from S. merriccella because the line is often absent in the basal discal cell region (Hodges 1974). With a wing span of approximately 10.0 to 13.5 mm, S. packardella is typically smaller (Hodges 1974). Genitalic characters can also be used to distinguish the two species from each other (Hodges 1974). Semioscopis packardella males have eight cornuti whereas S. merriccella have two (Hodges 1974). In addition, the aedeagus of S. packardella is straight and narrows to a point but in S. merriccella the aedeagus is narrow and curved (Hodges 1974). Females are distinguished based on the number of inward directed projections on the signum (Hodges 1974). Female S. packardella have two projections while S. merriccella have several projections (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-Habitat 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Not reported but other closely related species are typically found in deciduous and mixed wood forests (Hodges 1974). Adults have been collected in the southern boreal region of Alberta. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-LifeCycle 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown but larvae from the S. inornata nearctic group are leafrollers which feed in June and July. The pupae of S. steinkellneriana, a related European species, overwinter in a chamber in the ground (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6289-TrophicStrategy 6289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Not confirmed but steinkellneriana larvae feed on plants within the rose family (Hodges 1974). 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-ConservationStatus 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-Cyclicity 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to mid July. 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-Distribution 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Norway, Sweden and Finland in Europe; Labrador west to the Northwest Territories and the Rockies, south to Wyoming and Colorado (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Dovrefjeld at Drivstoen, Norway. Reported from Area 20 (Nordegg) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Titanio ephippialis Zett." 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-GeneralDescription 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan 16-18 mm. Ground color of wings above bluish gray. Forewings above with a fine, black PM line, a large, dark, wedge-shaped median area that is widest at the costa, and an obscure, dark, discal spot. The hindwings above are bluish gray with a faint PM line and a somewhat whitish median area. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Closest to Loxostege anartalis but the latter is larger, has whitish PM lines and lacks the wedge-shaped area in the forewings. Also similar to Ostrinia marginalis but the latter has white PM lines on both fore and hind wings." 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-Habitat 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat A low arctic-alpine species (Munroe 1976). 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-LifeCycle 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6317-TrophicStrategy 6317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown 3/10/08 14:47 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6156-Distribution 6156 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution A grasslands species with a rather restricted range. It is known only from northern Minnesota north and west across southern MB to western Alberta and the Peace River area of BC. 2/13/08 12:06 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6156-GeneralDescription 6156 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (2.7–3.6 cm, females smaller than males) creamy white moth with a heavy dusting of brownish grey scales, heavier on the forewings. A faint but thick straight grey line runs across the outer third of the wing from the apex to lower margin. Discal dot faint to obsolete. Hindwing less heavily dusted with grey and with a prominent grey discal spot, in some specimens connected to the wing base by a straight grey line, and with a straight grey line crossing from the apex to the inner margin. The pattern is repeated but much stronger and darker on the ventral surface. Male antennae strongly bipectinate; female finely dentate. The adults of both subspecies and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by McGuffin. Aspitates taylori is similar but darker and more strongly marked, and is restricted to open boggy areas in the boreal forest region. There are also excellent characters in the genitalia of both sexes for separating the two species, including the illustrated single pronged aedeagus in males (double pronged in taylori)." 2/13/08 12:06 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6156-Habitat 6156 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Widespread in Alberta in the Grasslands region, in open habitat in the Aspen parklands, and in low elevation grassland in the southern mountains; disjunct in the Peace River grasslands. Aberrata is replaced in the Boreal forest region by the closely related Aberrata taylori (Butler). Aberrata is found in relatively xeric ungrazed or lightly grazed grassland." 2/13/08 12:06 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6156-LifeCycle 6156 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single annual brood, with adults from mid May through mid July, peaking in mid June and with the occasional specimen to mid August. Adults are nocturnal and most specimens have been collected at light, although they are easily flushed and consequently frequently collected by net during the day. The larvae are undescribed and the larval host or hosts are unknown. Larval hosts for European species of Aspitates include herbs in the genera Lotus, Thymus, and Potentilla." 2/13/08 12:06 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6158-Distribution 6158 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Labrador and Newfoundland, south to New Jersey; west across the Boreal forest to eastern British Columbia, south in the mountains to southern Montana. In addition to the localities plotted on the map, Bowman (1951) states it has also been collected in “Zone 15” (Peace River region)." 2/13/08 14:30 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6158-GeneralDescription 6158 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.2-3.8 cm wingspan) purple-grey moth with reddish wine-red shading and tints on the forewings. Costa lighter grey, especially along the basal half. The orbicular and reniform are joined on their lower edge by a dark rusty or black line, which frequently also fills the space between the two spots. However, the extent and intensity of the dark shading around the orbicular is highly variable, and in many specimens is almost obsolete. Hindwings fuscous, shading darker on the outer half except for the paler fringe, and with a dark discal mark. Sexes similar except male antennae bipectinate, female simple. Very similar in appearance to some species of Xestia, but genitalia of both sexes very different. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Lafontaine (1998). The mature larva is about 3.5 cm long, pale grey to blackish with a dark brown reticulate pattern and submedian arcs. It is described in detail and illustrated in color by Lafontaine (1998: Pl.8 (21)." 2/13/08 14:30 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6158-Habitat 6158 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta widespread but local in the boreal forest and foothills regions; rare in the northern Aspen parklands. 2/13/08 14:30 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6158-LifeCycle 6158 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come readily to light. There is a single annual brood, with adults usually in the latter half of July and early August, occasional specimens earlier and later. No Alberta larval hostplant data; elsewhere Leatherleaf (Cassandra calyculata), blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) and Sweet gale (Myrica gale). Leatherleaf is reported to be the preferred host (Hensel, in Lafontaine, 1998)." 2/13/08 14:30 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6159-Distribution 6159 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alaskan panhandle and BC south to OR and AZ, west to CO and western AB. In Alberta known from several sites in the mountains and foothills, from Calgary north to Nordegg." 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6159-GeneralDescription 6159 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (4.5-5.0 cm wingspan) uniform lead-grey moth with elongated pointed forewings and a narrow black basal streak. The forewings have a number of fine black partial lines and streaks, in particular in the terminal and subterminal area, and fine black lining along parts of the veins. There is also a small rectangular pale spot in the lower median area. Fringe with small whitish triangular spots between the veins. The hindwings are uniform brownish grey with a pale fringe. The very similar Cucullia albida Sm. is paler grey and lacks the dark subterminal and terminal streaks. There are also differences in the female genitalia (See Poole 1995)." 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6159-Habitat 6159 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Frequents dry meadows and other open areas. 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6159-LifeCycle 6159 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. The single brood flies in spring. The early stages and the larval host plants are unknown. 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6160-Distribution 6160 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Throughout the USA and north into southern Canada. 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6160-GeneralDescription 6160 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3-4 cm wingspan) white moth. The costa of the forewing is broadly buff-yellow almost to the apex. The the head and front of the thorax are the same color. The body is mostly yellow-orange, with black spots on the dorsal and lateral surfaces. Male antennae narrowly bipectinate, female simple. Sexes similar. No other Alberta moths are white with a yellow costa. The Larvae are covered in soft dense grey or whitish hair." 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6160-Habitat 6160 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta found in dry open and sandy habitats in the Grasslands region along the lower Red Deer and South Saskatchewan River valleys. 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6160-LifeCycle 6160 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light, but can also be found during the day on the host plants. Larval hosts include both dogbane (Apocynum) and less commonly milkweeds (Asclepias). Larvae feed at night, in small groups of 5-7 larvae in the early instars (Cohen and Brower, 1983). The pupa is covered in a cocoon of the same hair. Adults have been collected in mid June in Alberta." 2/13/08 14:31 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-Cyclicity 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Alberta, with adults from late June through early August" 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-Distribution 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "NFLD west to AK, YT and central BC; south to NC in the east and OR and CO in the west. The nominate subspecies is boreal, and is replaced in the mountains from southern AB south and west by the larger darker subspecies partita (McD.) In Alberta the nominate subspecies occurs throughout the boreal forest region, and is replaced by ssp. partita in the mountains. Found in coniferous woodland" 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-GeneralDescription 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (3.8 - 4.5 cm. wingspan) grey, black and white moth. Forewings light to dark gray, usually with white scaling in the clavicorn spot and with filled-filled white orbicular and boomerang-shaped reniform spots. The subterminal line is a wave-shaped chain of small white spots. Hind wings paler grey, with a dark discal spot, wavy median line, darker shading toward the margin and a broken dark marginal line. Very similar to X. speciosa, but in perquiritata the orbicular spot is small and round and the reniform spot is a diagnostic boomerang–shaped lunule; both are white filled with less of the dark inner shading found in speciosa. Sexes similar and antennae simple. Male genitalia of speciosa have valves with a broadly rounded tip, while the valve of perquiritata ends in a narrow tapered point, with two large ""teeth"" along the lower margin." 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-Habitat 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in coniferous woodland 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-LifeCycle 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood in Alberta, with adults from late June through early August. The larvae is described and illustrated in color by Duncan (2006). Larvae feed on a variety of conifers, in particular spruce, firs and tamarack (Prentice 1962; Duncan 2006)." 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6223-TrophicStrategy 6223 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on a variety of conifers, in particular spruce, firs and tamarack" 2/13/08 15:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-ConservationStatus 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species occurs in low density across its range (Dosdall et al. 2007). 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-Cyclicity 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The overwintering adults emerge in late April to mid May; oviposition occurs from late May into early June; and newly emerged adults appear in July (Dosdall et al. 2007). 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-Distribution 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution This weevil has a western Nearctic distribution stretching from the Yukon and the North West Territories to California and New Mexico (Anderson 1997; Dosdall et al. 2007). 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-GeneralDescription 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are oblong with a tapering thorax and head. The body color is brownish-black with fine brown scales above and wider gray scales below. The funicle (antennal segments between the scape and the clubbed) is seven segmented with segments one and two being longer than segments three and four united. The beak is slender cylindrical and half the body length. The tarsal claws as well as the hind femora are toothed. Length 3.2 mm. These above details are adapted from LeConte (1876).\nFinal instar larva can be separated from the sympatric C. obstrictus and C. neglectus based on several characters. The head capsule of C. subpubescens is as long as it s wide and has a mean width of 0.64 mm. There are three setae on the dorsal and ventral aspects of the epicranium. Finally, the stipes has five setae while the mala has three ventral and 6 dorsal setae. The above description is adapted from Dosdall et al. (2007)." 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-Habitat 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat This species is found in association with Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb but is far less common than its host plant. 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-LifeCycle 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "According to Dosdall et al. (2007), adults overwinter in shelterbelts before emerging in the spring. Eggs are laid in the stems of D. sophia. All three larval instars feed within the stem on the pith tissue. The mature larvae bore exit holes below stem or leaf axils. The development time between egg and third instar larva is 35 to 45 days. Pupation occurs just below the soil surface in tiny earthen cocoons. Pupal development times ranged from 16.5 to 22 days. Adults are then oligophagous on various plants of the mustard family." 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6150-TrophicStrategy 6150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Oviposition and larval feeding are only known on the introduced weed Descurainia sophia. Reproduction is also speculated on native Descurainia. Adults are oligophagous on brassicaceous plants and prefer to feed on Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L., and Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. (Adapted from Dosdall et al. 2007)." 1/11/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-ConservationStatus 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status There is no evidence this species is in need of conservation. 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-Cyclicity 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Probably one generation per year. The species has been collected in North America from May to August. 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-Distribution 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution The species has a Palaearctic distribution (Colonnelli 2004) but is also present across much of North America (Blatchley & Leng 1916). 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-GeneralDescription 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Acording to the description given by Blatchley & Leng (1916), adults are oblong-oval, steel blue, and have few scales above. There is a faint scutellar spot (grouping of scales at the base of the thorax and elytra) present. The scales are much denser below. The funicle (antennal segments between the scape and the clubbed) is seven segmented. The beak is curved, slender and slightly longer than the thorax. The hind fermora as well as the tarsal claws are both toothed. Length 2.7 – 3.2 mm (Blatchley & Leng 1916)." 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-Habitat 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat This species may be present where brassicaceous herbs can be found. 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-LifeCycle 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larva most likely inhabit the stems, seeds or seed stems of brassicaceous herbs, like other members of their tribe (Blatchley & Leng 1916). The adults feed on several members of the Brassicaceae (Colonnelli 2004)." 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6152-TrophicStrategy 6152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy This species has been found on several members of the Brassicaceae as well as Reseda luteola L. (Colonnelli 2004). 1/11/08 11:26 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6376-ConservationStatus 6376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Photedes defecta is listed as a rare species of conservation concern in some of the Midwestern states like Illinois, where it occurs in wet remnant prairie." 4/1/08 15:44 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6376-Distribution 6376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Maryland and Massachusetts north to New Brunswick, west to North Dakota and BC. In Alberta it has been collected mainly in the aspen parklands and boreal forest, although Bowman also reported it from the Calgary and Medicine Hat regions." 4/1/08 15:44 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6376-GeneralDescription 6376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2.5 cm wingspan) rather delicately built moth. Forewing color may vary from a rich deep yellow-brown to light tan, with the veins outlined in lighter tan scales, giving it a very streaky appearance. The most prominent marking is the darker brown shade forming a streak above and adjacent to the cubital vein and continuing on to the margin. There is a small dark dot with a partial white margin at the end of the cell. The antemedian line is indicated by a few small dark dots at the veins. The dots marking the postmedian line are doubled and more numerous, and there is a dark terminal line made up of dark dots or short dashes. The hindwings are similar but paler, with a narrow poorly defined grey median band and discal mark. The overall color varies somewhat, with some specimens being dark brown or almost melanic. Antennae are simple and the sexes are similar. Similar to but smaller and more slender-bodied than Leucania and Mythimna species." 4/1/08 15:44 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6376-Habitat 6376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It is associated with wetlands including fens, wet meadows, sedge meadows and wetland edges." 4/1/08 15:44 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6376-LifeCycle 6376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and are attracted to light Adults have been collected from late July through late September, and the data suggest a main flight in early-mid August with a smaller and possibly second brood in mid-late September. The larvae are most likely borers in the stems of one or more wetland plants." 4/1/08 15:44 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-ConservationStatus 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Never common, but probably of no concern." 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-Cyclicity 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to mid July. 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-Distribution 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic, the North American species being Anania funebris glomeralis (Wlk.). Across Canada, north to Fort Smith and Fort Simpson in the Northwest Territories, south to North Carolina and Coloradi (Munroe 1976). Listed in Alberta from Areas 6-8, 10, 18 and 20 by Bowman (1951) as Pyrausta funebris." 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-GeneralDescription 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "An easily recognized, diurnal, black and white micromoth. It has a wingspan of 20-21 mm, two large, white spots on each wing and an abdomen with white stripes. It also has a small white patch above the large, white patches on the forewings. Quite similar to the macromoth Alypia langtoni, The Eight-spotted Forester, which, however, is larger (wingspan 30 mm), has larger yellow patches (tegulae) on the thorax beside the wings, lacks the small patch on the forewings and the white stripes on the abdomen, and whose larvae feed on Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium)." 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-Habitat 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Clearings in wooded areas, especially those with Populus tremuloides." 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-LifeCycle 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larva light yellow-green, with yellowish head; living on the underside of the basal leaves of Solidago (Forbes 1923). Adults are diurnal." 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5998-TrophicStrategy 5998 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Goldenrod (Solidago) (Forbes 1923). 4/12/07 11:11 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-ConservationStatus 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. Phyllotreta striolata is a serious pest in much of its range. 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-Cyclicity 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are active from April to October on the Canadian Prairies. 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-Distribution 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Native to Eurasia, it can be found from Northern Reaches of Western Europe in the West and Russia to Indonesia in the East and is common in brassicaceous oilseed production areas. Occurs across North America from Alaska to California in the west and from Quebec to Florida in the east (Bousquet 1991, Anonymous 1994). In the Canadian Prairie Provinces it is more abundant and of greater economic importance in northern reaches of the brassicaceous oilseed production region, particularly the Peace Lowland Ecoregion of Alberta." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-GeneralDescription 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are 2-2.5mm, dorsally flat, elongate oval, black and have enlarged hind femurs. Each elytron has a distinctive pale yellow stripe that is wavy along its outside margin and curves towards the middle near the ends of the elytra. The 5th antennal segments of males are enlarged (Balsbaugh and Hays 1972). Unlike P. robusta, the yellow stripes do not reach the posterior elytral margins (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-Habitat 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Agricultural areas subject to disturbance such as crops, roadside ditches and weed fields." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-LifeCycle 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "One generation per year. Two generations per year possible in portions of range. Adults overwinter in soil, turf or leaf near shelterbelts, hedges and fencerows. These emerge in spring to feed on foliage. In spring, 1-4 eggs are deposited near the bases of host plants. Eggs are about 0.4mm long by 0.2 mm wide, oval and light yellow. Mature larvae are approximately 3mm, white to very light brown with a copper-brown head and anal plate and are slender with small legs. Larvae feed on roots and root hairs and pupate in soil. These emerge as adults late summer (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6298-TrophicStrategy 6298 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Although adults are considered oligophagous on Brassicaceae, they have been documented feeding on plants in other families. Tolerant of Brassicaceae containing cardiac glycosides." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-ConservationStatus 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common, of no concern." 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-Cyclicity 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid June to early July. 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-Distribution 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec west to British Columbia, south to Arizona and California (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is California. Reported in Alberta by Bowman (1951) from Areas 7 (Lloydminster), 10 (Edmonton), 18 (Waterton), 20 (Nordegg) and 21 (Jasper National Park). Also known from Big Knife Provincial Park, the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, the Lowden Springs Conservation Area, Pine Lake, Tolman Bridge, and Winfield." 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-GeneralDescription 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Forewings above olive-gray, hind wings above somewhat lighter in color. A faint, pale PM line is present, especially in the forewings. Wingspan 16-24 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Unlike any other Alberta species of Pyrausta." 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-Habitat 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Undisturbed grassland areas with Pussytoes. 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-LifeCycle 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6272-TrophicStrategy 6272 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae feed on species of Pussytoes (Antennaria) (Munroe 1976). 2/15/08 11:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-ConservationStatus 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status There is no evidence this is a species of concern. 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-Cyclicity 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Probably one generation per year. Records from Alberta show the species present from April to August. Records from Arizona also show this species present in March. 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-Distribution 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A North American species with a south eastern distribution (Colonnelli 2004). There are also records of this species from California (Dietz, 1896), Arizona, and Alberta." 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-GeneralDescription 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "According to Dietz (1896), adults of this species are oblong-oval, black, and covered in white scales. The scales are grouped into a scutellar spot (grouping of scales at the base of the thorax and elytra) and a fairly distinct sutural line on the dorsal surface. The antennae have seven funicle (antennal segments between the scape and the clubbed) segments. The first and second of these segments being longer than the third and fourth segments combined. The antennal club is elongate and pointed. The beak is long, slender and curved with some scaling near the base. The tarsi are slender with the second and third segments together being longer than the fourth. The fourth tarsal segment projects less than the length of the third segment. The tarsal claws are also toothed. Length 2.5 - 2.8 mm." 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-Habitat 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat There is no specific habitat information available. 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-LifeCycle 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Within the Ceutorhynchini, the larvae generally inhabit the seeds, seed stalks, or stems of herbaceous plants (Blatchley & Leng 1916). The adults most likely feed on brassicaceous herbs such Wormseed Mustard (Erysimum cheiranthoides L.) on which it has been collected in Alberta." 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6153-TrophicStrategy 6153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy There is no available information on this species' diet (Colonnelli 2004). 1/11/08 11:55 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-ConservationStatus 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. Psylliodes punctulata is a pest in much of its range. 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-Cyclicity 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are active from March to August on the Canadian Prairies (Burgess 1977). 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-Distribution 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Native to and occurs across North America from British Columbia to California in the west and from Newfoundland to Florida in the east (Bousquet 1991). 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-GeneralDescription 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are 2.5-3.3mm, dorsally flat, elongate oval, black with a bronze lustre and have enlarged hind femurs. Antennae and legs are red-brown. Hind femur colour varies from black to bronze. Head, pronotum and elytra are punctuate (head sparsely; pronotum more coarsely; elytra punctate-striate, with striae feebly impressed). Males have greatly enlarged first anterior tarsal segments and their 5th ventral abdominal segment is grooved. (Balsbaugh and Hays 1972)." 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-Habitat 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Grassy headlands and agricultural areas subject to disturbance such as crops, roadside ditches and weed fields." 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-LifeCycle 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "One generation per year. Two generations per year possible in warmer portions of range. Adults overwinter in soil, turf or leaf litter near shelterbelts, hedges and fencerows. These emerge in spring to feed on foliage. In spring, 1-4 eggs are deposited near the bases of host plants. Eggs are about 0.4mm long by 0.2 mm wide, oval and light yellow. Mature larvae are approximately 3mm, white to very light brown with a copper-brown head and anal plate and are slender with small legs. Larvae feed on roots and root hairs and pupate in soil. These emerge as adults mid to late summer (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6299-TrophicStrategy 6299 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults are considered polyphagous and have been documented feeding on plants in the Brassicaceae (Burgess 1977), Convolvulaceae (Mohyuddin 1969), Chenopodiaceae (Whitney and Duffus 1986) and Cannabinaceae (Chittenden 1909)." 2/27/08 9:57 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-ConservationStatus 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-Cyclicity 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Appears to be one to two generation a year in Alberta with emergence from overwintered puparia spread from mid May to mid July. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-Distribution 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic. Delia radicum can be found through out Canada, where cultivation of cruciferous crops is undertaken." 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-GeneralDescription 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Delia radicum may be distinguished from other Delia species occurring in the field by the following combinations of characters: Adults look similar to house flies but are smaller (5mm), dark ash grey color with a dark stripe along the top of the abdomen, and covered with black hairs and bristles (setae).The reddish purple eyes on males nearly touch in the centre of the head while female eyes are separated. In males, the presence of the basal brush of long setae (anteroventral setae) on the hind femur and by relatively shorter lateral setae of the 5th sternite processes. In females, in the hind femur, the row of anteroventral setae is normally uneven and posteroventral setae are lacking." 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-Habitat 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It is a major pest of Cruciferae crops and it is confined to gardens and cultivated lands. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-LifeCycle 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are found from late spring to late October flying close to the ground in search of suitable host plants. Flies emerge in the spring from overwintering puparia and feed on the nectar of wild flowers. They mate and females begin egg laying about a week after emerging. During their 5-6 week life span, females lay eggs singly or in masses at or near the stems of host plants on cool, moist soil. Depending on temperature, maggots hatch in 3-10days and commence feeding on small roots and root hairs and then tunnel in to the main roots. They mature in about 3-4weeks, then leave the roots and pupate in puparia about 5-20cm deep in the soil. Adult flies emerge in 2-3 weeks, mate, lay eggs, and repeat the cycle" 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6300-TrophicStrategy 6300 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae are notorious root maggots infesting all forms of cultivated cruciferous crops. The larvae can also be found on certain cruciferous weeds among which stink weed (Thlaspi arvense L.) is particularly important in Alberta as cited by Griffiths( 1986). 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-ConservationStatus 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "According to Teskey (1990), C. excitans is the single most common deerfly in Canada. At Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, C. excitans comprised half of all deerflies collected (Ossowski and Hunter, 2000)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-Cyclicity 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity From early June through the end of August. 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-Distribution 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Chrysops excitans is widespread across across all of Canada and Alaska, and the range extends south California in the west and New Jersey in the east (Stone et al., 1965)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-GeneralDescription 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adults are large, 9-12 mm in length. Teskey (1990) describes the females as having a nearly square clypeus with a median pruinose (powdery) band extending half its length; extensive glossy areas on the head; brown palpi; and slender antennae with yellow at the base and darker apically. The thorax is black with yellow hairs, and faint stripes on the scutum; the legs are black, sometimes with reddish tints; and the apex of the wings is entirely clear. The first two segments of the abdomen are orangish, while the remaining are a lighter yellow color on the margins with progressively larger black median spots on the posterior tergites; the median spot on tergite 2 forms a pale median triangle (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe males are similar, except the thorax and abdomen are almost completely black, and abdominal tergites 1-2 only occasionally having small yellow lateral patches (Teskey 1990).\n\nChrysops excitans is readily identifiable by the combination of the pruinose stripe on the clypeus the entirely clear apex of the wings. It can only be confused with C. dawsoni, which was considered variant of C. excitans until Philip (1959), but C. dawsoni lacks the pale median triangle of tergite 2 (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe larvae are light green, 18-20 mm long, with a stigmatal spine. They can be distinguished from other Chrysops larvae by the reduction in the pseudopodial pubescence on segments 5-10; the pubescence does not span the gap between pseudopodia. (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-Habitat 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Larvae have been collected from the margins of bog ponds, semiwoodland swamp pools, large lakes, and a marsh lake (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-LifeCycle 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Little is known specifically about the life history of C. excitans. Adults are known to be more active in the morning than the afternoon, and to prefer open habitat to the edge of woodlands (Ossowski and Hunter, 2000). The eggs of C. excitans are laid in triple-layered egg masses averaging 9.8 mm in length, 3.8 mm in length, and 2.2 mm in height; the eggs themselves are brown, average 1.6 mm in length, and consist of about 450 per egg mass (Iranpour et al. 2004)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6280-TrophicStrategy 6280 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae of C. excitans. The adults subsist mainly on flower nectar, but aphid honeydew comprises a sizable part of the diet, as over half the deerflies at Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario were shown to have consumed honeydew (Ossowski and Hunter, 2000)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-ConservationStatus 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Chrysops frigidus is relatively common across Canada, but is nowhere extremely abundant (Teskey 1990). There is no current need for conservation efforts." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-Cyclicity 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Chrysops frigidus has been collected from late May through early September, but is most common in mid June through July (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-Distribution 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Chrysops frigidus is present throughout Canada and Alaska, as well as in New England and down the Rocky Mountains to Colorado (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-GeneralDescription 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are relatively small, 6-9 mm in length (Teskey 1990). The head of the females is grayish pruinose (powdery) with large brown to black glossy areas; the frons is higher than the width at the base; the antennae are slender, with a yellowish scape; the palpi are yellowish brown (Teskey 1990). The thorax is black, with the lateral margin and much of pleura covered with greyish pruinosity and yellow hairs; the legs are variable; the wings are heavily infuscated, with the apical spot broadly united to the crossband (Teskey 1990). The abdomen coloration is also variable, but is usually yellowish orange on the first two tergites, with a lunate (moon-shaped) black spot on tergite 1 meeting a broad black spot on tergite 2; the remaining tergites are darker, sometimes with faint medial triangles (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe males are similar, but with a more swollen scape, a wider pruinose clypeal stripe, greater pigmentation on wings, and a larger black spot on tergite 2 (Teskey 1990).\n\nDue to its size and heavy pigmentation at the wing apex, C. frigidus is not easily confused with any other Chrysops spp.\n\nLarvae are cylindrical, elongate, fusiform (spindle-shaped), pale yellow or beige, often with a greenish tinge, 12-15 mm in length. They lack a stigmatal spine, and the length of their respiratory siphon is more than three times longer than the diameter of its base (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-Habitat 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Larvae can be collected from a wide variety of wetland habitats, but are obligate to a substrate of wet moss (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-LifeCycle 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Little is known of the life history of C. frigidus. 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6281-TrophicStrategy 6281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae of C. frigidus. The adults are known to rely on flower nectar as a principal food source (Lewis and Leprince, 1981)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-ConservationStatus 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Alberta is the north western limit of the range of Melitara dentata, the species is not of any concern." 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-Cyclicity 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been caught in Alberta from late July to early October. 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-Distribution 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Widespread in western North America from Alberta to southern Arizona and central Texas. In Alberta the species is distributed throughout the southern grasslands and the south eastern parkland from Edgerton and Tolman Bridge in the north to Onefour in the south. 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-GeneralDescription 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A fairly large (3.2 - 5.0 cm wingspan) micro moth with a stocky, grayish body. The long and fairly narrow forewings are gray, often with more whitish costal margin. The forewings have a row of dark spots near the tip with one spot between each pair of veins; a distinct, but often weak, double zigzag cross-band approximately 1/4 wing length from the tip; a distinct black discal spot; and a weak, dark angled cross-band near the wing base. The hind wings are broad and white, often with grayish margins. Both sexes have clearly pectinate antennae, and long, porrect palps (more pointed in females). The similar Melitara subumbrella is often more brownish gray and have no cross-bands on the forewings." 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-Habitat 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry grasslands, prairies, badlands and deserts with Prickly-pear Cactus (Opuntia sp.)." 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-LifeCycle 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Eggs are laid in an ""egg-stick"" on cactus pods or fruits. The larvae bore through the surface of the host plant and live as borers in the fruit and stems, gregariously during the first instars, less so during the later instars. The mature larvae are generally dark blue. There is one brood flying annually and the development is probably one year in Alberta. Adults have often been collected at light, and larvae can be found in their feeding galleries in Prickly-pear Cactus where the infected pods often are dry and brown in contrast to the fresh, green uninfected pods. Though the moths certainly damage their host, they are not considered to be a treat to native cactus species." 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6142-TrophicStrategy 6142 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy There are no host records from Alberta. Elsewhere the moth is reported to feed on various Prickly-pear Cacti (genus Opuntia) including the two Alberta species Fragile Prickly-pear Cactus (Opuntia fragilis) and Prairie Prickly-pear Cactus (Opuntia polyacantha). 9/6/07 13:14 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-ConservationStatus 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Alberta is the northern limit of the range of Melitara subumbrella, very little is known about the distribution and abundance in the province." 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-Cyclicity 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been caught in Alberta in May and June. 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-Distribution 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in western North America from southern Alberta and Saskatchewan to southern Arizona and central Texas. Little is know about the species real distribution in Alberta, but specimens have been collected from the south eastern corner of the province (Medicine Hat, lower Oldman River and Lost River)." 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-GeneralDescription 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large (3.5 - 5.2 cm wingspan) micro moth with a stocky, grayish to grayish-yellow body. The long and fairly narrow forewings are uniformly gray or brownish-gray, generally with dark lines along the veins. The forewings often have a weak discal spot, but never cross-bands or terminal spots like the similar Melitara dentata. The hind wings are broad and white, often with grayish or grayish-brown margins. Both sexes have pectinate antennae, but not as conspicuous as Melitara dentata. The females have long, porrect palps, whereas the palps in the male are shorter and upturned. The females can always be separated from Melitara dentata as they have a signum on the corpus bursae, a structure the latter species lacks. Otherwise, fight time is a good species indicator: M. subumbrella flies in late spring and early summer, whereas M. dentata flies in late summer and early fall." 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-Habitat 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry grasslands, prairies, badlands and deserts with Prickly-pear Cactus (Opuntia sp.)." 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-LifeCycle 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Eggs are laid in a short ""egg-stick"" on cactus pods or fruits. The larvae bore through the surface of the host plant and live as borers in the fruit and stems, gregariously during the first instars, but more solitary during the later instars. The mature larvae are white with light purple cross-bands. Little is known about the moth's development in Alberta, but elsewhere it is reported to have one brood pr. year and a one-year development." 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6143-TrophicStrategy 6143 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No host records from Alberta. Elsewhere the moth is reported to feed on various Prickly-pear Cacti (genus Opuntia) including the Alberta species Prairie Prickly-pear Cactus (Opuntia polyacantha). 9/6/07 13:20 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5135-Distribution 5135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A southwestern species, ranging from extreme southern Alberta and southeastern BC south and west to at least California." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5135-GeneralDescription 5135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (ws= cm) with medium brown forewings marked with both lighter yellow brown and darker brown. The normal lines and spots are partially outlined with fine pale lines. The area along the cubital vein between the orbicular and reniform is white, and the orbicular is frequently outlined and partially filled with pale scales as well. There is a series of short black streaks between the veins in the subterminal area, and thin white subterminal and terminal lines. Fringe dark brown streaked with white at the veins. The hindwings of males are dirty white with dark scales along the veins, a thin dark incomplete terminal line, and a light fringe. Sexes similar but females with darker hindwings. The forewing pattern is rather difficult to describe, but quite distinctive." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5135-Habitat 5135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In Alberta it has been found only in the dry grasslands region in the Milk River valley at Writing-on-stone Provincial Park. 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5135-LifeCycle 5135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In Alberta, probably not a permanent resident, with adults migrating in from further south in late summer. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The caterpillars are general feeders on a wide variety of broad-leaved plants, including a number of agricultural crops such as potatoes and sugar beets." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5135-TrophicStrategy 5135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The caterpillars are general feeders on a wide variety of broad-leaved plants, including a number of agricultural crops such as potatoes and sugar beets. The larvae are reported to feed during the day." 10/26/04 0:00 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6370-Distribution 6370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found at mid-elevations (1200-2000 m) in the mountains from western Alberta west to the east side of the Coast Ranges of BC, south to MT, WA and OR. It is replaced by the very closely related O. piffardi east of the mountains." 3/28/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6370-GeneralDescription 6370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.2 - 3.5 cm wingspan) grey, black and white moth. Forewings blue-grey, crossed by a wide, sharply defined median band, strongly curved on the basal side, less so on the distal. There is also a narrower diffuse black subterminal band and black shading near the wing base and terminal area. Hindwings white with a broad black terminal band. Body black except for the narrow white collar. Oncocnemis chalybdis cannot be mistaken for any other Alberta moth except the closely related O. piffardi Wlk., which replaces it east of the mountains. The white or partially white collar as well as the lack of a swollen base of the male clasper can be used to separate chalybdis from piffardi." 3/28/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6370-Habitat 6370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A western species, found at mid-elevations (1200-2000 m) in the mountains." 3/28/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6370-LifeCycle 6370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, with Alberta adults in late summer and fall (Aug. 10 through Sept. 30). The larvae feed on species of Spiraea, including S. douglassi (Troubridge and Crabo, 1999)." 3/28/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-ConservationStatus 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncertain. 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-Cyclicity 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults active late spring (Tahvanainen 1983). 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-Distribution 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Native to and occur in eastern North America. Reported from Ontario, Quebec, New York and Alabama (Balsbaugh and Hays 1972, Bousquet 1991)." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-GeneralDescription 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are approximately 2mm, elongate oval, dorsally flat, have enlarged hind femurs and are black with pale yellow spots on the anterior and posterior portions of each elytron. The medial edges of posterior spots are relatively straight though they may curve gently towards the middle. Posterior spots do not reach elytral margins. The first 5 antennal segments are brown; remaining segments are black. Unlike P. striolata, the 5th antennal segment of the male is not enlarged (Balsbaugh and Hays 1972)." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-Habitat 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Forested areas. 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-LifeCycle 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Oviposition and larval development information is lacking though may be similar to that of P. striolata (see notes): Adults overwinter in soil, turf or leaf litter. These emerge in spring to feed on foliage. In spring, 1-4 eggs are deposited near the bases of host plants. Eggs are about 0.4mm long by 0.2 mm wide, oval and light yellow. Mature larvae are approximately 3mm, white to very light brown with a copper-brown head and anal plate and are slender with small legs. Larvae feed on roots and root hairs and pupate in soil. These emerge as adults late summer (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6295-TrophicStrategy 6295 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Adults are considered oligophagous on Brassicaceae and are tolerant of brassicaceous plants containing cardiac glycosides. 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6320-ConservationStatus 6320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread; uncommon. 3/19/08 14:19 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6320-Distribution 6320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Mainly a species of the eastern deciduous woodlands, ranging west across southern SK and AB into central southern BC, south to TN, WI, and KS. Subspecies manitoba is the form occurring from MB west." 3/19/08 14:19 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6320-GeneralDescription 6320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.5-4.5 cm. ws) dark grey dagger moth with light HW. The FW is a crisp powdery grey mottled with darker grey. AM and PM lines complete, the latter lunulate on the veins and lined with white A single lunule across fold, crossed by the anal dash. Basal dash heavy, widened in the middle and ending in three “spurs”, the anal dash strong, apical dash less so. The orbicular round, black, open above as is the reniform, and the two joined by a black dash from the middle of the orb. to lower reniform. HW dirty white and light fuscous, white in males. Antennae simple. Sexes similar but female HW with more dark scaling." 3/19/08 14:19 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6320-Habitat 6320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Tall shrub and deciduous woodland edges 3/19/08 14:19 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6320-TrophicStrategy 6320 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Various Prunus sp., including Pin cherry and Choke-cherry; Prentice also lists Red oak.." 3/19/08 14:19 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-ConservationStatus 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread and uncommon. 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-Cyclicity 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity late May-July 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-Distribution 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic; in NA from NFLD and NJ west to the Vancouver Island, north to AK and south through MT to ?" 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-GeneralDescription 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized moth (3.5-3.7 cm. ws), FW grey sometimes bluish tinted, median area darker, red-brown. The reniform and orbicular spots pale, the reniform with some dark filling in the lower half. A short, sharp black basal dash, and the claviform a black loop extending out from the AM line. HW grey brown, darker toward the margin and on veins, and a discal crescent The male has two large hair pencils on the base of the abdomen, and there is a sharp, thick spine on the sacculus. Antennae simple; sexes similar." 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-Habitat 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open areas and edges. 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6327-TrophicStrategy 6327 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Wheat, wild rice, corn and timothy, other grasses and sedges." 3/19/08 14:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-ConservationStatus 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Fairly common. Adults can be locally quite abundant. 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-Cyclicity 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Chrysops fulvaster is most readily captured in late June or July. 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-Distribution 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The southern parts of British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, and southward to California and Oklahoma." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-GeneralDescription 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Teskey (1990) records that female C. fulvaster are largely dull yellow and brown, with highly mottled wings. On the head, the antennae are largely yellow, except for the darkened apical flagellomeres, and the scape is more swollen than the other antennal segments. The frons is wider than high, and more wide below; gena partly black; palpi yellow; and the clypeus is glossy yellow with a pruinose (powdery) band. The thorax has yellow hairs, with longitudinal stripes down the scutum and pleura. The legs are largely yellow, except for blackened front femora (Cole, 1969). The abdomen dorsally is grayish yellow with black spots below the scutellum; the tergites in succession posteriorly have pairs of large brown spots with yellower triangles between them. Males are smaller and much darker, but similarly patterned (Teskey 1990). \n\nChrysops fulvaster can be easily separated from all other Chrysops by the combination of the median prunes band on the clypeus, the scape being swollen relative to the other antennal segments, and light infuscation (darkening) along the entire posterior border of the wings (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-Habitat 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Small sluggish streams and swampy areas of relatively fresh water in western prairies and plains (Teskey 1990). 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-LifeCycle 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Not much is known of C. fulvaster specifically. The eggs are laid in single-tiered masses with overlapping shingled rows of eggs, often under leaves of Potamogeton and Sagittaria (Teskey 1990). If the development times can be assumed to be similar to other Chrysops, the larvae take 10 months or longer to mature in Canada, but can have several generations per year southwards." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6282-TrophicStrategy 6282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults feed on flower nectar, and females take blood meals for egg production; nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae." 2/27/08 9:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-ConservationStatus 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Currently unknown but likely not a concern due to widespread range. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-Cyclicity 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "This species is likely univoltine, with a flight period occurring throughout March to late May (Hodges 1974). In Alberta, S. aurorella have been caught between April and early May." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-Distribution 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Semioscopis aurorella ranges throughout Canada between north-central Alberta and south-eastern Ontario (Hodges 1974). In the United States, this moth has been found between south-central New York state and Wisconsin (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-GeneralDescription 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Semioscopis aurorella forewing colouration is variable, ranging from yellow-gray to pale yellow-white (Hodges 1974). Some individuals may have darker forewings but the costal margin is generally gray-brown and flecks of gray scales (Hodges 1974). Forewing length is generally between 11 to 14 mm (Hodges 1974). The aedeagus of male S. aurorella is twice as long as the basal width with short, curved cornuti (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-Habitat 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Can be found in deciduous and mixed forests. Adults have been collected in low latitude boreal habitat as well as in the prairies. 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-LifeCycle 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Not reported but other members of the genus are leafrollers which overwinter as pupae in the ground (Hodges 1974). 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6288-TrophicStrategy 6288 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown but the closely related European species, S. avellanella, feed on birch (Betula) and hornbeam (Carpinus) (Hodges 1974)." 2/27/08 9:48 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-ConservationStatus 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-Cyclicity 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Larvae have been collected in early August. Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid-May to mid-July. 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-Distribution 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution The most boreal species of all North American Chlaenius. Known from scattered records across Canada and far south as the Montana. Has been recorded in Alberta from the Cypress Hills to as far north as Athabasca. 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-GeneralDescription 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 10.5-14mm in length. Dorsal surface black and metallic though this can sometimes be faint. Pronotom often with a brassy or greenish hue laterally. Appendages black. Can be easily distinguished from all other Alberta species because all striae are broken at several points along their length; intervals are connected by convexities giving the elytral surface a transversely corrugated appearance; intervals 3, 5, 7, usually more convex. Setae behind pronotal shoulder are unicolorous, pale brown. Adapted from Bell 1960 and Lindroth 1963" 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-Habitat 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Have been collected on the borders of slow rivers with firm soil and vegetation consisting of Carex, Juncus, and Equisetum fluviatile. Others have been collected on lake shores among thick vegetation consisting of Naumburgia thyrsiflora, Triglochin palustre, Cicuta, Mentha, Carices, and a moss undercover of Drepanocladius aduncus." 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-LifeCycle 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Bell (1960) suggests that there is evidence that alternatus ranged far south of it's current distribution during the Ice Age as a species (C. plicatipannis) that is identical or closely related has been described from the Sangamon Peat of central Illinois. 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6304-TrophicStrategy 6304 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Predatory, omnivorous." 2/27/08 11:03 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-ConservationStatus 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The species is widespread and often common. Not of any concern. 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-Cyclicity 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have generally been collected in Alberta in May. 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-Distribution 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in Canada, northern USA, temperate Asia and Europe. In Alberta it seems to occur where food plants are present." 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-GeneralDescription 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (2.0 - 3.5 cm wingspan), grey micro moth with a slender, grey body. The slender forewings are light grey in ground color with a paler, whitish costal margin, a blackish discal spot, a black and white distal zigzag cross-band, and a broad, black basal cross-band. The broad hind wings are whitish with pale-brown powdering, especially along the margin and the veins." 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-Habitat 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Parklands, boreal forest and bogs where gooseberry and currants occur." 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-LifeCycle 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae live inside the fruits of currants and gooseberries (the genus Ribes spp.). They are pale green with brown head and thoracic shield. There is one annual generation and the moth over winter as pupa. As a result the pupal stage is very long (up to 10 months). Because of its diet, the Gooseberry Fruit-worm is often considered an important pest of gooseberry and currants." 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6144-TrophicStrategy 6144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No rearing data from Alberta. But the moth is reported to feed on a variety of currants and gooseberries (Ribes spp.) 9/6/07 14:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6157-Distribution 6157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia west to the eastern edge of Alberta, south to Florida and Mexico. There is a single Alberta record for a fresh female collected at MV light on the edge of the Red Deer River north of Jenner." 2/13/08 14:29 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6157-GeneralDescription 6157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A very large (8.5-11.5 cm wingspan) long-winged moth. The body is brown edged with longitudinal black stripes. The doubled postmedian line on both wings is the only well developed cross line. There are also a number of black longitudinal streaks on the outer half of the forewing and small, light discal spots. Our other large dark sphinx moths from south of the boreal forest are grey, not brown. The adults are similar, but females are larger than males. The larvae are large, pale green with granular skin and pale diagonal lateral streaks. They are easily identified by the four prominent horns on the front end, hence the other common name, the Four-horned sphinx." 2/13/08 14:29 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6157-Habitat 6157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Frequents hardwood woodland. 2/13/08 14:29 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6157-LifeCycle 6157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, which overwinter as pupae. Mature larvae are most often encountered after they wander from the host tree and seek a place with loose soil in which to pupate. The only Alberta record is for June 3, 2004." 2/13/08 14:29 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6157-TrophicStrategy 6157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are reported to feed on elm, birch, basswood and cherry." 2/13/08 14:29 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-ConservationStatus 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Phyllotreta cruciferae is a serious pest of brassicaceous crops in much of its range. 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-Cyclicity 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are active from April to October on the Canadian Prairies. 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-Distribution 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Native to Eurasia, it can be found from England to North Africa in the West and Russia to India in the East and is common in oilseed production areas. Occurs across North America from British Columbia to Oregon in the west and from Newfoundland to Delaware in the east (Bousquet 1991, Anonymous 1982)." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-GeneralDescription 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are 2-3mm, dorsally flat, elongate oval, black with a bright blue lustre and have enlarged hind femurs. The luster allows distinction from another brassicaceous crop pest, Psylliodes punctulata: these have a bronze luster." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-Habitat 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Agricultural areas subject to disturbance such as crops, roadside ditches and weed fields." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-LifeCycle 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "One generation per year. Two generations per year possible in portions of range. Adults overwinter in soil, turf or leaf near shelterbelts, hedges and fencerows. These emerge in spring to feed on foliage. In spring, 1-4 eggs are deposited near the bases of host plants. Eggs are about 0.4mm long by 0.2 mm wide, oval and light yellow. Mature larvae are approximately 3mm, white to very light brown with a copper-brown head and anal plate and are slender with small legs. Larvae feed on roots and root hairs and pupate in soil. These emerge as adults late summer (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6296-TrophicStrategy 6296 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Adults are considered oligophagous on Brassicaceae. 2/27/08 9:56 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-ConservationStatus 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Phyllotreta robusta is common though not abundant throughout its range. Conservation issues are uncertain. 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-Cyclicity 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are active from May to July in the Canadian Prairie Provinces (Burgess 1977). 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-Distribution 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Native to and occurs across North America from Alberta to Nevada in the west and from Quebec to Michigan in the east (Bousquet 1991). 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-GeneralDescription 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are approximately 2mm in length, dorsally flat, elongate oval, black with well-developed hind femurs. Adults are less elongate than other Phyllotreta spp. in North America. The elytra are wider than the prothorax, oval, rounded on the sides, and similarly punctured. There is a pale yellow stripe on each elytron that widens at about one fifth its length to near the lateral margin and again to reach both the posterior and side margins. Antennae are slender; more half the length of the body, the first three segments are brown and the rest are black (LeConte 1878). This flea beetle can most easily be distinguished from other common 'striped' Phyllotreta spp. in North America by examination of elytra: the yellow stripe reaches the elytral margin in P. robusta whereas it does not in P. striolata or P. bipustulata." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-Habitat 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Agricultural areas subject to disturbance such as crops, roadside ditches and weed fields." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-LifeCycle 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "One generation per year. Adults overwinter in soil or turf and leaf litter near shelterbelts, hedges and fencerows. These emerge in spring to feed on foliage. In spring, 1-4 eggs are deposited near the bases of host plants. Eggs are about 0.4mm long by 0.2 mm wide, oval and light yellow. Mature larvae are approximately 3mm, white to very light brown with a copper-brown head and anal plate and are slender with small legs. Larvae feed on roots and root hairs and pupate in soil. These emerge as adult mid-summer (Burgess 1977)." 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6297-TrophicStrategy 6297 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Adults feed on several brassicaceous plants including Brassica napus and B. campestris (Burgess 1977). 2/27/08 9:56 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-ConservationStatus 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Chrysops furcatus is common and widespread; in Labrador and Quebec, it was the second mostly commonly captured deerfly (McElligott and Lewis, 1998)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-Cyclicity 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Specimens have been collected from late June to early August. 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-Distribution 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout Canada and Alaska, south to California and Wisconsin (Stone et al., 1965)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-GeneralDescription 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults (Teskey 1990): Females are 7-10 mm in length, and are patterned orange and black overall. On the head, the frons is slightly higher than wide; the ocellar prominence with extensive glossy black area; the antenna black except for the the orangish scape (or even a few segments higher on the antenna); clypeus entirely yellow; palpi brown. The thorax is covered with yellow hairs and is distinctly striped with grey and black; the front coxa and mid and hind tibia, femora, and basitarsi are blackened, remainder yellowish; on the wings, the apex of the basal radial cell is clear while the basal portion and the basal median cell are infuscated (pigmented). On the abdomen, the black spot on tergum 1 is joined to the geminate (doubled) spot on tergum 2 which encloses a median yellow triangle; tergites 3-7 are black anteriorly with yellow posterior margins. \n\nThe males are similar to the females, except they are smaller, the scutum is nearly black, there are medial black figures on tergites 1-2, and abdominal segment 1 does not constrict at all when it joins to the thorax.\n\nChrysops furcatus is superficially similar to C. coloradensis, C. montanus, and C. lateralis, none of which are found in Alberta. However, it can be separated morphologically from those three by wing venation: C. furcatus lacks of infuscation in the apex of the basal radial cell, and the hyaline triangle crosses multiple radial cells (Teskey 1990).\n\nLarvae (Teskey 1969): creamy-white, 15-17 mm in length. It is separated from other Chrysops spp. by the presence of a posterior pubescent annulus extending from the anal segment, making up 1/3 of the length of the segment, and by the length of the respiratory siphon being twice the diameter at the base." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-Habitat 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Specimens have been collected in wetlands with a saturated substrate and high levels of organic matter; probably not a highly habitat-specific species (Teskey 1990). 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-LifeCycle 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Not much is known about C. furcatus specifically. Teskey (1990) record that Chrysops in general, however, are known to begin life as an egg mass laid near water or wet soil; the larvae hatch simultaneously and pass through 5-7 instars over 9-10 months (or several years, in the far north) before pupating and emerging as adults in the early summer. Males wait for females at high points and flyways; the females must take a blood meal in order to at least maximize their egg production." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6283-TrophicStrategy 6283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae, nor of the adults specifically. Adult Chrysops are known to ingest flower nectar and aphid honeydew as their primary food source (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-Cyclicity 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late May to early September. 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-Distribution 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec to British Columbia, south to Mexico in the west (Munroe 1976). Type Locality Texas. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951) but the illustrated specimen, collected by Bowman in 1922 was misidentified as L. commixtalis; and Banff, Jasper and Nordegg material collected by Bowman, also in UASM were also misidentified as commixtalis. Known from Alberta from Bindloss, Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Caribou Mountains, East Arrowwood Coulee, Lowden Springs Conservation Area, Lost River, Red Deer, Olds, Tolman Bridge and Wabasca." 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-GeneralDescription 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Ground color brownish gray. Forewing with veins expanded towards the yellowish buff ST band. There is a faint, yellowish buff ST line on the hindwings. Wingspan 30-34 mm. The genitalia were described by Munroe (1976). Somewhat similar to Loxostege commixtalis but browner, larger, and with FW veins more expanded towards the ST band. Munroe (1976) comments that the ""male and female genitalia are not greatly different from those of commixtalis, except blunt cornutus of male generally larger and more broadly spatulate at tip; female with shorter ostial chamber and longer and more pronounced constriction""." 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-Habitat 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Prairies, aspen parkland and south-facing, open slopes." 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-LifeCycle 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Described by Allyson (1976). Much like that of Loxostege sticticalis (Munroe 1976). Mainly night-flying. 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6313-TrophicStrategy 6313 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Range of foodplants similar to that of Loxostege sticticalis (Munroe 1976). 2/27/08 13:30 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6080-Distribution 6080 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Eastern boreal; from the maritime provinces and northeastern states west across the southern boreal forest zone to central AB. In Alberta taken only in the Redwater sands. 6/21/07 13:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6080-GeneralDescription 6080 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size, long-winged moth with dark grey-black FW and pinkish grey HW. FW markings indistinct, darker than ground, and often with median band darker. HW slightly darker toward margin and along veins, and with a lerge discal spot. Male valves lacking the corona, cucullus and digitus." 6/21/07 13:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6080-Habitat 6080 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Boreal forest. 6/21/07 13:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6080-TrophicStrategy 6080 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "By Association, jackpine (Pinus )Red Pine and Jack pine, probably other pines as well. In AB found associated with Jack pine." 6/21/07 13:56 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-ConservationStatus 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-Cyclicity 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Peak flight activity in Alberta is from late July to early August. 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-Distribution 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "BC to Nova Scotia, south to FL and CA (McGuffin 1987)." 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-GeneralDescription 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small, tan geometrid with an intricate pattern of maroon lines, bands and venation. Forewing apex slightly falcate. This species is immediately recognizable; there are no other species like it in Alberta." 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-Habitat 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous and mixedwood forests and woodlands. 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-LifeCycle 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The common name Filament Bearer stems from the bizarre caterpillar of this species, which is able to evert two pairs of long tentacle-like structures dorsally on the abdomen (See Ives & Wong 1988, Wagner et al. 2001). The function of these structures is unknown, but perhaps is meant to mimic dead, dried flower parts or plant debris. Pupation occurs within a cocoon among plant foliage, and the egg hibernates (McGuffin 1987)." 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6084-TrophicStrategy 6084 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are generalists on both deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs. Often occurs on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga), hemlock (Tsuga), fir (Abies), spruce (Picea), willow (Salix), white birch (Betula papyrifera), hazelnut (Corylus); also low-growing plants such as strawberry (Fragaria) and carrot (Daucus) (McGuffin 1987)." 6/21/07 13:58 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-ConservationStatus 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A rather common species in suitable habitat; no concerns 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-Cyclicity 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in late May and early June. 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-Distribution 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern and coastal California north to southern Washington and southern Alberta, east to southwestern Saskatchewan, western Wyoming and Colorado." 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-GeneralDescription 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.8-4.1 cm wingspan) streaky brownish-grey moth. The ""normal"" cross lines are obsolete, and the orbicular and reniform spots are elongated white-outlined doodles. The veins are lined with black scales and there are slightly darker streaks between the veins, darkest near the outer margin. A dusting of white scales along the costa and the lower edge of the wing gives them a frosted appearance. The most prominent marking is the rather thin black basal streak and the adjoining black scaling in the space basad to the orbicular. The hindwings are white, with a few dark scales along the veins in some specimens. The forewing fringes are lightly checkered, those of the hindwings solid white. Very similar to both P. postera Fauske & Laf. and Setagrotis radiola (Hamp.), both of which fly much later in the season, in August." 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-Habitat 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid native grassland-sagebrush valley floodplains and slopes; badlands 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6099-LifeCycle 6099 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light but have also been observed nectaring in numbers during the afternoon at wolf-willow (Eleagnus) blossoms (C. Schmidt and G. Anweiler, unpublished obs.). There is a single annual brood, which emerges in the spring. The early stages are unknown." 6/21/07 14:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-ConservationStatus 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not of concern, a severe pest of wild and ornamental birch." 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-Cyclicity 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Late May to July, may continue to emerge late into August" 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-Distribution 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "European native, Northeast United States, Eastern Canada to Ontario, Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Alaska." 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-GeneralDescription 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: Small black sawflies, 4mm long. Females only, males not recorded. Species is likely parthenogenic. Tibia and tarsus white to light yellow, wings brown tinged and darker near the body. Adults may often co-occur with Fenusa pusilla on birch and appear similar but can be distinguished by the ovipositor. Both species posess a saw-like ovipositor used to deposit eggs under the surface of leaves. Profenusa thomsoni's saw is well developed and posses wide, closely spaced serrulae (teeth). \n\nLarvae: Creamy white to light brown as the larva ages. Six instars. One of only three species in Alberta to feed inside birch leaves. Dorso-ventrally flattened with a forward facing head except for the final instar where the characteristic eruciform shape is retained and the mouthparts face ventrally. 7.0 mm long in the final (5th ) instar. Medium sized dark brown to black plates on the thorax, visible in all instars but more easily distinguished in larger larvae. These plates can be used to distinguish between P. thomsoni and two other birch leafmining species Fenusa pumila and Heterarthrus nemoratus. In F. pumila the plates appear as a continuous dark black stripe running onto the 1st abdominal segment, while in H. nemoratus a single plate is visible on the 1st thoracic segment only (occasionally with light plates on the 2nd or 3rd thoracic segments).\n\nThe larval mine of P. thomsoni can be used to separate it from F. pumila. Since P. thomsoni attacks mature leaves, feeding does not disrupt the shape of the leaf whereas F. pusilla attacks expanding leaves and larval feeding tends to result in crinkled leaves. This character is more usefull early in the season second generation F. pumila may attack fully expanded leaves.\n\nAdapted from Smith 1971 and Goulet 1992." 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-Habitat 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Unknown for adults. Larva feeders on wild and ornamental birch. 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-LifeCycle 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Drouin and Wong (1984) detailed the life history of this species in Alberta. Adults emerge in late May to early June, becoming abundant by July. Parthenogenic females lay eggs inside birch leaves using the sawlike ovipositor to open small slits in the upper surface of leaves. Larvae feed inside the leaf creating a distinctive blotch shaped mine but drop to the ground to pupate. There are 6 larval instars, 5 spent feeding inside the leaf and the 6th is spent looking for a suitable location to pupate. In North America there is only one generation per year.\nLeafminer adults appear to prefer fully expanded leaves, but will lay eggs in any acceptable host. Where P. thomsoni and Fenusa pumila co-occur they are capable of defoliating whole trees and can be significant forest and horticultural pests. \n\nProfenusa thomsoni has occasionally occurred at outbreak levels in urban areas of Alberta, the Northwest Territories and Alaska since the 1960's but can be controlled by the Ichneumonid parasitoid wasp Lathrolestes luteolator. This wasp lays its eggs inside developing P. thomsoni larvae that hatch after the leafminer pupates and consumes the host (Digweed et al. 2003)." 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5778-TrophicStrategy 5778 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Primarily a feeder on members of the Betulaceae, common on a number of species of Betula (Birch)." 8/16/05 11:16 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-ConservationStatus 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Uncommon, probably of no concern." 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-Cyclicity 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to early July. 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-Distribution 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia west to British Columbia, north to the Yukon, and south to Pennsylvania, Illinois and California (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Siskiyou Co., California. Reported from Areas 7 (Lloydminster) and 10 (Edmonton) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Pyrausta fumoferalis. Also known in Alberta from 8 km NW of Winfield." 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-GeneralDescription 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan around 30 mm. Forewings dark grayish fuscous, hindwings lighter. A checkered terminal line is present, especially on the forewings above. The genitalia are very similar to those of Saucrobotys futilalis (Munroe 1976). Similar to S. futilalis but the forewings of the latter are light brown in color and the checkered terminal line is not as obvious. Also similar to Mutuuraia mysippusalis but the latter has a more acute apex of the forewing and lacks a checkered terminal line." 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-Habitat 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat South-facing slopes near spreading dogbane. 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-LifeCycle 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6368-TrophicStrategy 6368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may possibly feed on Apocynum androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane) as does Saucrobotys futilalis. Spreading dogbane is common where moths were collected near Winfield. 3/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-ConservationStatus 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "At the edge of its range in southwestern Alberta, but no obvious reasons for any concern." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-Cyclicity 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta records are from mid June to late July. 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-Distribution 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, occurring from the mountains of southwestern Alberta, north to Banff and west to Vancouver Island." 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-GeneralDescription 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (23–26 mm wingspan) yellow-brown moth, with darker grey-brown median and postmedian lines. Medial line wider and less well-defined, postmedian line narrow and darker. Area between postmedian line and outer margin with several indistinct darker bands and lines. Discal dots absent or, if present, nearly obsolete. Hairbrush present on metathoracic tibia of male. The male and female genitalia are described and illustrated (as Scopula subfuscata) by McGuffin (1967)" 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-Habitat 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Montane wooded and shrubby openings and edges. 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6108-LifeCycle 6108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood. 6/21/07 14:08 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6121-Distribution 6121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Abagrotis brunneipennis is found from Newfoundland west to Vancouver Island, south to west central Oregon, Utah, Colorado and North Carolina. In Alberta it has been collected sparingly throughout the boreal forest, from Redwater north almost to Lake Athabasca and in the foothills near Kananaskis." 7/6/07 13:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6121-GeneralDescription 6121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.3-3.7 cm wingspan) moth with brick-red forewings and black hindwings. The forewings vary in color in the same population from dull brown with rather prominent dark orbicular and reniform to deep brick red with black basal and subterminal bands (illustrated). The banded form of brunneipennis is unmistakable. Most brunneipennis have a deeper more saturated almost greasy-looking appearance. The markings on most specimens are faint or obsolete, with the dark shade at the top of the subterminal shade most prominent. They are very closely related and most likely to be confused with A. cupida, most specimens of which are lighter orange-red and have lighter black hindwings. Brunneipennis is associated with sandy habitats in the cooler boreal forest and foothills regions, while cupida frequents dry often clay habitats south of the boreal forests. Although bar-code sequence fails to differentiate between cupida and brunneipennis, there are significant differences in both the male and female genitalia. Lafontaine (1998) illustrates the various forms of adults and genitalia of both sexes." 7/6/07 13:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6121-Habitat 6121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It is found in sandy habitats in association with blueberry. 7/6/07 13:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6121-LifeCycle 6121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults are nocturnal and come to both light and sugar bait. There is a single annual brood with adults in August and early September. 7/6/07 13:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6121-TrophicStrategy 6121 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Wild larvae have been collected on blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) 7/6/07 13:36 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-ConservationStatus 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Never common, but probably of no concern." 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-Cyclicity 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid June through July. 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-Distribution 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The nominate subspecies occurs in central and northern Europe. Alberta material belongs to the subspecies caecalis Wlk., type locality Nova Scotia, which is known from Nova Scotia and Labrador west to British Columbia and southern Alaska, south to Massachusetts and New York in the east, and Oregon and Idaho in the west (Munroe 1976). Reported from Areas 6 (Calgary), 7 (Lloydminster), 8 (Red Deer), 10 (Edmonton), 18 (Waterton), 20 (Nordegg) and 21 (Jasper National Park) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Scoparia centuriella D. & S. Also known in Alberta from Beaverdam Campground Recreation Area, Crowsnest Pass, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, the Lowden Springs Conservation Area, McKenzie Crossing, Prospect Mountain and The Pallisades in Jasper National Park." 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-GeneralDescription 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspread 20-30 mm. A medium to large, smoky gray to dark brown Pyralid. Distinct, sinuate AM and PM lines usually evident on the forewings, the area between the lines somewhat lighter in color; small, dark orbicular and reniform spots often present. Hind wings lighter, smoky gray near the terminus, lighter medially, lacking AM and PM lines. Thorax and abdomen robust. Noctuid-like when spread, but typically pyraloid when at rest and with porrect labial palpi and upright maxillary palpi." 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-Habitat 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Too variable to be defined. 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-LifeCycle 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The larvae have been described and figured by Mackay (1972). Adults come to light. 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6372-TrophicStrategy 6372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 3/31/08 8:10 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-ConservationStatus 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Very common, of no concern." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-Cyclicity 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May to August. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-Distribution 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widely distributed throughout the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions. In North America, across Canada, north into the Northwest Territories and the Yukon, south to Arizona (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Uppsala, Sweden. Reported from Areas 2-8 (Prairie and Aspen Parkland), 10 (Edmonton), 15 (Peace River) and 18 (Waterton) in Alberta by Bowman (1951). Also known from Big Knife Provincial Park, Bindloss, the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, the J.J. Collett Natural Area, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Dunvegan, East Arrowwood Coulee, Erskine, Fort Macleod, Lethbridge, Lost River, Lowden Springs Conservation Area, Max Lake, Medicine Lake Recreation Area, Nevis, Pine Lake, Red Deer, Rochon Sands Provincial Park, Steveville and Winfield." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-GeneralDescription 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Ground color grayish brown, forewings above with a whitish discal spot and a yellowish ST stripe, hind wings above grayish brown with a thin yellowish ST line and a yellowish PM line. Wingspan 22-24 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Somewhat similar to L. cereralis and L. commixtalis, but smaller and upperside of the forewings without black streaking and wedges, and with a yellowish ST stripe that is distinctly expanded near vein R1." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-Habitat 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Widespread throughout aspen parkland and prairie areas. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-LifeCycle 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The larvae pass the winter in silk-lined cells in loose soil (Bird 1961). The moths are both diurnal and nocturnal and come to light. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6243-TrophicStrategy 6243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed on many of the broad-leaved weeds, particularly Chenopodium album (lamb's-quarters), but also attack flax, sugar beets, sunflowers and many garden plants. In the aspen parkland, numbers increased with the advent of agriculture in the 1900-1920 period (Bird 1961)." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6377-Distribution 6377 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Newfoundland and Labrador west to BC and Yukon. 4/2/08 13:20 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6377-GeneralDescription 6377 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx. 2.5-2.7 cm wingspan) dark red-brown or yellowish-brown moth. There is a black basal streak, short is some specimens but extending half way across the wing in the fold in others. The most prominent markings are the contrasting white cubital and median veins, and to a lesser degree the anal and radial veins as well. For the most part this white scaling stops well short of the wing margin. The trailing edge of the forewing is usually pale yellow or buff. The hindwings are dark sooty brown or black. Sexes similar. The combination of small size, robust build, red-brown color and contrasting white cubital vein will usually identify this moth. The illustrated specimen was collected at Gull Lake, AB." 4/2/08 13:20 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6377-Habitat 6377 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it is widespread in the aspen parklands, and has been collected north into the southern edge of the boreal forest and west to the mountains at low elevations. Apparently absent from the grasslands region. It frequents mesic areas including the edges of aspen bluffs and hayfields, old fields, meadows etc." 4/2/08 13:20 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6377-LifeCycle 6377 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood, which flies in mid-late summer. The larval host(s) is apparently unknown. Related species are borers in plant stems." 4/2/08 13:20 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6344-Distribution 6344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "An eastern species, ranging from the Maritimes west to the Rocky Mountains, south at least to New York, Indiana, Illinois and Ohio. It is listed as rare in Ohio and Illinois. In Alberta it is known only from 3 Bowman specimens collected at Edmonton in the first half of the last century, and his listing it without details for Calgary. The dates are from June 23 to July 12. Panatela is found associated with wetlands." 3/20/08 13:57 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6344-GeneralDescription 6344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (approx 2.2-2.4 cm wingspan) light beige or tan moth. The usual noctuid spots and lines are reduced to a series of black dots where the antemedian and postmedian lines cross the veins. The most prominent marking is usually the dark smeared streak running outward along the median vein. The forewing beyond the postmedian line is often dark as well, and in pale specimens here is narrow black terminal line. The veins, especially on the outer third, are lined with white scales. The hindwings are light tan, with a faint median line, discal spot and a thin dark terminal line. Antennae are simple and the sexes are similar. The overall color can be quite variable, from darker brown to very light (as illustrated). Melanic specimens also occur. The illustrated specimen is from the CBIF Moths of Canada website." 3/20/08 13:57 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6344-LifeCycle 6344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Almost nothing is known of the life history. The adults are nocturnal and come to light, and there appears to be a single annual brood with the adults flying in early summer. The larval hosts are unknown, but other members of the genus are stem borers, and it has been postulated that panatela are also borers in the stem of a wetlands plant. The generic name Spartinaphaga translates as ""Cordgrass eater"", but does not imply that cordgrass is a host of panatela." 3/20/08 13:57 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6344-TrophicStrategy 6344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval hosts are unknown, but other members of the genus are stem borers, and it has been postulated that panatela are also borers in the stem of a wetlands plant. The generic name Spartinaphaga translates as ""Cordgrass eater"", but does not imply that cordgrass is a host of panatela." 3/20/08 13:57 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-Cyclicity 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity They fly in midsummer. 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-Distribution 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, ranging from the wet coastal forests east to the Rocky Mountains. In Alberta a single specimen was collected in Waterton National Park in 2005." 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-GeneralDescription 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 2.7 cm wingspan) noctuid moth with a pointed rather than rounded forewing apex. The forewings are relatively unmarked rusty or yellow-orange to yellow-tan, crossed by thin reddish or dark brown antemedian and postmedian lines. Both lines start at the lower margin and angle outward in a relatively straight line to or beyond the middle of the wing before angling sharply back to the costa. The hindwings are dirty white to dull black. Mythimna oxygala and Neleucania bicolorata are similar, but are tan, rusty or orange, and lack the cross lines on the forewings." 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-Habitat 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mesic woodlands and meadows. 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-LifeCycle 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "We have few data. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The larval hosts are reported to be clover (Trifolium sp.) and Aster sp. Possibly a general feeder. Zosteropoda hirtipes frequent mesic woodlands and meadows, and are reported to be abundant in wet coastal forest in BC. They fly in midsummer; the lone Alberta specimen was collected on July 11, 2005." 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6346-TrophicStrategy 6346 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larval hosts are reported to be clover (Trifolium sp.) and Aster sp. Possibly a general feeder. 3/20/08 14:03 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-ConservationStatus 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Of no concern. 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-Cyclicity 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid May to mid July. 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-Distribution 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland and Labrador west to British Columbia, north to Alaska and the Yukon (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Square Island, Labrador. In Alberta, reported from Areas 8 (Red Deer), 10 (Edmonton), 19 (Banff) and 20 (Nordegg) (Bowman 1951). Also known from Jasper National Park." 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-GeneralDescription 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Ground color of both fore and hind wings above fulvous brown with dull yellowish-buff PM and ST lines. Wingspan 14-18 mm. Very close to Pyrausta subsequalis plagialis but the wings are somewhat duller and it has a more northern distribution. Regarded as Pyrausta subsequalis borealis in Hodges et al. (1983), but Munroe (1976) comments ""Forbes, in my opinion correctly, considered it a 'northern' variety"". No genitalic differences between the two are mentioned by Munroe (1976)." 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-Habitat 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Boreal Forest 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-LifeCycle 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown, Adults come to light." 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6261-TrophicStrategy 6261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may possibly feed on a species of mint. 2/15/08 11:50 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-ConservationStatus 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Common. Of no concern. 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-Cyclicity 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to July 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-Distribution 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec west to British Columbia (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Scandia, Alberta. In Alberta, reported from Areas 6 (Calgary), 8 (Red Deer) and 10 (Edmonton) (Bowman 1951). Also known from Big Knife Provincial Park, the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Crowsnest Pass, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Dunvegan, Erskine, the J.J. Collett Natural Area, the Lowden Springs Natural Area, Nevis, Shandro Bridge, Tolman Bridge and Waterton Lakes National Park." 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-GeneralDescription 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Forewings above pinkish buff, hindwings above whitish buff with a noticeable fuscous PM line. Females tend to have somewhat darker forewings. Wingspan 22-25 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Similar to Pyrausta socialis but socialis has forewings that are deep reddish or pinkish brown with a well-marked purplish luster. Also, in Pyrausta fodinalis septentrionicola the uncus is rounded, instead of being distally truncate, and lateral thorn-like processes are lacking." 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-Habitat 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Undisturbed prairie and grassland areas 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-LifeCycle 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6263-TrophicStrategy 6263 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may possibly feed on a species of mint. 2/15/08 11:50 3/21/13 11:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-ConservationStatus 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not commonly collected but probably of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-Cyclicity 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to July. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-Distribution 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout boreal Canada from British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south to New Hampshire and Wisconsin." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-GeneralDescription 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adult is unmistakeable because of the characteristic forewing pattern. The forewing is entirely striated with dark grey and white streaks that trend towards the outer edges of the wing. The hindwing is dark grey and the remainder of the body is normally dull white.\nThe larva is similar to A. alberta but has a paler head and the thoracic shield is pale, bordered with dark brown (MacKay 1962)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-Habitat 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Boreal forest, especially where spruce is dominant." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-LifeCycle 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life history is not reported for this rarely seen species, but likely feeds amongst spruce foliage." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30139-TrophicStrategy 30139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Black Spruce (Picea mariana) & White Spruce (P. glauca) (Razowski 1977). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6378-Distribution 6378 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, found from extreme southern Alberta south and west at least to Utah Oregon and California. In Alberta (and Canada) it is known only from the Lethbridge and Writing-on-stone areas." 4/2/08 13:24 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6378-GeneralDescription 6378 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (approx 3 cm wingspan) with brown forewings and light grey-brown hindwings. The forewings are grey-brown with lighter red-brown in a more or less longitudinal pattern. The most prominent markings are the white strip forming the lower end of the postmedian line, and the narrow blackish streak in the fold between the antemedian and postmedian lines. The forewing fringe is checkered with white at the veins. The antennae are simple and the sexes are alike. A number of Apamea species share a similar color and pattern but are larger and more robust moths." 4/2/08 13:24 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6378-Habitat 6378 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Native grassland in the arid grasslands region. 4/2/08 13:24 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6378-LifeCycle 6378 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Almost nothing is known. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, which flies in Alberta in late summer and early fall (August 25-September 7). Bowman (in error?) states it flies in July. The larval hosts are unknown." 4/2/08 13:24 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6127-Distribution 6127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Across Canada from NFLD to BC, south in the east to Connecticut and Ohio and in the west to Colorado." 7/6/07 13:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6127-GeneralDescription 6127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (2.0-2.8 cm wingspan) robust furry stubby-winged noctuid moth. The forewings are light yellow brown or beige, dusted with darker scales. The antemedian and postmedian line are uncompelled marked by a line of black dots or short streaks between the veins. The amount of black scaling varies in specimens and often forms a dark line along the fold. Veins lined with paler scales and standing out against the darker ground. Hindwings paler than forewings, dusted with light grey mainly on the outer half, and with veins contrasting with the ground as in the forewings. Occasional specimens are entirely suffused with dark scales on the forewings. The small size, pale color and stubby appearance will help separate inquinata it from similar species." 7/6/07 13:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6127-Habitat 6127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it occurs throughout much of the boreal forest, parklands and foothills region, but is apparently absent in most of the grasslands region. It frequents wetland edges and mesic meadows, flooded ditches, sedge meadows and fens." 7/6/07 13:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6127-LifeCycle 6127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, which flies in July and the first half of August. The larvae are known to bore in the stems of sedge (Carex species)." 7/6/07 13:49 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-ConservationStatus 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Local and uncommon. 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-Cyclicity 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-Distribution 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North America, east to central southern SK and western ND, south to southern NM, AZ and CA. In Alberta it has been collected in the arid grasslabds region north to the south Saskatchewan River valley." 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-GeneralDescription 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (3.5-3.8 cm. ws), light colored Cucullia with mottled grey, white and grey-brown forewings and pale hindwings with a narrow darker terminal band. It resembles a small, greyer C. montanae, but with the forewings more streaked and with the reniform and orbicular more sharply outlined. The much smaller size will separate it from all other Alberta Cucullia species. The valves of male montanae are broad and squared at the tip, whereas those of antipoda taper to a curved tip." 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-Habitat 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid short-grass prairie and badlands. 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6379-TrophicStrategy 6379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "None. According to Poole (1995), probably a shrubby composite." 4/2/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6347-Cyclicity 6347 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta adults are on the wing from mid June through early September. 3/20/08 14:05 3/3/15 11:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6347-Distribution 6347 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Atlantic coast north to the North West Territories and Alaska, south in the west to California and Utah. In Alberta it has been collected along drainages throughout the grasslands region, the parklands, foothills and mountains north into the boreal forest to the Birch Mountains." 3/20/08 14:05 3/3/15 11:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6347-GeneralDescription 6347 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 2.6-3.0 cm wingspan) orange-brown or tan moth with dark streaking. The forewings are rusty and orange-buff, with a short thick black basal streak and broad dark grey-black median stripe that widens toward the margin. The veins are lined with a mix of grey and white scales. The normal spots and lines are absent, except for the black terminal line, broken at the veins. The fringe is a mix of light grey and buff scales. Hindwings buff-white near the base, suffused with grey scales on the outer two-thirds, darker toward the margin. There is a partial thin black terminal line and a buff-white fringe. Antennae simple and sexes alike." 3/20/08 14:05 3/3/15 11:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6347-Habitat 6347 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "drainages, grasslands, parklands, foothills, mountains north into the boreal forest" 3/20/08 14:05 3/3/15 11:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6347-LifeCycle 6347 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. There is a single annual brood. The adults are nocturnal and come to light. In Alberta adults are on the wing from mid June through early September. There may be a partial second brood. 3/20/08 14:05 3/3/15 11:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-ConservationStatus 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Locally common, of no concern." 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-Cyclicity 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to mid July 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-Distribution 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec west to British Columbia, south to Florida, Texas and Colorado (Munroe (1976). Type Locality Texas. Reported from Area 10 (Edmonton) in Alberta by Bowman (1951). Also known in Alberta from the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Erskine, the J.J. Collett Natural Area, Nevis, Rochon Sands Provincial Park and Winfield." 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-GeneralDescription 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan 16-18 mm. An easily recognized, little, dark brown moth with wide forewings, strongly arched costa, falcate apex and a white discal bar. There is a thin, black, arcuate PM line on both fore and hind wings above. The hind wing fringe is white, while it is dark on the lower half of the forewings, then white, and then black at the apex. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Unlike any other Alberta micromoth." 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-Habitat 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Woods in the Aspen Parkland. 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-LifeCycle 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6312-TrophicStrategy 6312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown 2/27/08 13:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-ConservationStatus 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon due to habitat loss from agriculture 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-Cyclicity 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late May to late July 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-Distribution 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Known from Ontario west to southern Alberta and south to Florida and Missouri (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Pennsylvania. In Alberta, reported from Areas 8 (Red Deer) and 10 (Edmonton) by Bowman (1951). Also known from Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Nevis and Winfield." 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-GeneralDescription 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A dark brown moth with a wide, pale yellowish PM line and a pale yellowish discal spot, on both fore and hind wings above, with a wingspan of 18-21 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Similar to Pyrausta orphisalis, but the latter is smaller with a wingspan of 15-17 mm, has a less curved hind wing AM line, and it also has a thin, dark line running through the upper part of the pale yellowish forewing PM line. Also similar to Pyrausta tuolumnalis, but the latter has a whitish, rather than yellowish, PM line and discal spot." 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-Habitat 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Undisturbed areas in Aspen Parkland and Mixed\nWoods. 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-LifeCycle 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6264-TrophicStrategy 6264 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown, possibly one or more mint species" 2/15/08 11:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-ConservationStatus 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon due to habitat loss. 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-Cyclicity 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late May to mid August 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-Distribution 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Quebec west to British Columbia, south to Colorado, Utah, Nevada and California (Munroe 1976). Type Locality Sierra Nevada, California. In Alberta, reported from Areas 10 (Edmonton) and 20 (Nordegg) by Bowman (1951). Also known from Big Knife Provincial Park, the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, East Arrowwood Coulee, Erskine, Gull Lake, Jasper National Park, Kootenay Plains, Nevis, Rochon Sands Provincial Park and Winfield." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-GeneralDescription 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Fore and hind wings fuscous (grey brown), faintly tinged with red or purple. A pale buff PM line is present in both fore and hind wings above. The wingspan is 20-23 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Unlike any other Alberta Pyraustas." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-Habitat 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Undisturbed areas in central Alberta 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-LifeCycle 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Unknown, Adults come to light." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6265-TrophicStrategy 6265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Unknown, The larvae may feed on one or more species of mint." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-ConservationStatus 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Details unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-Cyclicity 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid June to late July. 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-Distribution 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland west to British Columbia, south to Florida and New Mexico (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Ontario. Reported for Alberta from Areas 7 (Lloydminster), 8 (Red Deer), 10 (Edmonton) and 20 (Nordegg) by Bowman (1951) as Pyrausta ochosalis Dyar. Also known in Alberta from Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Nevis, Pigeon Lake, and Winfield." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-GeneralDescription 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A dark brown moth with a wide, pale yellowish, PM line and a pale yellowish discal spot on both fore and hind wings above. The upper part of the forewing PM line has a thin,dark, diagonal line running through it. The wingspan is 15-17 mm. The genitalia are described in Munroe (1976). Similar to Pyrausta generosa but somewhat smaller, and the latter has a more curved, pale yellowish, PM line on the hindwings, also the thin, dark, diagonal line is lacking in the upper part of the forewing PM line." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-Habitat 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mainly in undisturbed areas of Aspen Parkland. 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-LifeCycle 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Details unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6266-TrophicStrategy 6266 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae are reported by Munroe (1976) to have fed on a number of mints, including a species of Monarda." 2/15/08 11:52 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-ConservationStatus 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare. Known from only one location in Alberta. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-Distribution 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Munroe (1976) reported the subspecies awemealis from southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The Type Locality is Aweme, Manitoba. Not reported for Alberta by Bowman (1951). Known on the basis of six specimens collected on three separate nights in Aspen Parkland in the Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, north of Stettler." 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-GeneralDescription 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A smaller moth with a wingspan around 23 mm. The ground color of the upperside of both fore and hind wings is pale yellowish white, being somewhat more yellowish in the upper part of the forewings. A pink Y is present in the outer half of the forewings, somewhat similar to the darker, purplish Y overlaid with lead colored scales that is present in Choristostigma plumbosignalis. The ground color of the fore wings in the latter is sulphur yellow, not pale yellowish white. Pyrausta scurralis was described by Hulst (1886) from Arizona and New Mexico material. The upper side of the hind wings have a wide light brown band near the margin." 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-Habitat 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Undisturbed, shrubby Aspen Parkland areas in \nassociation with aspen, silverwillow and buckbrush" 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-LifeCycle 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Early stages unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6267-TrophicStrategy 6267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may feed on a member of the Mint Family (Labiatae). 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-ConservationStatus 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon due to habitat loss from agriculture. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-Cyclicity 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to mid July. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-Distribution 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Known from Ontario west to British Columbia, south to Texas and the Carolinas (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is simply given at North America. In Alberta, it has been reported from Areas 1 (Cypress Hills), 6 and 18 (Waterton) by Bowman (1951). It is also known from Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, the Lowden Springs Conservation Area, Nevis, Red Deer, and Taber." 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-GeneralDescription 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A pretty moth with bright pink or purplish forewings and a wingspan of 18-22 mm. The forewings above have narrow, jagged, white AM and PM lines, and there is a white discal spot. The hind wings above are light brown and have a weak PM line. The labial palps point forward. The genitalia are described in Munroe (1976)." 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-Habitat 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Areas of native Aspen Parkland and grassland\ncoulees where Monarda fistulosa occurs. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-LifeCycle 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Details unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6268-TrophicStrategy 6268 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae feed on species of Monarda (Munroe 1976). Monarda fistulosa occurs in Alberta. 2/15/08 11:53 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6238-ConservationStatus 6238 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "An uncommon (or uncommonly collected) species in Alberta, known from less than a dozen specimens." 2/14/08 9:59 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6238-Cyclicity 6238 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Alberta specimens have been collected from mid-July to late August. 2/14/08 9:59 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6238-Distribution 6238 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, ranging from at least west central Alberta south to Colorado, Utah and California. In Alberta it has been collected only in the three 3 National Parks, Waterton, Banff and Jasper." 2/14/08 9:59 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6238-GeneralDescription 6238 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3 cm wingspan) pyralid moth. The forewings are dark grey, crossed by narrow black angled antemedian and postmedian lines. The median area bordering the lower part of the postmedian line is suffesed and bordered with white scales. The area between the postmedian and subterminal lines is largely filed with rust-red. The terminal area and fringe is grey. The hindwings are pale pink-ochre, crossed by a narrow dark postmedian line and with a broader terminal band." 2/14/08 9:59 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6238-Habitat 6238 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Montane meadows 2/14/08 9:59 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6380-Distribution 6380 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Most common in eastern North America, from Newfoundland and central ON south to SC. It occurs west to extreme southern BC and south to CA, UT and AZ." 4/2/08 13:54 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6380-GeneralDescription 6380 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approximately 4.4-4.6 cm. wingspan) long-winged dark grey moth. The forewings are uniformly grey, with faint thin black streaks, in particular a narrow black edge along the lower wing margin ending in a small black crescent and streak in the anal angle. The orbicular and reniform spot are poorly marked, and the forewing fringe is lightly checkered with grey and white scales. The hindwings are dirty white, shading to grey-brown on the outer half. Most similar to C. postera, but postera has distinct rusty red scaling along the outer half of the costa and in the anal angle area. Cucullia omissa is a darker more even purple-grey. Cucullia ""obscurior"" is paler grey than florea, and lacks any trace of purple or rust brown scaling along the costa. Poole (1995) illustrates the adults and the genitalia of both sexes, which apparently lack characters that will reliably separate florea from postera and “obscurior”." 4/2/08 13:54 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6380-Habitat 6380 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It occurs in meadows and open woodlands. 4/2/08 13:54 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6380-LifeCycle 6380 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "There is a single annual brood, with adults early June - late July, peaking in mid-July. Like other Cucullia species, the adults are nocturnal and come to light. Descriptions of the early stages (i.e. Crumb 1956) are suspect owing to difficulties in separating western members of the Cucullia florea-postera group. Specimens from Nova Scotia have been reared on Erigeron (Asteraceae) (Poole, 1995)." 4/2/08 13:54 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-ConservationStatus 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common, of no concern" 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-Cyclicity 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid May to mid July. 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-Distribution 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nova Scotia to southern British Columbia, south to New Jersey, Arizona and northern California (Munroe 1976). Reported from Areas 7 (Lloydminster), 10 (Edmonton), 18 (Hillcrest and Blairmore) and 20 (Nordegg) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Loxostege chortalis Grt. The Area 20 report, however, was based on a misdetermined specimen of Saucrobotys futilalis inconcinnalis. Also known in Alberta from Blairmore, Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Burbank, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, Erskine, Hillcrest, Lowden Springs Conservation Area, Nevis, Pine Lake, Rochon Sands Provincial Park and Tolman Bridge." 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-GeneralDescription 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan around 27 mm. Ground color of fore and hind wings whitish-buff with greenish-gray transverse, dentate or crenulate lines. Easily recognized." 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-Habitat 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Grassland and prairie areas 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-LifeCycle 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Described by Munroe (1976). Moths nocturnal but easily flushed (Munroe 1976). 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6314-TrophicStrategy 6314 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae on pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and probably other plants (Munroe 1976). 2/28/08 8:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-ConservationStatus 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Chrysops mitis is widespread and common. In northern New York State, it was the third most common species of deerfly over two years of collecting (White et al., 1985)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-Cyclicity 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults can be found on the wing from late May all the way in September in some places, with peak activity during June and early July (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-Distribution 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transcontinental from Alaska to Labrador, south to California in the west and West Virginia in the east (Stone et al., 1965)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-GeneralDescription 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult females are 8-11 mm long, mainly black, with patches of white pruinosity (powder) and hairs (Teskey 1990). On the head, the antennae are slender, with the first three segments yellow, the remainder black; the frons is nearly square; the clypeus is glossy black, with a shorter median pruinose stripe compared to other Chrysops; the palpi are black. The thorax is covered with mainly white hairs, with sparse black hairs and two indistinct parallel stripes on the scutum; the notopleuron has dominant black hairs; the legs are black, with paler mid and hind tarsi; the wings are infuscated moderately. The abdomen is black dorsally and ventrally, with faint median pruinose triangles on tergites 1-2 (Teskey 1990). \n\nMales are similar but even more pigmented, and they have black hairs all over except for apical abdominal segments (Teskey 1990).\n\nChrysops mitis can be difficult to distinguish from C. ater, but the wing cell cua1 is infuscated at its base in the former and is hyaline (transparent) in the latter (Teskey 1990).\n\nLarvae are cylindrical, elongate, fusiform (spindle-shaped), creamy white to pale yellow, frequently with a greenish tinge, and 16-18 mm long. They are virtually indistinguishable from the larvae of Chrysops cincticornis (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-Habitat 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A wide variety; larvae have been collected from wet moss, decaying vegetation from old beaver ponds, woodland pools, alder swamps, and cattail marshes (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-LifeCycle 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Little is known about the specific life history of C. mitis. White et al. (2000) did find that C. mitis is a strong flier, with a minimum dispersal rate of 1.2 km/hr, which was second only to Chrysops ater and well above the remainder of the deerflies. Lake and Burger (1980) discovered that C. mitis is an obligate anautogenic species, meaning that females must take a blood meal before producing their first batch of eggs; many tabanids are facultative autogenics, meaning that they can produce their first batch of eggs without a blood meal if conditions are right. Adults of C. mitis prefer to fly in the morning than the afternoon, and prefer open field habitat to the edges of wooded areas (Ossowski and Hunter, 2000). Males of C. mitis prefer to find females by waiting on shrubby vegetation at the tops of geographical summits and pursuing passing flies (Leprince et al., 1983). Eggs are laid in triple or quadruple-layered masses of about 550 eggs; the masses are about 8.8 mm in length, 3.4 mm in width, and 1.6 mm in height. The eggs themselves are dark brown to black and are about 1.5 mm in height (Iranpour et al. 2004)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6284-TrophicStrategy 6284 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae of C. mitis. The adults subsist on flower nectar principally, and also on the honeydew of aphids (Ossowski and Hunter, 2000)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-ConservationStatus 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status None needed. 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-Cyclicity 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Canada, C. discalis is found from late May to early August." 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-Distribution 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The southern portions of British Columbia east across the prairies to southern Manitoba, and south from California to Colorado and Nebraska." 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-GeneralDescription 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The most distinctive of Alberta's deerflies. Large, with a length of 8-11 mm. The females overall are pale yellow and grey with black markings. On the head (Teskey 1990) they are black above the antennae and yellow below (except for black spots on the clypeus), and covered all over with grey pruinosity (powder); the ocellar areas are glossy black; the antenna are slender, and darker laterally than dorso-ventrally; the palpi are yellow. The thorax is prominently striped with grey and black; the legs are yellow, with the joints and the apical tarsal segments darkened; the wings have a prominent fenestrated (with window-like openings) pattern. The abdomen dorsally has double rows of black spots, with the spots on tergite 2 united anteriorly; the sternites are yellow (Teskey 1990).\n\nMales are similar but are darker overall, especially on the antennae, wings, scutum, and abdomen.\n\nThe fenestrated pattern of infuscation in the wing cells (infuscation around the perimeter of the cells but not in the center) is diagnostic except for some C. fulvaster, but the antennae of the latter are always much more robust. Males of C. discalis are unique in that the eyes are not holoptic (touching) but are separated by the width of an ocellus (Teskey 1990)." 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-Habitat 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry grasslands and prairies. Larvae have been captured from the margins of alkaline lakes and sloughs (Teskey 1990). 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-LifeCycle 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Not much is known of the life history of C. discalis, despite its being known since 1919 as a vector of tularemia, a bacterial disease usually of rabbits and occasionally of humans (Cole, 1969)." 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6279-TrophicStrategy 6279 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of the larvae, nor of the adults specifically. Adult Chrysops are known to ingest flower nectar and aphid honeydew as their primary food source (Teskey 1990)." 2/26/08 13:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-Cyclicity 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity nothing is known of the habitat where it was collected in Alberta. 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-Distribution 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Plebia is a western species, found from southwestern Alberta and southern BC, south along the coast to central CA and in the mountains to northern UT and central CO. In Alberta it is known only from a single specimen collected by David Hardwick on August 12, 1961, 12 miles east of Champion. Frequents wooded and shrubby areas in the mountains; nothing is known of the habitat where it was collected in Alberta." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-GeneralDescription 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.8 cm wingspan) moth with pale yellow-brown or grey-brown forewings and light grey hindwings. The reniform, orbicular and claviform spots are filled with dark scales which also surround the spots as a dark shade, thus hili-liting the pale outline of the spots. Most similar to the variable and much more common darker grey or red-brown Xestia smithii. Te larger and more contrasting dark area arround the spots will searate the two species. See Lafontaine (1998) for structural differences separating these two species, as well as for illustrations of the adult and the genitalia of both sexes. The larvae is decribed by both Crumb (1956:111) and Lafontaine )(op. cit: 120)." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-Habitat 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in open wooded or shrubby areas. 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-LifeCycle 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The single brood flies in late summer. Larval hosts include a variety of trees and shrubs in several families including hazel, apple, cherry, raspberry, other Rubus sp., rhododendron and willow (Crumb, 1956). Found in open wooded or shrubby areas." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6224-TrophicStrategy 6224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larval hosts include a variety of trees and shrubs in several families including hazel, apple, cherry, raspberry, other Rubus sp., rhododendron and willow" 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:51 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-ConservationStatus 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Locally common, of no concern." 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-Cyclicity 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July to mid-August 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-Distribution 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Ontario west to British Columbia, south to Montana and Colorado (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is probably near London, Ontario. Not reported for Alberta by Bowman (1951). Known in Alberta from Big Knife Provincial Park, Buffalo Lake Conservation Area, Dry Island Provincial Park, McKenzie Crossing, Nevis, Tolman Bridge and Waterton Lakes National Park." 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-GeneralDescription 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Forewings above deep reddish, or pinkish brown with well marked purplish luster, ST band dark, complete and conspicuous. Hindwings above whitish buff with a noticeable fuscous PM line. Females tend to have somewhat darker forewings. Wingspan 22-25 mm. The genitalia are described by Munroe (1976). Similar to Pyrausta fodinalis septentrionicola but P. socialis has forewings that are more intensely colored. Also, in P. socialis the uncus is distally truncate and lateral, thorn-like processes are lacking, while in Pyrausta fodinalis septentrionicola the uncus is rounded and lateral thorn-like processes are present." 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-Habitat 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairie area 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-LifeCycle 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6269-TrophicStrategy 6269 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may possibly feed on a species of mint. 2/15/08 11:54 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-ConservationStatus 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare. 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-Cyclicity 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July to early September. 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-Distribution 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Dry parts of southern Alberta and southern British Columbia south to Arizona and New Mexico (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Miller's Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. In Alberta, reported from Area 7 (Lloydminster) (Bowman 1951). Also known from the South Saskatchewan River Valley, south of Bindloss." 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-GeneralDescription 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description Ground color of both fore and hind wings above fulvous brown with dull yellowish-buff PM and ST lines. Wingspan 14-18 mm. Very close to P. borealis but the wings are not as dull and it has a more southern distribution. No genitalic differences between the two are mentioned by Munroe (1976). 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-Habitat 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry prairie areas. 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-LifeCycle 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6270-TrophicStrategy 6270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae may possibly feed on a species of mint. 2/15/08 11:55 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-ConservationStatus 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Apparently uncommon. 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-Cyclicity 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Presumably June and July. 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-Distribution 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western Northwest Territories and the Yukon, south through British Columbia and Alberta to mountains in California and New Mexico (Munroe 1976). The Type Locality is Tuolumne Meadow, California. Not reported for Alberta by Bowman (1951). Reported from Lloydminster, Alberta by Munroe (1976), Also known in Alberta from Sundance Creek, Banff National Park; and from Gorge Creek (NFRC)." 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-GeneralDescription 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A dark brown moth with a wide, buff, PM line and a buff discal spot on both fore and hind wings above. The wingspan is 15-17 mm. The genitalia are described in Munroe (1976). Similar to Pyrausta orphisalis but forewing not as reddish, pale markings buff, not yellowish, patch before PM line smaller; also PM line of hindwing narrower, and buff, not yellowish. Also similar to Pyrausta generosa but the latter has a yellowish, wider, more curved hindwing PM line, and lacks the thin, dark, diagonal line in the upper part of the forewing PM line." 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-Habitat 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Forested areas, primarily in the mountains." 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-LifeCycle 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Details unknown. Adults come to light. 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6271-TrophicStrategy 6271 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. The larvae probably feed on one or more mint species. 2/15/08 11:56 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-ConservationStatus 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Local; rare 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-Cyclicity 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July. 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-Distribution 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution ME and NS west across s. Canada to Vancouver Island; south through MT to ?? The plots for SK in Fig. 9344-3 indicate the northernmost records only. 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-GeneralDescription 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.5 cm. ws) dark brown-black moth. “General effect blackish, mottled dull wood brown, with heavy black shading, mainly along veins. Ordinary lines obscure, except for double bars at costa; basal dash and dash near base of inner margin black, median dash obsolete; terminal area with fine black streaks on veins and bars between veins, the latter very heavy in fold; orb. thick, oblique, somewhat paler, ren. with whitish bar on outer edge. HW dull luteous and fuscous grey” (Forbes, 1954). Antennae simple; sexes similar. Male genitalia: Costal lobe of valve very large (much larger than in commoda), digitus good-sized but weak" 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-Habitat 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Meadows and woodland edges. 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6328-TrophicStrategy 6328 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy grasses. 3/19/08 14:50 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6329-Cyclicity 6329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults in late May and June. 3/19/08 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6329-Distribution 6329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Apamea spaldingi is a western species, occurring from central Saskatchewan (Saskatoon) west to BC, south to at least Colorado and California." 3/19/08 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6329-GeneralDescription 6329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size moth (approx. 3.5 cm wingspan), light and dark grey and black, lacking any of the brown color of most Alberta Apamea. Forewings mottled grey with a prominent black basal dash and thick longitudinal median bar. Hindwings dirty white with a faint dark discal mark and with the outer third clouded with dark grey. There are few other larger black or dark grey moths that fly in the spring in Alberta." 3/19/08 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6329-Habitat 6329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it has been collected mainly along the valleys of the grasslands region, usually in or adjacent to the more mesic wooded or shrubby riparian areas." 3/19/08 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6329-LifeCycle 6329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Poorly known. There appears to be a single brood in Alberta, with adults in late May and June. The adults come to light." 3/19/08 14:51 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-Cyclicity 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Alberta from mid June through early September, with the peak flight from mid July through early August." 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-Distribution 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in North America east of the mountains south to Florida, and from Newfoundland west to British Columbia. In Alberta commoides has been collected throughout the grasslands and parklands region north to the southern edge of the boreal forest (Edmonton) and west to the lower foothills." 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-GeneralDescription 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.5 cm wingspan) moth with yellow-tan forewings with dark streaks and sooty-brown hindwings. There is a narrow black basal streak extending outward to a fine black discal dot, and a slightly thicker broken one along the bottom of the wing. The veins are thinly lined with white scales. The terminal area is slightly darker and has a number of short dark streaks and a series of indistinct dots indicating the postmedian line. The hindwings and all wing fringes are dull sooty brown. The sexes are similar, with females usually a bit darker. The large size, black streaks and dark hindwings will separate commoides from other Alberta Leucania species." 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-Habitat 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "grasslands, parklands in boreal forest, foothills" 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-LifeCycle 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood; adults have been collected in Alberta from mid June through early September, with the peak flight from mid July through early August. The larval host of most Leucania, and probably commoides as well, is various species of grasses." 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6241-TrophicStrategy 6241 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval host of most Leucania, and probably commoides as well, is various species of grasses." 2/14/08 10:42 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-ConservationStatus 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-Cyclicity 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to August. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-Distribution 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alberta prairies south to Wyoming, Washington, California and New Mexico (Munroe 1976). Type Locality Colorado. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951). In Alberta, known from Big Knife Provincial Park and the Red Deer River valley north of Jenner." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-GeneralDescription 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Wingspan around 26 mm. Ground color of fore and hind wings whitish with gray areas, and checkered terminal lines. Forewings with strong yellowish-buff along costa and termen, cell patch pale buff, reniform and orbicular spots small, lunular and round respectively. Genitalia described by Munroe (1976). The strong contrasting coloration of the forewings of this species easily separates it from other Loxostege prairie species, except for L. indentalis which is larger and has less contrasting white and gray forewing markings." 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-Habitat 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairies; badlands. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-LifeCycle 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. Crepuscular and nocturnal; comes to light. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6242-TrophicStrategy 6242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 2/14/08 10:46 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-ConservationStatus 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Due to the widespread distribution of this species, conservation is likely not of concern." 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-Cyclicity 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Can be found flying from early April through to the end of May (Hodges 1974) with one generation occurring each year. 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-Distribution 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Occurs throughout Canada and northern United States (approximately following the 40° N parallel) (Hodges 1974). 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-GeneralDescription 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Semioscopis inornata has bluish-gray forewings that distinguish it from other brown winged Semioscopis species (Hodges 1974). The forewing of some specimens may have darker or yellow-brown scales (Hodges 1974). A black, convex band in forewing discal cell region may or may not be present (Hodges 1974). Typically, two black dots are evident in the basal forewing region and flanked posteriorly by a faint, curved line (Hodges 1974). Forewing length is between 10.5 to 15.0 mm (Hodges 1974). Female inornata have a distinctively long ductus bursae, while the male sacculus is approximately parallel to the valva costal margin (Hodges 1974)." 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-Habitat 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Encountered in deciduous, particularly aspen, and mixed wood forests (Hodges 1974). In Alberta, moths have been caught in locations bordered by the prairie and boreal plains." 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-LifeCycle 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Larvae are leafrollers and occur in June and July (Hodges 1974). Although not reported pupation likely occurs in the ground and is the overwintering life stage (Hodges 1974). 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6249-TrophicStrategy 6249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are known to feed on trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), largetooth apsen (Populus grandidentata), willows (Salix spp.) and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) (Prentice 1965)." 2/14/08 11:25 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-ConservationStatus 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Chrysops nigripes is fairly common across its range; McElligott and Lewis (1998) found that it was the third most common deerfly in one peatland in Labrador, and the most common deerfly in another (McElligott and Lewis, 1996b)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-Cyclicity 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults can be collected from late June through late mid August in the southern parts of its range, but only in July in the northern parts (Teskey 1990; McElligott and Lewis, 1996b)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-Distribution 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Chrysops nigripes is the only North American deerfly with a Holarctic distribution, from Scandinavia across Siberia into Alaska and northern Canada (Teskey 1990)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-GeneralDescription 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females are 8-10 mm in length and predominantly black. On the head, the frons is slightly higher than its basal width, and the frontal callus, ocellar prominence, antennae, clypeus, and gena are black, and glossy to some degree; the clypeus has a median pruinose (powdery) stripe that extends to the oral margin; the palpi are brown (Teskey 1990). The thorax is dark with yellow hairs and indistinct submedian scutal stripes; the pleural stripes are grey pruinose; the lags are black; the wings have a strong crossband but one which does not reach the hind margin, and there is a prominent spur on wing vein R4 (Teskey 1990). The abdomen is mostly black, with lateral yellow patches on tergites 1 or 2 or both; tergites 2-7 have narrow grey posterior margins; the sternites are mostly black (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe males are similar except even darker, with more abundant black hair with reduced grey pruinosity on the thorax and less yellow on the abdominal tergites (Teskey 1990).\n\nThe wing pattern and dark coloration are unique.\n\nLarvae are cylindrical, elongate, fusiform (spindle-shaped), creamy-white, and 14-16 mm long; the respiratory siphon lacks a stigmatal spine; the presence of more than 35 acute spines on tergum 7 separate it from other Chrysops larvae (Teskey 1969)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-Habitat 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Larvae are readily collected from saturated moss on the banks of pools in tundra meadows, a common habitat throughout the north of Canada (Teskey 1969), as well as from substrate at or above the water table in a peatland (McElligott and Lewis, 1996a)." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-LifeCycle 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Little is known of the life history of C. nigripes, but McElligott and Lewis (1996b) found that, in a Labrador peatland, which is representative of the kind of northern habitat C. nigripes occupies, larvae probably take 7-8 years to develop, due to the unpredictable cold and short growing summer." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6285-TrophicStrategy 6285 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nothing is known of the dietary habits of C. nigripes; the adults, like other Chrysops spp., are presumed to subsist primarily upon flower nectar." 2/27/08 9:37 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-ConservationStatus 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Currently unknown but specimen collection is limited which may or may not be indicative of actual population sizes. 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-Cyclicity 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Collection has occurred in June, July and August (Kaila 1999)." 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-Distribution 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Specimens have been collected in New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Saskatchewan (Kaila 1999) and Alberta." 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-GeneralDescription 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults have lanceolate wings with an indistinct brownish fringe line (Kaila 1999). The forewing colouration is quite variable and can range from solid, light yellow to patterned gray (Kaila 1999). On the forewing, a white spot may be present in the costal forewing region and the hindwings are typically grey (Kaila 1999). Forewing length varies between 3.8 to 4.8 mm (Kaila 1999). Because this species is so varied superficially, genitalic characteristics can aid identification. Male E. maritimella is characterized by large uncus lobes which are separated by a narrow median line and a line of cornuti will be evident on the aedeagus (Kaila 1999). In the females the antrum is wine glass shaped and a membranous line can be seen in the ductus bursae (Kaila 1999)." 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-Habitat 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Not reported but E. maritimella has been collected on salt coastal meadows (McDunnough 1942) and on vegetation bordering roads (Kaila 1999). 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-LifeCycle 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults of related species are active during dusk and dawn periods but can occasionally be nocturnal (Kaila 1997). Adults of this genus are generally not noted as readily attracted to lights (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6290-TrophicStrategy 6290 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae of related species are grass leafminers (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:49 3/6/14 21:50 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-ConservationStatus 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Likely not a concern because this genus is widespread. 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-Cyclicity 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Moths have been observed flying as early as April through to September (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-Distribution 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Canada E. orestella can be found in Alberta, Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland Quebec and Yukon (Kaila 1997). In the United States, specimens have been collected in Alaska, Illinois, Massachuesetts, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania (Kaila 1997)." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-GeneralDescription 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Elachista orestella is categorized within the nearctic E. argentella group (Kaila 1997). This group is characterized by having a smooth scaled head, slightly raised neck tufts and antennae that are approximately 2/3 the length of the forewing (Kaila 1997). The wings are lanceolate; the hindwings are grey and translucent and the forewings acute at the tip and typically white (Kaila 1997). Elachista orestella may be mistaken for E. aurocristata but can be separated by the overall size, colouration and genitalic features (Kaila 1997). With a forewing length between 3.1 to 5.7 mm, E. orestella is smaller (Kaila 1997). In E. orestella dark scales create two spots at the midpoint of the forewing and at the 2/3 of the wing at the fold (Kaila 1997). These scales are present but fainter and brownish in E. aurocristata (Kaila 1997). The aedeagus of male E. orestella is shorter than the length of the tegument and uncus combined (Kaila 1997)." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-Habitat 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Nearctic E. argentella members live in a variety of habitats including arctic tundra, alpine meadows, wetlands and grassland prairie (Kaila 1997). In Alberta, E. orestella adults have been encountered in montane habitats." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-LifeCycle 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Elachista adults are typically active during dusk and dawn periods can sometimes be nocturnal. The adults of this genus are not readily attracted to lights (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6293-TrophicStrategy 6293 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Though largely unknown, larval habits of the E. argentella group are reportedly Poaceae leafminers (Kaila 1997)" 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-Cyclicity 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity adults in Alberta from late July through August 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-Distribution 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Across the forested parts of southern Canada, from NS west to central BC; south to NC and WI in the east, and the Canada-USA border in the west; also in the Cypress Hills. Widespread in the boreal forest, foothills and mountains of Alberta. They are found in coniferous woodlands." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-GeneralDescription 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size moth (approx. 3.5-4.0 cm wingspan). There are two forms, one a light grey with a purple or pink tint, the other dark purple-grey. Markings consist of doubled dentate antemedian and postmedian lines, often faint or difficult to trace except for a black spot or bar where they meet the costa. The large round orbicular and the reniform spot are filled with slightly paler scales. The area in the cell basad to the orbicular and the lower part between the orbicular and reniform is black. The rest of the area between the reniform and orbicular is partially filled with reddish brown scales and the area beyond the postmedian line is also mixed with reddish-brown, although these may not be obvious. Pale forms are quite powdery and contrasting, while dark specimens appear quite even and smooth. Sexes similar, but males with bipectinate antennae, females with simple antennae." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-Habitat 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat found in coniferous woodlands 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-LifeCycle 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood, with adults in Alberta from late July through August. The larvae is described and illustrated in color in Duncan (2006) They overwinter as partly grown larvae. They are solitary defoliators of a variety of conifers, in particular Englemann, Black and White spruces Douglas-fir, Balsam fir, Jackpine and Lodgepole pine." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6225-TrophicStrategy 6225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Solitary defoliators of conifers, in particular Englemann, Black and White spruces Douglas-fir, Balsam fir, Jackpine and Lodgepole pine." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-Cyclicity 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta adults are on the wing from late June through mid-August 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-Distribution 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic. X. speciosa is widespread across the northern Palaearctic. In North America it is distributed across the arctic from AK west to Hudson Bay and south in the Rocky Mountains to CO. Two subspecies occur in North America; subspecies arctica Zett. occurs in northern Canada, south to the northern parts of the mountains in Alberta. In the southern Alberta mountains and southward (including Cypress Hills) and south to CO arctica is replaced by ssp. apropitia Benj., a slightly larger darker form that was described from Banff specimens. Speciosa is found in coniferous and mixedwood forest." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-GeneralDescription 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized (3.8 - 5.0 cm wingspan) narrow-bodied rather drab mottled dark and light grey moth. The dentate white subterminal line is the most prominent marking and is bordered inwardly by small black wedges. Claviform, reniform and orbicular spots white outlined and largely filled with grey scales and thus rather obscure. Hindwings light grey with a dark discal dot, faint postmedian line and narrow, dark terminal line. Antennae simple. Sexes similar. Speciosa looks blurry and lacks the crisp contrasting dark grey or black appearance of X. mixta, with which it was formerly lumped and is often confused. The male genitalia are distinct. The genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Lafontaine (1998). In the northern end of the mountains of Alberta speciosa often has dark phenotypes, in extreme cases almost melanic." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-Habitat 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat coniferous and mixedwood forest. 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-LifeCycle 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. In Alberta adults are on the wing from late June through mid-August. The larva is described by Lafontaine (1998). Speciosa is polyphagus, and reported larval hosts include blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) (Ericaceae), Dwarf birch (Betula nana) (Betulaceae) and goldenrod (Solidago spp.) (Asteraceae) (Lafontaine, 1998)." 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6226-TrophicStrategy 6226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Speciosa is polyphagus, and reported larval hosts include blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) (Ericaceae), Dwarf birch (Betula nana) (Betulaceae) and goldenrod (Solidago spp.) (Asteraceae" 2/13/08 15:53 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-ConservationStatus 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-Cyclicity 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults collected in Alberta from mid-May to early August, but seem to be most active in June." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-Distribution 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Widespread in northern and eastern North America. It is also known from Cuba. In Alberta it has been found as far north as George Lake. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-GeneralDescription 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 11.3-14.8mm in length. Entire dorsal surface black. Head and pronotum without hints of violet sometimes seen in C. purpuricollis frosti. Appendages black or piceous. Pronotum very distinct, transverse with widest point being slightly posterior to middle, sides almost evenly curved (C. purpuricollis frosti has sides that are much wider at base); basal margin almost straight; lateral rim very prominent in comparison to other Alberta species. In this species, pronotal punctures are quite large and shallow with very short pubescence, leaving only patches of disc smooth; basal fovea broad, irregular, not reaching centre of prothorax. Prosternum with sparse, course, shallow punctures. Microsculpture isodiametric, readily seen on pronotom and elytra. Intervals slightly convex and densely punctate; setae reddish. Adapted from Bell 1960 and Lindroth 1963." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-Habitat 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Very hydrophilus. Found in swamps and at the margins of small water bodies where vegetation is rich but incoherent (Lindroth 1963). Also taken at light. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-LifeCycle 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Have been recorded swimming both near the shores of a flooded cypress swamp and in salt marshes. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6307-TrophicStrategy 6307 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Predatory, omnivorous." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-ConservationStatus 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-Cyclicity 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Immatures have been collected in August. Adult in Alberta have been collected from mid-May to late July. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-Distribution 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Transamerican with exception of some southwestern states. Collected from the southern portion of Alberta. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-GeneralDescription 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults:10.4-11.9mm in length. Head and pronotum metallic green with pronotum often tinged with gold coloration. Pronotum relatively long and narrow in comparison to both C. lithophilus and C. nebraskensis. Also easily distinguished from C. lithophilus and C. nebraskensis as the head is smooth whereas the other species are punctate. Pronotal margins almost always sinuate. Legs, palpi, and antennal segments 1-3 yellow-brown to orange brown; antennal segments 4-11. Elytra with sides parallel, slightly convex; stria deep but narrow, with fine, close, inconspicuous puntures; intervals flat and densely punctate; microsculpture granular but fine and shiny in appearance; punctures are however, muricate, giving the surface a rough appearance. Pronotum with more strongly curved sides than C. nebraskensis; lateral margin red-brown to black. Adapted from Bell 1960." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-Habitat 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Usually at the border of small standing waters but also recorded from sphagnum bogs in the U.S. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-LifeCycle 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "A teneral specimen captured in Medicine Hat, Alberta in mid-August indicates hibernation in an adult state (Bell 1960)." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6308-TrophicStrategy 6308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Predatory, omnivorous." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-ConservationStatus 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively uncommon. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-Cyclicity 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from late May to late June. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-Distribution 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Northern Great Plains in Alberta, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, and in the dryer eastern areas of both Washington and Oregon. In Alberta, has been collected as far north as Edmonton" 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-GeneralDescription 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 8.7-9.4mm in length. Dorsal surface usually pure black, sometimes with a slight violet hue on head and pronotum. Pronotum wider at base than at apex which help to easily distinguish it from C. niger. The basal impressions of the pronotum a moderately punctate with the rest of the base being only sparsly punctate; spare punctuation on both lateral line and median line, rest of disc with only a few scattered punctures. The second interval of the elytra tends to form irregular transverse rows of two to three punctures, with rows being separated from each other by a distance of approximately half the width of the interval. Adapted from Bell 1960 and Lindroth 1963." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-Habitat 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Little is known but presumably found and the margins of water bodies in dense vegetation. Some Alberta individuals were collected near the North Saskatchewan River. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-LifeCycle 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Not known. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6309-TrophicStrategy 6309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Predatory, omnivorous." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-ConservationStatus 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-Cyclicity 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults collected in Alberta from April to mid-July. 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-Distribution 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Transamerican, spanning Canadian provinces but only known from the southern parts of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Colombia. In Alberta specimens have been collected as far north as Keoma." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-GeneralDescription 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 11.4 – 16.1 mm in length. Entire dorsal surface usually metallic green, though sometimes appears bronze and also can appear bluish when viewed obliquely; rarely with entire dorsal surface being blue. Antennae are long and slender. Pronotum is usually subquadrate, having a basal width of more than 90% of the greatest width across the pronotum; sides slightly sinuate near obtuse posterior angles; middle usually with the greatest width and with apex much narrower than the base; the lateral rim is slightly wider posteriorly and is usually somewhat translucent. Aedeagus with right paramere usually entire and obtusely pointed. Adapted from Bell 1960." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-Habitat 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "On moderately moist, firm ground with dense vegetation of Carex and grasses. Usually close to the borders of standing or running waters." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-LifeCycle 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In Vermont eggs and first instar larvae are abundant in June. In males, the mesotibial brush is utilized in cleaning the dilated segments of the protarsi. Adults likely over-winter. Adapted from Bell 1960, and Lindroth 1963." 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6310-TrophicStrategy 6310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Members of this species that were reared in captivity were observed to feed largely on dead or dying insects while avoiding active prey (Bell 1960). 2/27/08 11:05 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6257-Cyclicity 6257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid-July to late August, most in late July." 2/14/08 11:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6257-Distribution 6257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland west to AK, south to northern New England and southern interior BC, and south in the mountains to CO. In Alberta it has been collected throughout the mountains, but appears to be absent from the Boreal forest region. Subspecies conditoides is found south to about Nordegg, and is replaced southward by subspecies homogena. Found in coniferous woodlands" 2/14/08 11:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6257-GeneralDescription 6257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-large large noctuid (wingspan approx. 4 cm). There are two subspecies, both of which occur in Alberta: the nominate subspecies is larger and light grey, ssp. conditoides (Benj.) is smaller, has a brownish tint and is more prominently marked. The forewings of homogena are marked with a short black basal dash, a black dash before the orbicular and filling the space between the orbicular and reniform spots, and a pair of black wedges in the upper subterminal area. The most prominent marking is the large pale grey orbicular spot. The reniform is boomerang-shaped and partially outlined with black scales. The hindwings are light grey brown with a grey discal mark and a narrow black terminal line. Hindwings light grey with a dark discal mark and a thin black terminal line. Antennae simple. Sexes similar. Most like fabulosa, which has more prominent dentate cross lines and with the upper side of the large orbicular spot open to the pale costa in most specimens. Specimens of fabulosa often also have pink tones not found in homogena." 2/14/08 11:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6257-LifeCycle 6257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light, although females are rarely collected and may be more sedentary than males. Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid-July to late August, most in late July. The larva and the larval hostplant(s) are unknown." 2/14/08 11:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6257-TrophicStrategy 6257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larval hostplant(s) are unknown. 2/14/08 11:38 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-ConservationStatus 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Locally common. 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-Cyclicity 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to mid September. 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-Distribution 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Originally thought to be a native species (Monroe 1947), especially as it is widespread and the females have rudimentary wings, but recent authors feel that this is an introduced European species. It was first reported in North America from Montreal in 1927 (Sheppard 1945) and by 1996 was well established in the Great Lakes area and Ohio by 1996 (Scholtens & Balogh (1996). The first Alberta collection was made in 1995 by Ernest Mengersen at Olds. Reported from numerous locations in the Aspen Parkland and Prairies of Alberta by Pohl et al. (2005) but it is also known from the southern part of the Boreal Forest." 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-GeneralDescription 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small to medium sized whitish moth (13-18 mm wingspan) with semi-transparent wings. Forewings white to light grey, costa and veins brownish; hindwings white. Somewhat similar in appearance to small caddisflies (Trichoptera) and first described as such, rather than as a moth. The females are usually wingless. Formerly called Acentria nivea (Olivier) and referred to as such in Hodges et al. (1983). Easily distinguished as there is no other moth like it in Alberta." 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-Habitat 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The larvae are found in permanent waterbodies \nwhere Water Milfoil and pondweeds occur. The adult \nmales can be found up to a kilometer or so away. 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-LifeCycle 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae are subaquatic. Details of the life history are in Goater (1986) and Goater, Nuss & Speidel (2005). Adult males come to light." 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6259-TrophicStrategy 6259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The foodplants are Water Milfoil (Scholtens and Balogh 1996), pondweeds and other aquatic plants (Goater 1986; Goater, Nuss & Speidel 2005)." 2/14/08 11:45 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-ConservationStatus 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Uncommon, but of no concern." 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-Cyclicity 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June to the end of August 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-Distribution 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western North American species known from Alberta and British Columbia in the north to Arizona in the south. Clifford Ferris (pers. com.) has specimens in his collection from Idaho, New Mexico, South Dakota, Washington and Wyoming. In Alberta, it was first reported (from the Red Deer and Edmonton areas) by Bowman (1951), next by Pohl et al. (2006) from the Lac La Biche area. Also known in the province from the Foothills Forest, lower areas in the mountains and the southern part of the Boreal Forest." 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-GeneralDescription 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A smaller moth having a wingspan of around 20 mm. The forewings above are quite pretty, being sulphur yellow with a light purplish Y overlaid with lead colored scales. The hind wings are off white in color, slightly tinged with yellow on the outer margin. The projecting labial palps are characteristic of the Pyralidae sens lat. Described by Charles Henry Fernald (1838-1921), Professor of Zoology at Massachusetts Agricultural College, in 1888 as Botis plumbosignalis on the basis of Colorado material." 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-Habitat 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A species of grassland coulees, the Aspen Parkland, and \nwooded areas in the Boreal Forest and the mountains." 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-LifeCycle 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Early stages unknown. Adults come to light. 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6260-TrophicStrategy 6260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown 2/14/08 11:47 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-ConservationStatus 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown but current specimen collection reports do not indicate a widespread distribution. Other species within the genus are not likely a concern. 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-Cyclicity 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been observed flying in late May through July (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-Distribution 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Specimens have been collected in southern British Columbia and central Alberta in Canada (Kaila 1997). In the United States, collection has been restricted to Montana, Oregon and Washington (Kaila 1997)." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-GeneralDescription 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Elachista aurocristata is categorized in the E. argentella grouping (Kaila 1997). This group is characterized by having a smooth scaled head, somewhat raised neck tufts and antennae that are approximately 2/3 the length of the forewing (Kaila 1997). The wings are lanceolate with the hindwings being grey and translucent (Kaila 1997). The forewings are acute at the tip and typically white (Kaila 1997). Elachista aurocristata is closely related to E. orestella which is also encountered in Alberta. Elachista aurocristata is larger than E. orestella with a forewing length between 4.8 – 5.5 mm (Kaila 1997). The two spots at the midpoint of the forewing and at the 2/3 of the wing at the fold are faint and brownish in E. aurocristata and dark in E. orestella (Kaila 1997). The aedeagus of male E. aurocristata is longer than the length of the tegument and uncus combined (Kaila 1997)." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-Habitat 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The group E. argentella live in a wide range of habitats including arctic tundra, alpine meadows, wetlands and grassland prairie (Kaila 1997). In Alberta, E. aurocristata adults have been encountered in southern boreal habitats." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-LifeCycle 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults of closely related species are active during dusk and dawn periods but can occasionally be nocturnal (Kaila 1997). In general the adults are not readily attracted to lights (Kaila 1997). 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6294-TrophicStrategy 6294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Though largely unknown, larval habits of the E. argentella group are reportedly Poaceae leafminers (Kaila 1997)." 2/27/08 9:50 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-ConservationStatus 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-Cyclicity 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults are found during mid-to late May, becoming scarce after early June in the northern Alberta." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-Distribution 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Canada the distribution range is from central and Southern Alaska,Yukon, across Canada from British Columbia and Mackenzie delta to Labrador." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-GeneralDescription 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Delia planipalpis may be distinguished from other Delia species that occurring in the field by the following combinations of characters: In males, the setae in the hind femur (anteroventral setae) do not form a basal brush as in Delia radicum, but are of similar length to the more distally situated setae and the basal half to two-thirds there is a row of short posteroventral setae.The lateral setae of the 5th sternite processes are longer than in Delia radicum and more numerous than in Delia floralis. The females are very similar to those of Delia radicum but can distinguished by the uninterrupted row of anteroventral setae." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-Habitat 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It occurs in agriculture land as well as localities remote from cultivation. It is a pest of cruciferae crops mainly in radish and Chinese cabbage. Reported weed hosts are Descurainia richardsonii (Sweet) Schultz (Brooks 1951) and Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. ( Kelleher 1958). As cited by Griffiths, during 1985 heavy root maggot infestation occurred in fields of rapeseed canola at Berwyn in the Peace River region." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-LifeCycle 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Appears to be one to two generations a year in the Prairie Provinces of Canada. In Manitoba as cited by Kelleher (1958) a second generation of adults which starts to oviposit in mid July or early August. The female lay their eggs close to the host plants. Hatching takes 1-3 weeks, and larvae feed on roots. After five to six weeks the larvae are fully developed and pupariate in the soil, where they overwinter in the case of one generation a year or continue the cycle to get the second generation" 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6301-TrophicStrategy 6301 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae of Delia planipalpis feed on roots of host plants. 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6115-Cyclicity 6115 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "emerges in fall, from late August through mid November (!)), and hibernates as an adult before re-appearing in spring, around the first of May in Alberta" 6/21/07 14:13 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6115-Distribution 6115 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Nupera occurs in Canada from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island. In Alberta it is widespread in the parklands, extending west to the edge of the mountains (Nordegg) and south well into the arid grasslands region. It appears to be absent from all but the southern fringe of the Boreal forest region." 6/21/07 14:13 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6115-Habitat 6115 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "southern fringe of the Boreal forest region; wide range of open vegetated habitats such as meadows and gardens, less commonly in open woodland" 6/21/07 14:13 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6115-LifeCycle 6115 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Like all Xylena and most Xylenini, nupera emerges in fall, from late August through mid November (!)), and hibernates as an adult before re-appearing in spring, around the first of May in Alberta. They occur in a wide range of open vegetated habitats such as meadows and gardens, less commonly in open woodland. Adults come to both light and sugar baits, but like Catocala moths are probably more common at bait. Larvae are generalists, feeding on a variety of forbs, herbs and gramminoids, also on the leaves of some trees or shrubs (i.e. willow, cherry). There is a single brood." 6/21/07 14:13 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6115-TrophicStrategy 6115 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are generalists, feeding on a variety of forbs, herbs and gramminoids, also on the leaves of some trees or shrubs (i.e. willow, cherry)." 6/21/07 14:13 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6074-Cyclicity 6074 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight is seen from late June - August 6/21/07 13:54 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6074-Distribution 6074 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Ontario east to south central BC, south to ? In addition to the locations plotted on the accompanying map, stabilis is reported to occur throughout MT (Cook, 1930)." 6/21/07 13:54 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6074-GeneralDescription 6074 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-small (2.7-3.0 cm. ws) somewhat shiny dark reddish brown moth with no significant wing markings. The curved PM line and the veins on the outer third of the FW are very faintly marked in darker scales in most specimens. Normal spots obsolete. The HW is similar but slightly paler and less reddish. The collar has grey tipped scales, resulting in a pale grey collar contrasting with the darker thoracic scaling. Antennae simple. Sexes similar. Similar in appearance to dark specimens of Lacinipolia meditata, but can be separated by the contrasting pale collar of stabilis." 6/21/07 13:54 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6074-Habitat 6074 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Open hardwood forests and edges 6/21/07 13:54 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6349-Distribution 6349 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Euxoa infausta is found from southern SK to Vancouver Island, and from the Northwest Territories south to northern UT and NV and southern CA." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6349-GeneralDescription 6349 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size, dark dull brown Euxoa. Infausta belongs to a group of 8 species in the infausta group; the good news is that only one other member of the group (E. satiens) is known from AB. The aridland form found in southern AB can be recognized by the even buff-brown or pale grey-brown FW. In forested habitats including the foothills, it is a darker brown with a mottled FW. The HW is almost as dark. See Lafontaine (197) for a key to the infausta group." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6349-Habitat 6349 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it has been collected in the mountains and foothills, as well as in the arid shortgrass prairie region." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5999-Cyclicity 5999 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from late March through late May; peak flight in mid April. 4/16/07 11:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5999-Distribution 5999 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Newfoundland to Vancouver Island; north to the Northwest Territories and south to Texas, New Mexico Arizona and California. Orthosia hibisci occurs throughout most or all of the wooded parts of Alberta, including the wooded valleys in the arid grasslands region." 4/16/07 11:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5999-GeneralDescription 5999 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (3.0-3.8 cm wingspan) noctuid moth. In color they range from pale buff-grey to dark red-brown, with dull grey-brown forms predominating. Forewing pattern is also highly variable, from almost non-patterned to strongly banded forms; most specimens have a prominent reniform with a dark-filled lower half. A diffuse dark band usually runs from the costa through the lower half of the reniform before angling inward to the lower margin. The subterminal line is usually visible as a narrow pale line. The hindwings are dull grey or grey brown with a dark discal mark and often have dark scaling along veins. The fringe is pale. \nVery similar to some specimens of Orthosia rivicta, which appears about two weeks later than hibisci, but with much of the flight period overlapping. In general revicta is a more attractive moth, frequently with areas of clear blue-grey or red-brown over a grey or buff pattern. The subterminal line is usually more contrasting and prominent than in hibisci, usually is marked with a series of blackish spots or an orange brown-line bordering the pale yellow one. The forewings of revicta are more squared in shape, rounded in hibisci. Doubtful specimens of the two species may be identified by the genitalia, which differ greatly in the two species. Color images of the larvae are available from a number of sites on the web." 4/16/07 11:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5999-Habitat 5999 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Woodlands, urban parks and gardens." 4/16/07 11:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
5999-LifeCycle 5999 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults of the single annual brood emerge in late March and April. There is a single brood each year. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The preferred host in the prairie provinces is apparently trembling aspen, but willows, cottonwoods and white birch are also favored hosts. Larvae have been collected from a wide variety of deciduous trees and shrubs, and to a lesser extent on coniferous trees (Prentice, 1962)." 4/16/07 11:45 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6167-Distribution 6167 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Holarctic. Great Britain and Scandinavia east to Japan. In North America from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island and AK, south in the east to about NJ and in the west to CO. Testata has been collected throughout most of Alberta, from the far north to wooded riparian areas in the southern grasslands, although most records come from mountains and parklands in the southern half of the province." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6167-GeneralDescription 6167 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size (approx. 3.0 –3.5 cm wingspan) rusty-orange moth with broad pointed (subfalcate) forewings. “Light ochre yellow, heavily shaded and dusted with rusty orange; the lines (sometimes only the upper half of pm. and dash to apex) defined with white scaling, and costal part of st. space partly frosted with white. Lines about as in propulsata, less deeply waved; hind wing with dark border and traces of a nearly complete pm. line parallel to it.” (Forbes, 1948). Testata has a somewhat glossy appearance that, along with the white scaling on the apical dash and outside the upper pm. line, will separate it from E. propulsata." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6167-Habitat 6167 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It frequents mesic deciduous wooded habitats. 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6167-LifeCycle 6167 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, with adults mid July through mid September, peaking in mid August. Reported larval hosts include poplar, birch, alder, willow, Ribes sp., and Vaccinium. FIDS host plant records for Alberta are predominantly willow (22), and to a lesser extent aspen poplar (7) and alder (1) (Prentice, 1963)." 2/13/08 14:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6170-Distribution 6170 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Extreme southwestern Alberta west to Vancouver Island, north to Alaska and south to California." 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6170-GeneralDescription 6170 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small (1.7-2.5 cm wingspan) broad-winged flimsy moth. Females larger than males. Ground white, crossed by many fine wavy parallel dark brown and reddish-brown lines. Wide subterminal band composed of closely aligned lines, divided laterally midway by a pale patch. A prominent red-brown discal bar on forewing. Hindwings paler, with less banding. The pale color, pattern and in particular the prominent red-brown discal bar will separate graefi from other western Alberta Eupithecia. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated in Bolte (1990)." 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6170-Habitat 6170 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in and adjacent to wooded areas. 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6170-LifeCycle 6170 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are crepuscular or nocturnal and come to light. Probably single brooded in Alberta, double brooded further west. Reported hosts include Arbutus and Gaylussacia; occasionally Thuja and Pseudotsuga - the later two possibly in error (Prentice, 1963; McGuffin, 1958). Alberta adults have been collected in early July." 2/13/08 14:38 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-ConservationStatus 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-Cyclicity 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are found during early-to late June in the northern Alberta. 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-Distribution 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is native to Western North America. The known range extends from subarctic localities ( Firth river, Yukon Territory; Reindeer Depot, North western Territories) to Colorado and California (Huckett 1965)." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-GeneralDescription 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Delia floralis may be distinguished from other Delia species occurring in the field by the following combinations of characters: In males, in the hind femur, the long setae (anteroventral setae) commences close to the base and there are no posteroventral setae except at the base and the tip. The 5th sternite processes have 3-4 outstandingly long pairs of outer lateral setae. In females, the hind femora have an uninterrupted row of anteroventral setae but lack posteroventral setae on basal half." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-Habitat 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It occurs mainly in agriculture land infesting Cruciferae crops. The main cultivated hosts in the Canadian Prairie Provinces are turnip, rutabaga, cauliflower, cabbage and rapeseed canola varieties. Strickland (1938) reported that in 1929 this species destroyed a large areas of stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in the Peace River Region of northern Alberta." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-LifeCycle 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Appears to be one generation a year in the Prairie provinces of Canada. Females lay their eggs close to the host plants normally in large batches. Hatching takes 1-3 weeks, and larvae feed on roots. After five to six weeks the larvae are fully developed and pupariate in the soil, where they overwinter." 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6302-TrophicStrategy 6302 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae of Delia floralis feed on roots of host plants. 2/27/08 10:04 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-ConservationStatus 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-Cyclicity 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are found early in the spring. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-Distribution 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Cosmopolitan (occurring in all biogeographic regions except Antarctica) as cited by Griffiths (1997). 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-GeneralDescription 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Delia platura may be distinguished from other Delia species occurring in the field by the following combinations of characters: In males, in the hind femur, only around 3-5 posteroventral setae are present. In females, common arrangement of mid-tibial setae, though may be any combination of 1-2anterodorsal, (1- ) 2posterodorsal and 2(-3) posteroventral setae." 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-Habitat 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Occurs in all the vegetable-growing areas. In cool wet seasons damage may be widespread. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-LifeCycle 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Appears to be two to three generation a year in the Prairie Provinces of Canada. Eggs are laid in the soil near germinating seeds or where there is an abundance of decaying vegetative matter. They hatch at temperatures as low as 10˚C. The larvae is extremely polyphagous attacking a wide range of host plants that include bean,corn,melon,maize,etc. After about one to two weeks, the larvae are fully developed and pupariate in the soil. Metamorphosis in the puparium lasts 1-2 weeks .Upon completion of two to three generations it over winters in puparium." 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6303-TrophicStrategy 6303 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae is extremely polyphagous attacking a wide range of host plants especially previously damaged roots as well as on sprouting seedlings. 2/27/08 10:04 3/6/14 21:52 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-ConservationStatus 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-Cyclicity 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity In Alberta this species has been collected from late May to early September. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-Distribution 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Transamerican; in Alberta specimens have been collected as far north as Calling Lake. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-GeneralDescription 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 8.0-9.5mm in length which helps to distinguish them from C. sericeus sericeus. Entire dorsal surface usually bright metallic green but sometimes with a bluish hue, elytra subopaque; appendages rufo-testaceous, antennae infuscated frm the fourth segment. With the exception of the center of the frons, the head is coarsely punctate and pubescent. Antennal segment widening apicad, almost conical in appearance, especially near base. Microsculpture absent on head which also. aids to distinguish them from individuals of C. sericeus sericeus. Microsculpture of the prothorax is irregularly isodiametric and elytra are strongly granulate. Penis is short with a blunt apex. Adapted from Lindroth 1963." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-Habitat 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Usually close to the borders of rivers, small pools and slough-like areas with rich surrounding vegetation. Commonly associated with C. sericeus sericeus (Forester) but also found on soft mud (Lindroth 1963)." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-LifeCycle 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bell (1960) dissected a female specimen collected in mid-June from Ithaca, New York. This specimen was found to have mature eggs inside it indicating that adults probably lay eggs in late June. Adults likely over-winter." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6305-TrophicStrategy 6305 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Presumably omnivorous. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:56 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6350-Distribution 6350 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Dry habitats from southern SK to southern BC, south to NM, southern UT and NV. In Alberta it has recently been collected at Writing-on-Stone P. Pk. Bowman reported this species from Edmonton, but it's occurrence this far north needs confirming." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6350-GeneralDescription 6350 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium size (FW length 14-17 mm.) brownish Euxoa. It can be mistaken for either E. misturata or teleboa. The FW is a yellow-buff, yellow-grey or grey-orange, with markings indistinct. The HW is white. Mitis can be separated from teleboa by the lack of a prominent median line. They can be separated from misturata by the more even FW color, the paler and more obscure spots and the more prominent biserrate antennae. Male genitalia of mitis have a thin saccular extension less than ½ the length of the harpe and thinner; the harpe is somewhat s-shaped and bending dorsally apically. The female genitalia the dorsal edges of the ovipositor lobes spread apart posteriorly and form a v-shaped gap that extends to the middle of the dorsal margin. See Lafontaine 1987 for illustrations and more details." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6351-ConservationStatus 6351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread but uncommon. 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6351-Cyclicity 6351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity late June though early August 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6351-Distribution 6351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From Central AB across southern BC, south to central AZ and NM, east to the Black Hills of SD." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6351-GeneralDescription 6351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size to large Euxoa (FW length 1.4-1.8 cm.) with FW yellow-brown or buff-brown with a rather prominent narrow black median band. The other lines are all present, with the AM and PM lines doubled and filled with paler scales. HW darker brown with a pale fringe. Female genitalia bisaccate and the ovipositor lobes without flanges and covered with small conical setae apically; male with short saccular extensions curving away from the cucullus. The median band on the FW and the dark HW will usually identify this species." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6351-Habitat 6351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry woodlands including coniferous forest, poplar groves and wooded areas in valleys on the plains." 3/20/08 15:04 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-ConservationStatus 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status An abundant moth. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-Cyclicity 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from mid July through late September. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-Distribution 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The complex occurs from eastern Alaska to the Maritimes, south long both coasts and into northern Mexico. It is most abundant in the open grasslands of the Great Plains and Great Basin." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-GeneralDescription 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Feltia jaculifera is a complex of probably six or more sibling species, at least two of which occur in Alberta. Recent work (Byers et al,1990) has shown that two morphologically indistinguishable pheromonal phenotypes occur throughout the prairie provinces. They concluded that the pheromone system of this complex is rather plastic, resulting in a mosaic of pheromone types (sibling species) that appear to be reproductively isolated but have not differentiated morphologically. These cannot by separated to species using normal means. In spite of extensive studies ""jaculifera"" is still best treated as a single ""species"". Feltia jaculifera is a medium-size moth (3.5-4.0 cm wingspan) with dark forewings broken up by a pattern of pale longitudinal streaks and spots. There is a long thick black basal dash, which includes the claviform spot and is crossed by two narrow lines in the basal half. A pale median streak curves down at the anal and angle to meet the one running along the lower margin of the wing. The costa is also pale, and linked to the top of the pale reniform mad orbicular spots. The subterminal line is a series of pale streaks following the veins. The hindwings vary from white with light fuscous shading along the margin to mostly fuscous, but are usually dirty white with a broad diffuse darker margin. In Alberta most likely to be confused only with Feltia herilis (Grt.), which is darker and has a less complex and contrasting pattern." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-Habitat 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open habitats, in particular native grasslands; also riparian edges, meadows, and other open areas." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-LifeCycle 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are mainly nocturnal and come to light, but in arid grasslands areas can be found nectaring and resting on composite flowers during the afternoon and evening as well. There is a single annual brood. Females will apparently only oviposit in flower heads, in particular those of the Asteraceae. Young larvae may have specific feeding requirements, but later instars are apparently rather general feeders on a variety of herbs and forbs. They overwinter as partially grown (third and fourth instar) larvae. The larvae and life history are described in detail in Lafontaine, 2004." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6352-TrophicStrategy 6352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy A wide variety of herbs including garden and field crops. See Lafontaine 2004 for references and problems with the published host information. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6180-Distribution 6180 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A widespread distribution, from the Canadian maritime provinces west to BC, south throughout much of the USA. In Alberta it is found throughout the Parklands and lower areas of the mountains, but appears to be absent in the arid Grasslands and Boreal forest areas." 2/13/08 14:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6180-GeneralDescription 6180 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.5-4.5 cm wingspan) moth with yellow-tan forewings and white hindwings. The forewings have a long thin black basal streak extending to a mall black discal dot, and bordered on the upper side by a white line. The veins are all lined with white and the spaces between are filled with narrow parallel yellow brown and darker brown lines. Darker scaling also forms a streak from the discal dot to just below the apex, and another, broken streak just above and parallel to the lower margin. The normal lines are reduced to two or three black dots indicating the postmedian line. The hindwings are pearly white shading to a narrow dark margin, with whitish fringe. Antennae simple and sexes similar. The collar is crossed by three gray lines. The combination of dark streaks on the forewing and white hindwings will identify multilinea." 2/13/08 14:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6180-Habitat 6180 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It frequents mesic grasslands and meadows, hayfields, roadsides and other open grassy habitats." 2/13/08 14:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6180-LifeCycle 6180 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood, with adults from early June to early August, peaking in mid July." 2/13/08 14:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6180-TrophicStrategy 6180 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on meadow gasses, including Brome, Orchard and Quack grass (Covell, 1984)." 2/13/08 14:46 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-Cyclicity 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in July. 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-Distribution 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread in western North America, east at least across the Prairie Provinces, and south to California and Arizona. In Alberta it has been collected mainly in the foothills and parklands, but likely occurs throughout the wooded parts of the province, wherever hardwoods are present. It has been recorded in adjacent Saskatchewan in both the arid Grasslands National Park area and at Uranium City." 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-GeneralDescription 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large clearwing borer moth (wingspan about 3 cm). The body is bright yellow banded with black. The wings are unscaled and translucent except for the fringes and veins, which are lined with brown scales. The male antennae are finely bipectinate. Sexes similar. A near perfect mimic of yellow-jacket wasps. Unmistakable." 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-Habitat 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It is found associated with mature poplars and willows. 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-LifeCycle 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae are borers in the stems and roots of the hosts. The life-cycle requires two years to complete, with the moth overwintering twice in the larval stage. They pupate in the spring of the third year, and emerge shortly thereafter. The adults are diurnal, but are rarely seen." 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6200-TrophicStrategy 6200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larval host is species of poplar, and to a lesser extent willows. They appear to prefer stressed of damaged host trees." 2/13/08 14:57 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-ConservationStatus 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Apparently uncommon and local and at the western edge of their range in central Alberta. 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-Cyclicity 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta in early July. 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-Distribution 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Primarily an eastern species, occuring from Nova Scotia and Maine west to eastern Nebraska and south central Alberta, where they have been collected in the Red Deer River valley east of Trochu." 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-Habitat 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Wet meadows, wetland edges and swampy areas with willow." 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-LifeCycle 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults are diurnal. Larvae bore in branches, canes and exposed roots of low growing willow. There is a single brood each year." 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6201-TrophicStrategy 6201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Low growing willows (Salix species). 2/13/08 14:58 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-Cyclicity 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity There is a single annual brood with adults collected in Alberta in late June and late July. Nothing is known of the early stages. 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-Distribution 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western species, ranging east to extreme western Alberta, where it is known only from the Lake Louise area in Banff National Park and the Crowsnest Pass. It frequents open wooded areas." 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-GeneralDescription 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Another medium-size (approx. 2.8 cm wingspan) mottled grey Xanthorhoe species with a darker grey forewing median band, widest and darkest on the upper half. It is similar to incursata, ramaria, fossaria, and delectaria species, and cannot be reliably separated from incursata and delectaria without examining the genitalia." 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-Habitat 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat It frequents open wooded areas. 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-LifeCycle 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single annual brood with adults collected in Alberta in late June and late July. Nothing is known of the early stages or larval host. 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6214-TrophicStrategy 6214 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Nothing is known about the larval host. 2/13/08 15:07 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-ConservationStatus 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Relatively common. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-Cyclicity 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity U.S. material (mostly from Texas) shows adults being collected from June to August. One Alberta specimen was collected in July. 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-Distribution 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Great Plains and Great Basin Regions, from the Mexican Border to southern Alberta." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-GeneralDescription 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults: 9.7-12.1mm in length. Known to have four color phases throughout its range: A green phase, with metallic green head, pronotom, and elytra; a blue phase, with dorsal surface blue; a weakly bicolored phase, with head and pronotum metallic green and elytra blue-green and a strongly bicolored phase which has a metallic green head and pronotum and elytra that are dark blue, violet, or blue-black. Alberta specimens are mostly green phase but occasionally of the weakly bicolored variety. Elytral epipleurae are entirely black and the ventral surface of this species is also entirely black. Appendages are entirely brown-orange and antennal segments 1-3 are slightly lighter than segments 4-11. Labrum truncate to slightly emarginate; pronotom transverse, widest at middle; lateral margin not sinuate. Elytral disc slightly convex; striae moderately fine, with fine, close punctation; intervals are flat and densely punctate. Micro sculpture is granular and fairly prominent. Adapted from Bell 1960." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-Habitat 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Have been collected in the Cypress Hills, Sask., from a Carex marsh with a firm bottom." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-LifeCycle 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults likely over-winter 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6306-TrophicStrategy 6306 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Predatory, omnivorous." 2/27/08 11:04 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-ConservationStatus 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Widespread and fairly common. 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-Cyclicity 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June through early September. 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-Distribution 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Eurasia and temperate North America. In NA, from Lab and NJ west across southern Canada to the Pacific." 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-GeneralDescription 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A rather large moth (5.5 - 6.5 cm. ws) with grey and black FW. The normal noctuid pattern is well marked, the lines doubled. The AM and PM lines are bordered in white, and the claviform and orbicular clearly marked with pale scales. Reniform large, but not contrasting strongly with the ground. Median and terminal areas darker. HW sooty gray-black, fringe white and contrasting sharply. Antennae simple. Sexes similar. Can be separated from Eurois nigra by the black HW with white fringe, and from Eurois astricta by the grey and black instead of brown FW." 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-Habitat 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Woodlands and edges. 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6387-TrophicStrategy 6387 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "A variety of trees, shrubs and herbs. In North America Tamarack, Trembling aspen, alder and willow have been reported, with Tamarack listed as the major host (Prentice et al, 1962)! European records include alder, willow, Ribes, Rose, Lathyrus, Chamaenerion, Vaccinium myrtillus, V. uliginosum, and Thymus." 4/3/08 8:49 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6388-Distribution 6388 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Maritimes south to Virginia, west to BC and California. It occurs throughout most of Alberta, with the exception of the mountains and most of the foothills." 4/3/08 11:09 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6388-GeneralDescription 6388 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.5-4.0 cm wingspan) dark red-brown moth. There are two forms. The ""normal"" form has dark red-brown forewings, with a broad contrasting lighter yellow-brown subterminal band. The normal lines and spots are poorly defined, except for the orbicular which is outlined in lighter brown and the prominent narrow boomerang-shaped reniform, which in outlined and partly filled with bright white. The white scales frequently run along the veins, connecting the lower end with the pale subterminal band. Form atra has almost completely dark brown, almost black, forewings, unmarked except for the white or pale yellow reniform. The normal pattern is visible only with close scrutiny. The hindwings in both forms are lighter sooty brown. Antennae are simple and the sexes are similar. Specimens of form atra are very easy to mistake for darker specimens of Apamea cogitata. Apamea cogitata shows no trace of the short black basal streak, faint claviform spot and antemedian and postmedian lines that can barely be made out in atra." 4/3/08 11:09 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6388-Habitat 6388 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Mesic meadows and woodlands; wooded riparian areas. 4/3/08 11:09 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6388-LifeCycle 6388 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults are nocturnal and come to light. There is a single brood annually, with adults flying in late summer and early fall. The larvae are borers in the stems of monocots, in particular sedges (Carex sp.). Reported to sometimes damage young corn in Ohio. They overwinter in the egg stage." 4/3/08 11:09 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-ConservationStatus 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status A fairly common widespread species; no concerns. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-Cyclicity 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from early July through early August. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-Distribution 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern Yukon west to Newfoundland, in the west south in the mountains to northern New Mexico. In Alberta it occurs throughout the boreal forest and mountains; it also occurs in wooded and shrubby areas of the badlands along the full length of the Red Deer River." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-GeneralDescription 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size rather broad-winged (3.5- 3.7 cm wingspan) grey or brown-grey moth with fuscous hindwings. Females tend to be darker than males. The antemedian, postmedian and subterminal lines and the large orbicular and reniform spots are light grey and stand out against the darker grey ground. The area between the upper antemedian line and the orbicular spot and the area between the orbicular and reniform spots is sharply contrasting black. Overall the scaling is smooth and even and results in n attractive if not colorful moth." 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-Habitat 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Dry boreal and montane woodland; shrubby and wooded badlands. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6353-LifeCycle 6353 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. Adults are nocturnal and come to light. The early stages are unknown. 3/20/08 15:05 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6354-Distribution 6354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Northeastern USA, south to Maryland and Ohio, north to Newfoundland and west across the boreal forest to coastal BC, but replaced in the lower mainland and Vancouver Island by F. deceptiva. Open dots on the map are literature records only (Prentice, 1962)." 3/20/08 15:06 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6354-GeneralDescription 6354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (approx. 3.0 – 3.2 cm. wingspan) olive green moth with black and white lines and spots. The antemedian and postmedian lines are very erratic, black lined with white scales. The orbicular and reniform spots are prominent, white with green filling and partially ringed with black. The fringes are checkered green, black and white. The hindwings are light black, with some pale scaling along the upper edge and a pale fringe. Sexes are similar, but males have narrowly bipectinate antenna, females simple. Feralia jocosa can usually be separated from other Alberta Feralia by the combination of small size, dark hindwings, and the lack of blocks or large patches of black scales on the forewings. Occasional specimens have some or all the olive green replaced with yellow-brown. Adults and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Poole (1995)." 3/20/08 15:06 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6354-Habitat 6354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "In Alberta it occurs in coniferous and mixedwood forest throughout the boreal forest, foothills and mountains." 3/20/08 15:06 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
6354-LifeCycle 6354 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Feralia jocosa is single-brooded, with adults in spring (late April through mid June). They lay eggs which hatch about the time the conifer buds are emerging, and most of their development occurs from the time the bud scales drop to the time the new needles have hardened, a period of 6 weeks or less. The adults develop in the pupa prior to winter, prepared to emerge early in the spring. The larvae are described and illustrated in color by Duncan (2006)." 3/20/08 15:06 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-ConservationStatus 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-Cyclicity 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Univoltine in Late June to late July in Alberta, as early as late May and bivoltine in more southern areas. (Chapman & Lienk 1971)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-Distribution 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south to Arizona, Texas, and Louisiana." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-GeneralDescription 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing varies from light to dark brown with prominent dark brown markings. The basal, median and upper postmedian lines are distinct and sharply defined with pale edging. The hindwing is white, often with the lower half grey.\nThe larva is green with a green or brown thoracic shield and head. Distinct spots may be present on the lateral parts of the thoracic shield." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-Habitat 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous forests and shrubby areas. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-LifeCycle 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Eggs are laid in flattened bunches on foliage and can be difficult to locate due to their green colouration. It overwinters as a mature larva in a small hibernaculum. It resumes feeding in the springtime at budburst and pupates in the foliage. (Chapman 1973; Chapman & Lienk 1971) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30384-TrophicStrategy 30384 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva feeds on a variety of deciduous trees and shrubs. (Chapman & Lienk 1971) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:04 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-ConservationStatus 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-Cyclicity 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Can be found at any time of the year. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-Distribution 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Worldwide. Reported from Area 10 (Edmonton) in Alberta by Bowman (1951). This moth has undoubtedly been found in many homes in Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-GeneralDescription 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small Pyralid with beak-like, porrect palpi and elongated wings having a span of around 15 mm. The basal half of the forewings are light grayish-tan, greenish when fresh, and an outer half that is dull reddish-brown and contains faint, irregular lead-colored lines. The hindwings are grayish-white. The pale-based forewings and habitat make this species easy to identify. Pyralis farinalis, the Meal Moth, also a household pest, lacks the pale-based forewings." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-Habitat 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Areas where stored food or grain are located. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-LifeCycle 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larvae are wax-like, pale yellow with russet head and shields (Forbes 1923), amongst a silken web which becomes contaminated with frass; pupae in a silken cocoon (Goater 1986). Once an infestation is discovered, the effected food source should be discarded and the area cleaned up. Freezing food products suspected of containing larvae is a good idea." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26447-TrophicStrategy 26447 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "A major pest of stored grains and grain products such as flour or cornmeal (Covell 1984, Goater 1986)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-ConservationStatus 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Rare in Alberta, known from only two collections." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-Cyclicity 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May and July. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-Distribution 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Described from Arizona by Hulst (1886) as Schoenobius opalescalis. Also known from California (Fernald 1896) and Illinois. Reported from Area 1 (extreme Southeast) in Alberta by Bowman (1951). Recently collected from the Pakowki Lake dunes from a site that had both stabilized vegetated sand and active dune blowouts, by G.G. Anweiler on May 19, 2005." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-GeneralDescription 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "An unusual Crambid with long, narrow fore wings and a wingspan of around 30 mm. The fore wings are ashy-gray (cinereous) with numerous white scales between the veins, have a small elongate stigma in the outer third and a rounded apex; while the hind wings are opalescent and triangular. AM, PM and ST lines are lacking in the forewings above. The palpi are porrect and about three times the length of the head. The fringe is well developed and of the same color as the wings. The head and thorax are cinereous while the abdomen is fuscous. Unlike any other Alberta Crambid. This species is regarded as belonging to the tribe Ancylolomiini, subfamily Crambinae of the family Crambidae." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-Habitat 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry, sandy areas." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-LifeCycle 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27668-TrophicStrategy 27668 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-ConservationStatus 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Common and of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-Cyclicity 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "April to October, the early individuals being worn and these appear to have come up from the south." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-Distribution 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Munroe (1973) divided the genus Nomophila into 12 distinct species of which one, Nomophila nearctica, was limited to North America (Goater 1986). Common to abundant in eastern North America, sometimes migrating to the far north (Covell 1984), also widespread in western North America. Reported from Areas 7 (Lloydminster), 10 (Edmonton) and 20 (Nordegg) in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Nomophila noctuella Dyar." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-GeneralDescription 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large Pyralid with narrow, dark brown forewings and light brown hindwings. The orbicular, reniform and claviform areas are dark while the subterminal space is strigose. The wingspan ranges from 24-35 mm. The size, short labial palps, dark brown forewings with dark areas, and strigose subterminal area make this species easy to identify." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-Habitat 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Widespread. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-LifeCycle 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Adults are diurnal and come to light at night. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24222-TrophicStrategy 24222 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed on a wide variety of plants, including grasses, Polygonum and sweet clover (Covell 1984)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24341-Cyclicity 24341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The single specimen was collected on August 17. (Obraztsov 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24341-Distribution 24341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Only known from the single holotype specimen from Mt. Piran, Alberta. (Obraztsov 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24341-GeneralDescription 24341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is light grey with obscure darker grey bands in the basal and median areas and a partial one that is triangular from the subterminal area of the costa to the middle of the outer margin. The hindwing is pale grey with a fine white line at the base of the fringe. (Obraztsov 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24341-Habitat 24341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Probably subalpine or alpine. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24064-ConservationStatus 24064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Never common and perhaps restricted to areas of natural prairie. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24064-Cyclicity 24064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid June to early July. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24064-Distribution 24064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A western North American species known from Manitoba west to British Columbia and south to Colorado and California (Heinrich 1956). Reported from Areas 7, 10, 18 and 20 in Alberta by Bowman (1951) as Dioryctria actualis Hlst. Reported from Calgary by Neunzig (2003). There are specimens in UASM from Hillcrest and Edmonton. Additional collections have been at Buffalo Lake, Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park, East Arrowwood Coulee and Nevis." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24064-GeneralDescription 24064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A large, dark brown Pyralid with a wingspan of 24-28 mm. The forewings have a blotchy AM line and a sinuous PM line; the basal and median areas are ashy fuscous, while the subterminal area is strigose fuscous; and there are two black discal dots. The hindwings are a uniform reddish brown. The fringe is light reddish brown. The genitalia are illustrated in Heinrich (1956). One is reminded of a large Pyla." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24064-Habitat 24064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Apparently restricted to areas of native grassland. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19463-ConservationStatus 19463 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Known from very few specimens. 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19463-Distribution 19463 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alberta and the Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, also in Washington." 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19463-GeneralDescription 19463 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is dull yellow to grey with fine brown reticulations. Darker brown shading forms a faint median band and apical patch most visible near the costa. The hindwing is white and slightly more greyish on the anal half of the wing. It is similar to A. alleniana and can be separated by characters of the male genitalia (Obraztsov 1959). 1/14/09 10:18 4/21/11 8:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-ConservationStatus 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Probably of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-Cyclicity 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June to September. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-Distribution 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Ontario to Alberta south to Utah and Florida (Freeman 1958). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-GeneralDescription 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is straw yellow with fine brown reticulation throughout. An irregular brown median band and apical patch are both edged in darker brown. The male has a distinct costal fold on the forewing. The hindwing is pure white. The eastern A. furcatana (Walker 1863) is paler but only reliably separated by looking at genitalic differences. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-Habitat 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Rich river valleys and towns with Manitoba Maple. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24308-TrophicStrategy 24308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Manitoba Maple (Acer negundo) (Freeman 1958) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23924-Cyclicity 23924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June. (Powell 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23924-Distribution 23924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Known from Alaska, Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Quebec." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23924-GeneralDescription 23924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is grey with fine dark grey lines throughout. A dark grey median band is distinctive, but is obliterated near the middle of the wing and an equally dark grey marking is present on the costa in the post median area. The hindwing is light grey with slightly darker grey towards the apex." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23924-Habitat 23924 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Not clear, many specimens are from high elevations. (Powell 1962)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-ConservationStatus 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Never common, but probably of no concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-Cyclicity 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity July to August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-Distribution 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Pediasia aridella was described from Europe. Only the subspecies edmontella occurs in North America and it is known so far only from Alberta. In Alberta, Bowman (1951) has it from the Lethbridge, Calgary, Red Deer, Edmonton and Nordegg areas." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-GeneralDescription 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A larger crambid (25-30 mm wingspan). Forewings light tan with a somewhat striate appearance. Hindwings whitish. The male genitalia have a reduced accessory spine at the base of the harpe that shows up as a mere bump, while in ericella the accessory spine is reduced but longer. G. Balogh kindly provided an unpublished drawing of the male genitalia of P. aridella edmontella that was prepared for A. Klots by M. Friedman. Females are like those of ericella and have similar genitalia but tend to be larger. Alberta material labeled Pediasia laciniella has been found to be either ericella or aridella edmontella. Pediasia laciniella, which has an accessory spine similar to that of ericella, is an eastern species. Similar to P. trisecta but lacking dark areas in the forewings above, also lacking white dashes between the veins in the margin of the fore wings. Described as Crambus edmontellus by J. McDunnough (1923)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-Habitat 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Aspen parkland, prairie and mountain areas." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-LifeCycle 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21108-TrophicStrategy 21108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae presumably feed on grasses. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-ConservationStatus 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Uncommon, but not of concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-Cyclicity 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Early July to mid August in Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-Distribution 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Anywhere spruce grows in Alberta, transcontinental across boreal Canada and south through the mountains to Utah." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-GeneralDescription 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is light grey to pinkish grey with traces of thin dark lines. There are distinctive bands that are brown to grey and are edged by black lines. The hindwing is yellowish with fine darker grey reticulations.\nThe larva is greyish green to cream coloured with a black head and thoracic shield (Duncan 2006). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-Habitat 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Coniferous forest. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-LifeCycle 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Archips alberta is a solitary defoliator that can cause some cone crop damage. The larva overwinters in the first instar and in the spring resumes mining needles and webs adjacent needles together. Later instars feed on foliage and cones, often with considerable webbing where it often later pupates in June. Adults frequent lights and eggs are typically laid in the dense crowns of Black Spruce. (Duncan 2006)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19942-TrophicStrategy 19942 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva mainly feeds on Black Spruce (Picea mariana), but also White Spruce (Picea glauca) and Engelmann Spruce (Picea engelmannii) foliage and cones (Freeman 1958; MacKay 1962; Razowski 1977; Duncan 2006)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-ConservationStatus 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is of occasional concern to ranchers and farmers. It has been a dominant species in outbreaks that consist of species assemblages (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-Cyclicity 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch from egg pods in the soil during the first two weeks of May. Adults (wings extend the length of the abdomen) can be found from July to October (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-Distribution 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution This species ranges across North America from the western edge of the Great Plains to mid-way through the Great Lakes in the East. They are found as far north as central Alberta and as far south as the southern States (based on range map in Pfadt 2002) which agree with the Strickland Museum's records. 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-GeneralDescription 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplusangustipennis is a medium-sized spurthroated grasshopper with variable colouration. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). It can range from dull gray to bright yellow or tan and may have red or blue hind tibia. The wings of this species extend the length of the abdomen or up to 4 mm beyond. The males of this species can be identified by the shape of their spatulate cerci and the abrupt narrowing of their supraanal plate (the cup-shaped plate at the end of the male abdomen). Females can be identified by using size, markers and colouring to associate them with the males (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-Habitat 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The narrowwinged sand grasshopper can be found in prairies with sandy soil, vegetated sand dunes, blowouts, and the banks of streams and lakes. It is abundant in disturbed areas like roadsides, crop edges, and weedy fields (Pfadt 2002). It has been collected in central and southern Alberta." 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-LifeCycle 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Both male and female nymphs mature through 5 instars before moulting into the adult morph. This usually takes 36-42 days. Male adults fledge about one week before the females and the female adults reach sexual maturity about two weeks after fledging. In this species, the males and females are about the same size, and mating pairs can be seen near the end of July. After mating, females will deposit 2-3 egg pods in sandy soil near vegetation. The pods are curved tubes about 1.5 cm long containing 12-18 eggs. Nymphs hatch the following spring." 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38032-TrophicStrategy 38032 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Nymphs and adults of this species enjoy a wide range of prairie forbs, grasses, shrubs, moss, fungi, and even dead insects. The majority of their diet, about 62%, consists of rangeland forbs including western ragweed, prairie sunflower, western sticktight, and cud-weed sagewort. When forbs are unavailable, the grasshoppers will eat prairie grasses, about 21% of their diet, including blue grama, needleandthread, sand dropseed, and western wheatgrass (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:48 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-ConservationStatus 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The twostriped grasshopper is a serious agricultural pest to grain crops, alfalfa, and corn. During outbreaks it will completely defoliate crops and even in urban areas it will devour flowers and vegetables (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-Cyclicity 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Melanoplusbivittatus nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch from egg pods in the soil early in the summer and are one of the first species to appear. They continue to hatch for four to six weeks following rain and warm temperatures and so may be found in an area up to 75 days. Adults (wings extend the length of the abdomen) can be found 40 days after the nymphs have emerged (Pfadt 2002). In Alberta they have been found from May to September (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-Distribution 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is wide spreadfrom coast to coast across North America, as far north as northern British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, the majority of Ontario, the southern part of Quebec, and most of the maritime provinces. Its range extends south throughout the entire United States except for the few states bordering the Gulf of Mexico (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). They have been collected in mid and southern Alberta (Strickland Museum records)." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-GeneralDescription 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The twostriped grasshopper is one of the two largest in the genus Melanoplus grasshoppers, the other being Melanoplus differentialis which is found in the same habitat in the United States. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). Adult males of this species are easily identified by their mitten-shaped cerci. Both males and females have a pair of distinctive yellow stripes that run down their body, head to mid-wing, where they meet to form a triangle (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-Habitat 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The twostriped grasshopperinhabits areas with lush vegetation across North America. It is abundant in tallgrass prairies, wet meadows, roadsides, and crop edges (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-LifeCycle 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Nymphs mature through 5 instars before emerging as an adult in the first part of summer. Most populations have a one-year life cycle, but some mountainous populations are known to have a two-year life cycle. Females deposit their eggs in crowns of grass or roots of weeds, often along south-facing roadsides, one or two weeks after mating. The egg pods are curved tubes up to 4 cm long and may contain 50 to 108 olive-coloured eggs. The eggs complete the majority of their development that summer before going into diapause for the winter, allowing them to hatch early the following spring." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38033-TrophicStrategy 38033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species feeds on a broad variety of plants, both forbs and grasses. These include mustards, alfalfa clover, greenflower, dandelion, chicory, prickly lettuce, ragweed, prairie sunflower, perennial sowthistle, and kochia (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:52 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-ConservationStatus 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Conservation is not a concern for Laphria gilva. 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-Cyclicity 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults are found late July to late August and possibly earlier and later in the southern portion of the range (Schmid 1969). 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-Distribution 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Laphria gilva is found holarctically; in the nearctic from the Yukon and Alaska to Quebec and Nova Scotia, and southerly from California, Colorado, and Arizona to Michigan, New York, and Massachusetts; in Eurasia from Great Britain to Siberia (Adisoemarto 1967; Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-GeneralDescription 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Medium to large, 15-20 mm in length. Robust flies with a general black appearance as compared to other Laphria spp. Body is mostly black, with the posterior, dorsal end of the abdomen being orange, finely pubescent (covered by hairs), and slender. Legs are black and raptorial. Laphria gilva can be distinguished by abdominal segments three, four, and five being covered dorsally with orange pubescence, and segment six being black (L. gilva can be confused with L. aimatis (McAtee), but is easily distinguished by this black sixth abdominal segment). Thoracic and leg pubescence is sparse and rather inconspicuous, and the setae of the mask and mystax (setae surrounding the pronounced hypopharynx) are uniformly black, and of medium length compared to other Laphria spp. Superior forceps of the male genitalia are each provided with two lamellar appendages (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-Habitat 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open glades within boreal forests. Most often found near coniferous stands and adjacent prairies and open grasslands. Laphria gilva is the only holarctic species in Laphriinae, and is found at elevations as high as the treeline (Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-LifeCycle 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Species of the genus Laphria do not exhibit courtship behaviors. Laphria gilva males establish mating areas around tree trunks and chase and grapple with females and other males that enter this area. Other males are apparently released without harm. Females, upon being charged, are knocked to the ground and mounted. The coupled pair then flies to a perch location where mating continues tail-to-tail. \nFemale Laphria gilva oviposit in the crevices of bark or downed wood. Larval stages live in soil and rotting wood, and their biology is poorly understood, though they are currently thought to be predacious on eggs and larvae of other insects (Hull 1962; Schmid 1969; Wood 1981)." 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33846-TrophicStrategy 33846 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:31 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-ConservationStatus 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Conservation of Laphria index is not of concern. 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-Cyclicity 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults are found June through mid August, and possibly earlier in the southern portion of the range." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-Distribution 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Very widespread; Laphria index is found transcontinentally in Canada, extending south to Virginia (Adisoemarto 1967; Cannings 1994)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-GeneralDescription 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Medium sized, 15 mm in length. Laphria index is a generally slender fly compared to other Laphria spp. Thorax and abdomen are covered in fine orange hair (pubescence), and legs are brown to red. Coloration of the abdominal and thoracic piles (clumps of hairs) are similar to L. janus (though less dramatic), with the thoracic pubescence being much more delicate. Legs are covered in fine pubescence, and are long and raptorial, ending in prominent tarsal claws used for subduing prey items and mates. Mystax (dense setae surrounding the hypopharynx) and the surrounding mane are white and rather sparse, and scutellar bristles are yellowish. Metapleural hairs are lightly colored or white. Laphria index can be confused with L. aeatus (Walker), but can be most easily distinguished by the yellow scutellar bristles (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-Habitat 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open glades within boreal forests. Most often found near coniferous stands. Occasionally found in open grasslands (Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-LifeCycle 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33847-TrophicStrategy 33847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-ConservationStatus 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The conservation of Laphria vultur is not a concern. 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-Cyclicity 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been found from late May to late July. 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-Distribution 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Laphria vultur is found from southern British Columbia to California, and east to Mississippi (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967; Cannings 1994)." 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-GeneralDescription 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Medium-large flies, 20 mm in length. Laphria vultur is robust-looking with a general gold/orange coloration, due to copious amounts of reddish-orange hair (pubescence) covering the entirety of the head, thorax, and abdomen. The pubescence of other species in the genus Laphria is generally less distinct and sparser. Pubescence is most intense on the abdomen and face, with the mystax (hairs surrounding the mouthparts) and mane (surrounding the hypopharynx) slightly lighter in color. Long raptorial legs are covered in moderately thick black and reddish-orange pubescence, with long claws at the end of the tarsi for capturing and subduing prey (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)" 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-Habitat 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open glades within montane and Cordilleran forests of western North America; generally mixed deciduous/coniferous. Occasionally found in open grasslands (Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-LifeCycle 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33850-TrophicStrategy 33850 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:33 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-ConservationStatus 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "During sporadic outbreaks and at high densities the northern grasshopper can cause damage to range lands and forage crops, but this species is also beneficial when it feeds on its preferred diet; lupine and loco (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-Cyclicity 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Melanoplus borealis nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) usually hatch in June depending on the elevation of the site, when the snow has melted and the soil has warmed. Adults (wings extend more than half the length of the abdomen) can be found about one month after the nymphs have hatched and tend to survive into mid-September (Pfadt 2002). For Alberta, there are records of adults in June through August (Strickland Museum)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-Distribution 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is found across the northern part of North America. From coast to coast, it can be found in Alaska, sweeping down through the Canadian Shield and the northern half of the United States, across the Great Lakes and through the Maritime Provinces and Quebec (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). There are collection records for Alberta as far north as Peace River (Strickland Museum)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-GeneralDescription 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplus borealis is a dark medium-sized spurthroated grasshopper with red hind tibia. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). The wings of adult males usually extend to the apex of the hind femur, but in the females they are often shorter, covering only three quarters the length of the abdomen. The males of this species can be identified by the shape of their short and blunt cerci and theirsubgenitalplate which curves dorsally and terminates in a blunt truncate end. Females can be identified by using size, markers and colouring to associate them with the males (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-Habitat 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The northern grasshopper inhabits both lowland and mountainous areas, including arctic tundra, wet bogs, swamps and wet meadows (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-LifeCycle 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). This species requires two years to break diapause before the nymphs hatch. Nymphs mature through 5 instars before emerging as an adult in July. About three weeks after emerging, the adults reach sexual maturity, and tend to mate during the warmest part of the day. Females begin oviposition 8 to 10 days after mating." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38034-TrophicStrategy 38034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Besides its preferred diet of lupine and loco, this grasshopper eats dandelions, thistle, cinquefoil, red clover, other forbs and grasses and even dead insects (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-ConservationStatus 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This grasshopper is a frequent pest of alfalfa fields (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-Cyclicity 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Melanoplus dawsoni nymphs (no wings or very short wing buds) usually hatch in June through the beginning of July, although the exact timing seems to be affected by altitude. Adults (short or long wings) usually begin to appear in July, about 21 to 66 days after nymphs have hatched, and continue to emerge into August (Pfadt 2002). In Alberta, they have been found in July and August (Stickland Museum records)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-Distribution 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution The Dawson grasshopper is found across the middle of North America. From the south-east corner of British Columbia it ranges south through the Great Plains and east across the Great Lakes and up the St. Lawrence River basin (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). This grasshopper has been found in mid and southern Alberta (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-GeneralDescription 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplus dawsoni is a small spurthroated grasshopper often found with very short wings, but occasionally with wings that extend past the length the abdomen. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). Adults have distinctive black and yellow ringed abdominal terga, canary yellow venter, and red hind tibia. The male cerci are short, rounded and slightly concave apically (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-Habitat 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The Dawson grasshopper inhabits mixed-grass prairies and in high altitude grass-forb parks or ravines in lower altitudes (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-LifeCycle 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Development from nymph, through the 5 instars, to adult is faster at higher altitudes and warmer temperatures. High altitude populations are hypothesized to have adapted physiologically to the shorter seasons and so have a shorter development time. Grasshoppers of these populations also make behavioural adjustments to maximize their heat intake by basking longer in the sun and remaining in thermal shelters longer. Mature males will stridulate to attract receptive females. Females often bore into the ground several times before actually depositing eggs. The egg pods of this species are about 2 cm long, slightly curved, and contain 8-14 tannish yellow eggs." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38035-TrophicStrategy 38035 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This grasshopper prefers to eat forbs including dandelion, common yarrow, golden aster, western ragweed, leadplant, milkvetches, alfalfa, and white clover (Pfadt 2002). It will also eat both the leaves and seeds of grasses including Kentucky bluegrass and brome grass." 3/29/11 8:53 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-Cyclicity 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult flight periods occur in June (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-Distribution 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range (Eastern Europe and Russia) with seven species recognized in North America (Arctic Canada to US) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010, Kuznetsov and Mikkola 1991, Razowski 2003)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-GeneralDescription 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 16-17mm. The forewings are pale yellow-brown to brownish, brownish grey or greyish in coloration. The costal strigulation is indistinct with darker dividings and markings on the wings are rust-brown, grey or similar. The basal blotch can be distinct but is often weak and diffuse. The median fascia is also weak and usually diffuse with the dorsal end atrophied. Cilia are the same color as the ground color of the forewings. The periphery of the hindwing is creamy brown or brownish grey with pale, creamy or whitish grey ciliar. The ground color can vary in shade and intensity of coloration. Markings are similar or can be more brown or tinged with grey or rust (Razowski 2003). Male genitalia have a ventral edge of the sacculus half the length of the valva. The caudal angel is weak and the ventral incision shallow. The ventral lobe of the cucullus is small. The sterigma in female genitalia can be similar to that in G. dealbana but the sclerite of the cingulum is much longer." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-Habitat 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit boreal forest regions with occasional occurrence in small forested patches within the grasslands (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-LifeCycle 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In Europe, this genus has one generation per year and hibernates as larvae or pupae. Adults emerge in June. The larvae feed in buds, leaves and twigs mainly of Salicaceae and Betulaceae (Razowski 2003). This genus also consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Salix and Populus in North America (Miller 1987)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28644-TrophicStrategy 28644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larvae feed in buds, leaves and twigs mainly of Salicaceae and Betulaceae (Razowski 2003). This genus also consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Salix and Populus (Miller 1987)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-Cyclicity 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adult flight periods occur from mid/late July to early/mid August (Gilligan et al. 2008, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-Distribution 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Maryland and Illinois) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-GeneralDescription 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 12mm (with their forewings 4.5-6mm in length) (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008). The forewings have dark areas and markings that are grayish yellowish brown or brownish black in coloration. The hindwings (smoky fuscous) are paler than the forewings. The cilia of the hindwings are concolourous and have a fine whitish basal line. The head and palpi are grayish. The ocelli consist of two bars of leaden scales (extend vertically) that contain three or four short black streaks or dots. From the outer third of the costa, a thin, oblique band of lead collared scales extend to and join the inner bar of the ocelli. Cilia are fuscous brown and have a dark basal line (Heinrich 1923). This moth is similar to G. fasciolana but can be distinguished from it by its smaller size and lack of second whitish interfascial band beyond the median fascia. The shape of the valva or sterigma can also further differentiate the two species from each other (Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-Habitat 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit mountainous regions with occasional occurrence in patches of grassland in boreal regions and forested patches within grasslands (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-LifeCycle 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In North America, this species consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Populus and Quercus (Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008). These larvae then pupate (mostly likely hibernate as larvae or pupae) and emerge from their leaf rolls as adults in July (Razowski 2003). Most likely multiple generations per year at lower latitudes." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31033-TrophicStrategy 31033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva is a leaf-roller and feeds on Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen), Quercus (oak), Populus balsamifera (balsam poplar), and Populus grandidentata (bigtooth aspen) (Prentice 1966, Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-ConservationStatus 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The Gladston grasshopper is not a serious pest of grasslands, and may even be beneficial because it eats Russian thistle buds and other weed species (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-Cyclicity 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Melanoplus gladstoni nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch later than most other grasshoppers; mid-June to early July. Adults (wings extend more than half the length of the abdomen) can be found about 42 to 70 days after the nymphs have hatched and tend to survive into October or November (Pfadt 2002). In Alberta it has been found in July and August (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-Distribution 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is ranges down the center of North America. From central Alberta, southern Saskatchewan, and the south-west corner of Manitoba, it ranges south down the middle of the United States and Mexico (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). There are records of this grasshopper in southern Alberta (Strickland Museum)." 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-GeneralDescription 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplus gladstoni is a dark brown medium-large spurthroated grasshopper with long wings. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). Its tegmenhave a broken line, ivory with dark brown spots, running length-wise down the middle. The males of this species can be identified by the unique shape of their cerci; the apical quarter is bent inward. Both males and females of this species can be identified by the curvature of the lower carina of the hind femur. In other Melanoplus species it curves gently the entire length of the femur, but in Melanoplus gladstoni the basal third is straight or flat (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-Habitat 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The Gladston grasshopper inhabits the rangelands of western North America (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-LifeCycle 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Nymphs mature through 5 instars before moulting into the long-winged adult stage. A week after this last moult, mating pairs of adults have been observed and a couple weeks later the females begin to lay eggs. The egg pods are curved; about 2.5 cm long and contain 16 to 29 tan coloured eggs." 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38036-TrophicStrategy 38036 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Like most other grasshoppers this species is polyphagous, consuming a wide variety of grasses, sedges, forbs, seeds, moss, fungi, and dead arthropods (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:54 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-ConservationStatus 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status The little spurthroated grasshopper is a known pest of forage crops and rangelands where at high densities it can cause economically significant damage (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-Cyclicity 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Melanoplus infantilis nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch in late May to mid-June. Adults (wings extend more than half the length of the abdomen) can be found about 27 to 34 days after the nymphs have hatched and tend to survive into September or October (Pfadt 2002). In Alberta this grasshopper has been found from May to September (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-Distribution 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species can be found in the southern half of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and the very southern edge of Manitoba. It ranges south to northern New Mexico (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). Records from Alberta indicate that it ranges as far north as Peace River (Strickland Museum)." 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-GeneralDescription 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplus infantilis is a small spurthroated grasshopper with long wings. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). The medial area of the hind femur has distinctive pattern with dark chevrons and light patches. There are three dark bands on the upper marginal area of the hind femur. The males of this species have cerci with a distinctive forked shape where the lower arm curves down and ends in a blunt tip (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-Habitat 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The little spurthroated grasshopper inhabits grasslands, parkland meadows and montane clearings of coniferous forests in western North America (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-LifeCycle 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Nymphs mature through 5 instars in late spring and early summer when the weather is warm and their food plants are abundant. They have a fast development time compared to other species and despite living at high altitudes they require only one year per generation. A mated female oviposits into soil near clumps of grass and then uses her abdomen to brush litter and soil over the hole. The egg pods are a little over 2 cm long and contain 10 to 13 light tan eggs. 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38037-TrophicStrategy 38037 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The little spurthroated grasshopper consumes both grasses and forbs (Pfadt 2002). It prefers dandelion and brome grass, but will eat almost any vegetation available in its habitat." 3/29/11 8:55 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-Cyclicity 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult flight periods occur in July (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-Distribution 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (Specimens found in Alberta) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-GeneralDescription 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 19mm (with a body length of 7mm and a forewing length of 9 mm (Heinrich 1924, Packard 1866). Their bodies are blackish with clouded, dusky wings. The wings have no lines or spots with the exceptions of scattered black dots on the costa and gathered dusky scales in the middle of the wing to form an obscure, dark spot with a tawny tinge. The hindwings are much paler than the forewings. The head, thorax and palpi are dull brown, the abdomen ashy grey. This species can be distinguished from other moths of this genus by the absence of distinctive markings on the forewings and its uniformly dusky body. A discal dot connected to a costal dot may be present. Few tawny scales on the apex may also be present. The fringe on this species is dusky with a mesial white line, and may be white on the hindwings (Packard 1866). Can be distinguished from G. fasciolana by the lack of the whitish anti-median and post median areas (Heinrich 1924)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-Habitat 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit boreal forests with occasional occurrence in small patches of grassland in boreal regions (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-LifeCycle 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In North America, this genus consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Salix and Populus (Miller 1987). These larvae then pupate (mostly likely hibernate as larvae or pupae) and emerge from their leaf rolls as adults in July (Razowski 2003). Most likely multiple generations per year at lower latitudes." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19819-TrophicStrategy 19819 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy No information available. Most likely a leaf-roller of Salix and/or Populus (Miller 1987). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-Cyclicity 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adult flight periods occur in June to mid-August and specifically in June in Alberta (Gilligan et al. 2008, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-Distribution 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (Alberta, Ontario, Maine to Minnesota, south to Georgia and Texas) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010, Morris 1967)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-GeneralDescription 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 13-17mm (with their forewings 5.5-7.5mm in length) (Kearfott 1907, Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Morris 1967). The head is brownish-gray, with purplish-brown eyes. The palpi are grey and slightly darker apically. The antennae and thorax are also grey, with the anterior edge of the thorax spotted with brown, and a double brown dot behind the middle. The first three segments of the abdomen are tufted and pale, while the other segments are fuscous. Legs are whitish in coloration and banded with blackish-brown. The forewings are ashy-grey with lines, spots, and shades of brown. A broad, grayish-white fascia is defined by a thin, almost obsolete brown shade from the middle of the costa to the anal angle. The whitish middle fascia is dotted with brown, and a faint line of brown lines the inner border. The ocellus is in the middle of the wing with six or eight black dots and horizontal dashes. The costa is whitish-grey and marked with short brown lines with four larger spots on the outer half. Cilia are fuscous and brown near the apex, while white in the middle. The hindwings are light bronzy-brown, and pale at the base, with a grey underside. \nThis moth can be distinguished from G. fasciolana by the overall greyish appearance of the forewings and the darker interfascial areas (contrast less with the fasciae). The median fascia are also weakly marked. This species can be distinguished from G. fasciolana by its larger size and browner forewings (Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-Habitat 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Occasional occurrence in small patches of grassland in boreal regions and forested patches in the grasslands (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-LifeCycle 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Eggs are laid on the upper surface of leaves near the midrib or vein. Embryos develop into first instar larvae within 5 days. These larvae chew out of the egg membrane and construct a silk structure and feed on leaf tissue. The second-instar larvae then bores into a fresh shoot and finishes its development in this tunnel shoot. The fifth instar larvae then emerge from the twig shelters and move down the tree to construct a silk cocoon in a bark crevice. Pupation then occurs and 8-9 days later an adult emerges. The wings rest in a tentlike position. There can be 4 or 5 generations per year, with the last overwintering as a second-instar larva in a hibernaculum built onto bark or a hollowed bud. The second instar larvae then mature and produce a larger spring generation (Morris 1967).\nPotter wasps (Eumenes sp.) have been known to tear open cottonwood shoots and remove cottonwood twig borers from their galleries. There are also parasitic wasps that attack the twig boring larvae: Bracon mellitor (Say), Apanteles clavatus (Provancher), and Agathis sp. Trichogramma minutum (Riley), the egg parasitoid was also collected from twig borer eggs. Predaceous plant bugs (Coreidae) also feed on G. haimbachiana larvae (Morris 1967)." 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27672-TrophicStrategy 27672 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larvae feed on Populus deltoides (cottonwood) primarily in the shoots (and on leaves for early instars) (Morris 1967). 1/14/09 10:18 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-ConservationStatus 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-Cyclicity 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Mid June to early July in Alberta, as early as May elsewhere." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-Distribution 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alberta to Newfoundland, south to North Carolina and Missouri." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-GeneralDescription 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is light brown with darker brown shading in the lower median area and abundant metallic bluish lines and dots throughout the wing. There is some cream along the costa in the median area and along the outer margin. \nThe larva is green with paired dark green dorsal stripes. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-Habitat 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Deciduous forests. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-LifeCycle 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larva makes a tight roll of a leaf or bract, venturing out to feed upon nearby foliage or flowers." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30273-TrophicStrategy 30273 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds on cohosh (Caulophyllum sp.), solomon’s seal (Polygonatum sp.), and trillium (Trillium sp.) (Razowski 1979)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25654-ConservationStatus 25654 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status No specific information on its conservation available. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25654-Distribution 25654 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Canada it is found at several places such as Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, North-West Territories and Yukon Territories (CBIF, 2010, Lindorth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25654-GeneralDescription 25654 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Length varies from 6.2 - 9.3 mm. Antennae with darker outer segments, palpi dark. Compared to Amara impuncticollis prothorax has less rounded sides with straight basal half and front angles are narrow and less protruding. Elytra with fine striation and with flat intervals. Basal elytral pore-puncture similar to A. impuncticollis. Femora with blackish tinge. Male genitalia are used for identification which is highly pigmented, middle portion is stout and apical region is broad. Apical half portion of right paramere is straight (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25654-Habitat 25654 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This species is found in areas with dry climate and rich vegetation. It mainly colonizes weedy habitats. It is abundant in areas colonized by humans (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25654-TrophicStrategy 25654 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Omnivorous in habit (Levesque and Levesque, 1994)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-ConservationStatus 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Rare. Known from only a single Alberta collection. 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-Cyclicity 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity September. 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-Distribution 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Type Locality is Brownsville, Texas. Also known from Arizona and California. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951). A single specimen was collected by Doug Macaulay on 6 Sep 2006 in the Pinhorn Grazing Reserve, 33 km SW of Manyberries at a MV trap. It was identified by G. Pohl by comparison with Wyoming material in the Canadian National Collection." 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-GeneralDescription 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A small, light brown moth with elongate, rounded wings and a wingspan of up to 17 mm. The dorsal fore wings are shaded with brown, especially in the outer half, and lack AM and PM lines. The dorsal hind wings are silky-white with a narrow, dark margin (termen). Both wings have a noticeable fringe. Unlike any other Alberta species. The genus Loxostegopsis has been placed in the subfamily Spilomelinae of the family Crambidae." 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-Habitat 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Short grass prairie. 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-LifeCycle 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25774-TrophicStrategy 25774 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 2/3/11 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-ConservationStatus 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern but rare in Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-Cyclicity 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late April to early June (Freeman 1958). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-Distribution 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south in the east to Florida, in Alberta it is sporadically encountered in the boreal." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-GeneralDescription 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is shiny light yellow with some brown reticulation. Broad brown bands that slant towards the anal angle dominate the wing in the basal, median, and upper postmedian areas. The head and thorax are brown while the abdomen and hindwings are medium grey.\nThe larva is dull yellow with slightly darker brownish yellow thoracic shield and head." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-Habitat 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Coniferous and mixed forest. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-LifeCycle 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The solitary larva starts as a needle miner in early instars (MacKay 1962). In later instars they live inside a tube made form several needles tied together, gradually feeding on the end of it. As tubes get short from larval feeding, they are abandoned to construct newer ones which are also where pupation occurs (Forbes 1923)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27933-TrophicStrategy 27933 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva is found most commonly on White Pine (Pinus strobus) in eastern Canada, it is rarer in the west on other species of pine." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:49 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-ConservationStatus 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-Cyclicity 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid May to early June. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-Distribution 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "British Columbia to Newfoundland, south to Florida and California." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-GeneralDescription 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is light grey with darker grey markings. The antemedian and postmedian lines are prominent and distinctly brodered by black and filled with dark grey. A subterminal line can be similar to the other lines, but is usually more diffuse. The hindwing is light to medium grey with darker grey reticulations.\nThe larva is green with dorsolateral pale stripes and sharp cream spiracular stripe (Duncan 2006)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-Habitat 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Coniferous forests. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-LifeCycle 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larva is solitary and feeds until the early Fall. The larva hibernates as a late instar and resumes feeding in the Spring, pupating in May or early June. (Duncan 2006)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29975-TrophicStrategy 29975 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Primarily fir (Abies sp.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), but also many other coniferous and occasionally deciduous trees and shrubs. (Duncan 2006)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-ConservationStatus 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Uncommon and restricted to native prairie. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-Cyclicity 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mid to late August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-Distribution 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western North American. Neunzig (2003) has fenestrella from California, and leoninella from Cartwright, Manitoba, south to California and Utah. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951). First reported for Alberta in Pohl et al (2005) based on material collected by C. Bird from Big Knife Provincial Park and the Lowden Springs Natural Area. It has since been found in Dry Island Provincial Park and at Tolman Bridge." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-GeneralDescription 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized moth with a wingspan of 21-24 mm. The forewing ranges from ash gray to brownish yellow in color, has narrow, white, nearly straight antemedial and subterminal lines, and five dark dots outside of the subterminal line. The hindwing is dull white to pale brownish yellow, darkening somewhat toward the termen. Heinrich (1956) provides a description and genitalia illustrations. Neunzig (2003) provides illustrations. Packard (1873) described both this species and Lipographis leoninella, and placed them in the genus Pempelia. Hulst (1890) treated the latter as a variety of fenestrella feeling that it differed only in being more ocherous than gray. The Alberta material has the full color range." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-Habitat 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Native prairie. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-LifeCycle 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26806-TrophicStrategy 26806 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Unknown. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29847-Cyclicity 29847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late June. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29847-Distribution 29847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From the Yukon, south to Washington and also North Carolina." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29847-GeneralDescription 29847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is light greyish brown to light brown and finely reticulated with dark brown throughout. The dark greyish brown median band is prominent only at the costa and the post median band is similarily prominent there as well, though more faded. The hindwing is evenly grey." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29847-Habitat 29847 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Probably higher-elevation habitats. (Obraztsov 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-ConservationStatus 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-Cyclicity 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity End of April to late June. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-Distribution 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia north to the Yukon and Northwest Territories, east to Newfoundland, and south to Kentucky and Oregon. In Alberta found throughout boreal and mountainous regions." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-GeneralDescription 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The forewing is light grey with fine dark grey or black reticulations throughout. Broad bands slanted towards the anal angle are prominent in the basal, median and upper postmedian areas. The head and thorax are dark grey and the abdomen and hindwings are light grey.\nThe larva is green with a darker green middorsal stripe and with some brown markings on the head (Duncan 2006)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-Habitat 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Spruce forests. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-LifeCycle 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Overwintering is done as a pupa and adults emerge from mid May to late July. Larvae are solitary and web the needles of their hosts (Duncan 2006). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25155-TrophicStrategy 25155 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Most commonly on spruce (Picea spp.), also Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea), Tamarack (Larix laricina), and Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta)(Duncan 2006; MacKay 1962)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-ConservationStatus 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Never common, but probably of no concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-Cyclicity 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity June and July. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-Distribution 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A European and New World species, which occurs in North America from Alaska and the Northwest Territories south to Washington, east to Quebec and Minnesota (Shafer 1968). In Alberta, reported from Area 10 (Edmonton) by Bowman (1951)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-GeneralDescription 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized Pyralid, with narrow, brown forewings, having a wingspan of 19-27 mm, and light grayish-fuscous hindwings. The costal region of the FW is similar in color to the remainder of the wing, rather than being pale or white as in Peoria approximella, Coenochroa illibella or species of Pima. The genitalia are described by Shafer (1968). Similar to the species of Bandera but somewhat larger and with the frons rounded, rather than being conical." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-Habitat 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Primarily native grasslands. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-LifeCycle 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Univoltine. The larvae are known to feed on the base of the stem and in the root-stock of various grasses (Shafer 1968) as do those of “sod webworm” Crambids. Pupates in a silken cocoon near the larval tube (Goater 1986). Adults rest on grass stems during the day, are active at night and come to light." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28055-TrophicStrategy 28055 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The local food plants are unknown but may include species of Festuca. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-ConservationStatus 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not of concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-Cyclicity 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Late June to mid August in Alberta, June to August elsewhere (Razowski 1979)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-Distribution 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From British Columbia to Nova Scotia, south to Florida and California. Widespread in Alberta." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-GeneralDescription 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description The forewing is light yellow that occasionally has faint brown shading along the veins. The hindwing is pale yellow or white. There is a small costal fold in the male which helps separate it from the similar Xenotemna pallorana.\nThe slender larva has a yellowish head with some brown shading and pale to dark legs and thoracic shield. It has unusually large pinacula with fairly long setae. (MacKay 1962) 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-Habitat 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat In weedy open areas. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-LifeCycle 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle The larva hibernates and the pupa can be found inside folded leafs (MacKay 1962). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30033-TrophicStrategy 30033 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva feeds on grasses, goldenrod (Solidago sp.), and aster (Aster sp.) (Razowski 1979)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-ConservationStatus 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "A common pest (Covell 1984), of no conservation concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-Cyclicity 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Mainly May to September. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-Distribution 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Worldwide. Reported from many areas in Alberta by Bowman (1951). This moth has been found in most homes in Alberta. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-GeneralDescription 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-sized pyralid with a wingspan of 15-30 mm. The basal third of the forewing is reddish-brown, the median area brownish-white and the terminal area reddish-brown. There are white AM and PM lines and there is a light subterminal line back of a reddish-brown fringe. The hindwing is grayish-white crossed by two white lines. At rest, the adults fold their wings flat while the abdomen is extended and curled over the body (Goater 1986)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-Habitat 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inside houses and storehouses.Inside houses and storehouses. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-LifeCycle 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae are dirty white with a dark brown head (Forbes 1923). As in Plodia interpunctella, they live in a silken gallery in their food source. Once an infestation is discovered, the affected food source should be discarded and the area cleaned up. Freezing food products suspected of containing larvae is a good idea. The adults are said to fly at night (Goater 1986)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29621-TrophicStrategy 29621 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Larvae feed on flour and stored grain. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-ConservationStatus 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is very common and this is not reported in vulnerability status. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-Cyclicity 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In natural populations in cold zones the colony is annual, but in colonies inside buildings the wasp survive the winter." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-Distribution 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western Yellowjacket is native of western half of temperate North America in Canada, United States, Mexico and this species was introduced in Hawaii (Kweskin 2000, Carpenter & Kojima 1997). Canada: from Manitoba to British Columbia. United States: from western to Colorado, Nebraska, Texas and Wisconsin. México: Baja California Norte, Ciudad de Mexico and Michoacan (Buck et al. 2008)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-GeneralDescription 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is black with yellow markings. The metasomal pattern is similar to V. germanica but Western Yellowjacket is the only species with a yellow ring around the compound ayes (Buck et al. 2008). In average the worker size is 15 mm (Gruner & Foote 2000). Head: Malar space less than half as long as the penultimate antennal segment; occipital carina complete; deeply emarginated subantennal mark on the frons. Metasoma: apex of 7th tergite depressed; tergum 7th densely pubescent apical margin; shaft of edeagus without sharp teeth at base of terminal spoon, aedeagus with slender preapical portion. Xanthic specimens are rare (Miller 1961, Buck et al. 2008)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-Habitat 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open boreal forest, forest edges and prairies. Urban zones as gardens, parkland, meadows and houses." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-LifeCycle 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Western Yellowjacket is a social species with annual colonies. In early April or late May the queens emerge from diapauses and them looking for nesting places, generally they fly 20 cm above the ground; most queens begin the nest in deserted rodent burrows, but they are also built in other dark cavities like hollow walls and attics (Akre et al. 1976, Akre et al. 1981, Buck et al. 2008). The successful queen burrows about 10-30 cm underground, aerial nest are uncommon. The queen adds cells inside the nest, she lays eggs and takes care of the larvae, the first workers emerge in early June and the queen doesn’t leave the nest again. The workers search food and fibers, care the larvae, clean the cells, feed the queen, the larvae and the males, they exhibit trophallaxis, mauling and ovoposition behavior, and also they protect the colony (Akre et al. 1976). The average of lifespan of a worker is 34 days. The males emerge in mid August, finally the colony decline in later \nSeptember (Akre et al. 1976)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34538-TrophicStrategy 34538 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "They feed regularly on live prey. They are mostly predators of spiders, harvestmen, caterpillars, flies, hemipterans, soft beetles, butterflies, moths, crickets, slug and other bugs. This species avoids hard beetles. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They also feed of flower nectar or sweet substances as aphid honeydew, they have been reported collecting dead honey bees and this species has affinity to scavenge in carrion (Akre et al. 1976, Kweskin 2000)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-ConservationStatus 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is common and this is not reported in vulnerability status. 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-Cyclicity 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Colonies are annual. Queens choose the nest in June. The colony decline in early November. 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-Distribution 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is widely distributed in the southern part of North America and some regions in Centre America. Canada: only found in Ontario. United States: eastern region from New York to Florida. México: Chiapas, Tamaulipas to Michoacán. Guatemala and Honduras (Carpenter & Kojima 1997, Miller 1961, Buck et al. 2008)" 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-GeneralDescription 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The workers and males are black with yellow markings; the queens are orange with black markings (Miller 1961). Queens are the larger specimens, in average their size is 17 mm, workers and males size 13 mm in average. Queen and workers are dimorphic. Head: malar space less than half os long as the penultimate antennal segment; occipital carina incomplete; Mesosoma: conspicuous yellow longitudinal stripes on the mesoscutum; mesopleuron with an elongate yellow spot from pronotal lobe to mid coxa; second cubital cell of forewing equal than third cubital cell. Metasoma: queens with orange fascia expanded to nearly obliterated black markings, leaving only pairs of black spots; males and workers with lateral yellow stripes of the second tergite; male aedeagus robust with distal part bilobed (Buck et al. 2008, Miller 1961, VanDyk 2003)." 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-Habitat 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Nearctic species founding in open prairies, grasslands, disturbed boreal forest." 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-LifeCycle 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Southern Yellowjacket is a social species with annual colonies. In early June the queens looking for nesting places, however, the queens are facultative temporary social parasites and they usurp established young nest of other Vespula species usually V. maculifrons, V. vidua and V. flavopilosa, because, V. squamosa prefers host nests these are meanly subterranean, but aerial nest are common in urban places and they are found in hollow walls. The queens are robust, strong and large and they kill the host queens of the colonies that they take over. Near the 80% of Southern Yellowjacket began by usurpation of V. maculifrons colonies. After killing the host queen, the usurper queen adopts the nest and host workers and these helping to raise the new offspring. When the original host workers died the colony becomes pure with only V. squamosa (Akre et al. 1981, Buck et al. 2008, VanDyk 2003)" 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38260-TrophicStrategy 38260 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "They feed regularly on live prey but they also scavenge on carrion. They are mostly predators of spiders, harvestmen, caterpillars, flies, hemipterans, soft beetles and other bugs. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They also feed of flower nectar and other fluids (Akre et al. 1981, Buck 2008, VanDyk 2003)." 3/15/12 9:42 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-ConservationStatus 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently of any concern. 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-Cyclicity 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Alberta, specimens have been collected from April to September. Adults have been observed into October (Hennessy 2002)." 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-Distribution 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "In Canada, found in southern Alberta and BC. In the US, nearly transcontinental, but not reaching the West coast. Recorded from Tamaulipas in Mexico (Williams, et. al., 2012)." 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-GeneralDescription 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "These wasps are antlike in appearance (Manley and Pitts 2002). Compound eyes somewhat hemispherical. Felt line only present on tergite II. Females: 5.5-13.5 mm and wingless (Williamset. al., 2012). Setae not plumose (Manley and Pitts 2002). Head and mesosomal integument varies from pale orange to red (Williamset. al. 2012). Antennal scrobe, carinategena, and posterolateral head tubercles lacking (Manley and Pitts 2007). Elongate mesosoma with a narrow scutellar scale and no transverse carinae anterior to it (Manley and Pitts 2007; Williamset. al., 2012). Propodeum with small pits or fine grooves and only a few setae posteriorly. Males: 7.5-14.5 mm and winged (Williamset. al., 2012). Tergum and sternum II have reddish-brown setae (Manley and Pitts 2007). Black setae on Tergites 3 to 7 (Williams et. al.,2012). Mandibles lack notches ventrally (Manley and Pitts 2002) and sternum II lacks median pit (Manley and Pitts 2007). Wing venation normal with a sclerotized pterostigma (Manley and Pitts 2002). Coarsely pitted tegulae (Williamset. al., 2012). Mesonotum is broadened and elevated. Axilla prominent and notauli absent (Manley and Pitts 2002). Two spurs are present on the mesotibia. Pygidium has a fringe of setae at the apex (Manley and Pitts 2007)." 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-Habitat 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid sandy regions. 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-LifeCycle 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Solitary ectoparasites of ground-dwelling wasps and bees (Mickel 1928). Adult females enter nests and deposit eggs into diapausing larvae or pupae (Arneson and Pitts 2003). The parasitic larvae then consume the entire host before entering the prepupal stage (Mickel 1928). The size of adults is believed to depend directly on the size of the host larva. Thus, host availability may be the cause of geographic size differences (Deyrup and Manley 1986). Also, females may determine whether to release or withhold sperm upon oviposition depending on host size. As they search for hosts, adult females build new retreats daily (VanderSal 2008). Females have up to four emergence periods per year, each lasting between five and ten days (Hennessy 2002). Male abundance follows closely. Activity of female generations may overlap, attributed to a secondary host search. Males may also be found between emergences. Mandible abrasion has been used to estimate emergence date in females. Consistent wear throughout generations implies a digging behaviour performed by all females. Adults are inactive midday when temperatures are highest; however, females have a higher tolerance to high temperatures than males (Mickel 1928). This is likely due to their reduced mobility. Many females overwinter and may have a lifespan of over ten months (Hennessy 2002). Males have shorter lifespans. Adult females arereputed to have a very painful sting (Mickel 1928)." 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39066-TrophicStrategy 39066 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Currently known larval hosts: Bembix cinerea Handlirsch, Trypoxylon politum (Say) (=albitarse Fabricius), Nomia melanderi melanderi Cockerell (Williams, et. al., 2012), and Trypargilum politum (Say) (Manley and Pitts 2007). It is speculated that adult females eat nectar and larvae from host nests (Brothers 1989)." 1/10/14 8:29 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-ConservationStatus 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The winter tick is not of conservation interest. However, it is an important veterinarian pest in North America (Samuel 2004)." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-Cyclicity 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Winter ticks are most commonly encountered in fall and winter. Larvae hatch and begin questing (host seeking) from August to October. Winter ticks feed and stay on their hosts until March/April, when adult females detach and drop to the ground. Females die soon after laying eggs in June. Males may remain on their hosts until May (Samuel 2004)." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-Distribution 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The winter tick has a range that spans most of North America (Banks 1908; Bishopp & Wood 1913). It has not been recorded from Nunavut, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Alaska and Delaware, although Zarnke et al. (1990) suggest that populations in these areas may establish where conditions are suitable." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-GeneralDescription 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult winter ticks are various shades of brown with grey patterning on their scutum (shield) (Cooley 1938). The rectangular basis capitulum (base of mouthparts) is wider than long, and the palpi are short and stout (Cooley 1938). The hypostome (piercing mouthpart) has three rows of dentition (teeth) on either side of the median. Spurs are present on all four pairs of coxae (base of legs) (Cooley 1938). The first pair of coxae (coxae I) have two spurs each. Coxae II and III also have two spurs each, although their internal spurs are always much shorter. Coxae IV only have one well-developed spur each. An adult winter tick has eleven festoons (marginal divisions) on the end of its body (Cooley 1938; Yunker et al. 1986).\nAdult winter ticks are distinguishable by rounded spiracular plates that consist of moderate numbers of large goblet cells (Cooley 1938; Yunker et al. 1986). Dorsal prolongations on the spiracular plates may or may not be present (Leo et al. 2010) (See images).\nIt is difficult to identify larval and nymphal winter ticks based on morphology due to their small size." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-Habitat 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Forested areas of North America (Samuel 2004; Yunker et al. 1986; Bishopp and Trembley 1945). Commonly found feeding on moose, elk and deer (Samuel 2004)." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-LifeCycle 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The winter tick produces one generation per year. Females oviposit in June, and eggs hatch late summer or early fall (August – September). Six-legged larval ticks will scale vegetation (September – October) up to about 2 meters high while questing for host animals (McPherson et al. 2000). Once on a host, the larvae immediately initiate feeding before molting to the eight-legged nymphal stage (Samuel 2004). Nymphs remain on the host for most of fall and winter (October – March), feeding continuously and becoming engorged. The nymphs then undergo their final molt to become sexually mature adults (January-May). Adult winter ticks continue feeding and begin to mate on the host. In late winter or early spring (March – April), mated females will engorge and then detach from the host. Females expire after laying their eggs (Samuel 2004).\nThe reproductive success of a female tick is dependent on a variety of factors including host health, host avoidance and grooming behaviour, predation and weather conditions (Welch et al. 1991; Samuel and Welch 1991; Drew and Samuel 1987)." 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31506-TrophicStrategy 31506 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Winter ticks specialise in feeding on the blood of ungulate hosts (Cooley 1938; Bishopp and Wood 1913). They are found primarily on\n
• Moose (Alces alces (Linnaeus))\n
• Elk (Cervus canadensis (Erxleben)) \n
• Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque))\n
• White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann)\n
Winter ticks may also parasitise\n
• Horses (Equus ferus sp. Boddaert)\n
• Cattle (Bos sp. Linnaeus)\n
• Rocky Mountain sheep (Ovis canadensis Shaw) 2/27/09 13:32 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-ConservationStatus 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Due to the limited knowledge of the insect, it is impossible to tell whether it is at risk or if it has important environmental impact. However, as a predator of a pest insect (E. spurius), it may be susceptible to pesticides, specifically imidacloprid, which is used throughout the Calgary to control E. spurius, on public trees (Mader, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-Cyclicity 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adult specimens can be found in late summer and early autumn (late August to late September) (Mader, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-Distribution 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "All specimens of this species were found in a single park in the community of Elboya, in Calgary, Alberta in 2011, except for a single specimen collected from another park in Edgemont, Calgary, Alberta, in 2005 (Mader, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-GeneralDescription 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Like other Coccophagous wasps, this species is very small. Females are less than 2 mm long, and males are around 1 mm long. The body is black, and the legs a pale yellow. The species lacks the bright yellow scutellum characteristic of many other species within the genus Coccophagus. The mesoscutellum (the dorsal portion of the mesonotum) is densely setose, which places the species within the Malthusi group of Coccophagus wasps (J. Mottern, 2011, pers. comm.)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-Habitat 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Urban. 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-LifeCycle 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Very little is known about this species. It is a parasitoid of European elm scale (Eriococcus spurius). Eggs are presumably laid in the scale insect at some point during its development. What is known is that the adults emerge from already dead scale insect casings in late August through late September, and that parasitism rate can reach nearly 100% of adult scales at this time of year. Other hosts, overwintering behaviour, and the number of generations per year is unknown (Mader, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38249-TrophicStrategy 38249 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The only known prey of this species is European elm scale (Eriococcus spurius) (Mader, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:06 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-ConservationStatus 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is very common and this is not reported in vulnerability status. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-Cyclicity 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Colonies are annual. Queens choose the nest in April. The colony declines in late October. Some colonies are perennial. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-Distribution 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Yellowjacket is a Holarctic species with transcontinental distribution in Neartic region, this species is found in North and Centre America, Europe and Asia (Miller 1961). This species was introduced species to Hawaii, Iceland, New Zealand and Australia (Carpenter & Kojima, Kweskin 2000, Rodriguez-Palafox 1996). Canada: all provinces and territory less Nunavut. United States: Northern and western. Mexico: Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Michoacan and Oaxaca (Buck et al.1981)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-GeneralDescription 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is black with yellow markings. Yellowjacket resemble to Vespula germanica but its face lacks of black spots present in German wasp. The workers sizes oscillate between 12 and 17 mm, queens 15 to 20 mm. Head: malar space less than half as long as penultimate antennal segment; occipital carina incomplete, it reach mandible base; workers with a black mark behind the eyes; wide black stripe between the corona and ocular sinus. Mesosoma: yellow pronotal bands parallel. Metasoma: apex of seventh tergite of male depressed, shaft of aedeagus with a acute tooth of each side to base of terminal spoon (Miller 1961). Xanthic workers rarely with evanescent enclosed yellow spots on tergum 2 (Buck et al. 2008)" 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-Habitat 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Prairies, grasslands, natural and planted forest, shrub lands and urban zones like gardens, orchards and buildings." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-LifeCycle 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Yellowjacket is a social species with annual or perennial colonies. In early May the queens looking for nesting places, they start the nest underground or in hollows of trees or wall buildings. Sometimes the nests are aerial (Akre et al. 1981, Buck et al. 2008, Kweskin 1997). The queen adds cells inside the nest, she lays eggs (one by cell), the larval hatches in 5 or 8 days and the queen takes care of the larvae, after 5 molts the larvae spin a silk cap and pupate. The first workers emerge in early June and the queen doesn’t leave the nest again. The workers search food and fibers, care the larvae, clean the cells, feed the queen, the larvae and the males, they exhibit trophallaxis, mauling and ovoposition behavior, and also they protect the colony. The mature nests eventually have more than 1000 workers; if the colony is disturbed they defend the nest aggressively. The new queens and males are produced in late September. The annual colonies decline in late October (Akre et al. 1981, Buck et al. 2008)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34539-TrophicStrategy 34539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "They feed regularly on live prey but they also have affinity to scavenge on carrion. They are mostly predators of spiders, harvestmen, caterpillars, flies, hemipterans, soft beetles, butterflies, crickets and other bugs. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They also feed of flower nectar or sweet substances as aphid honeydew (Akre et al. 1981, Buck et al. 2008)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-ConservationStatus 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Nothing indicating that specimens are rare. 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-Cyclicity 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Like others within the genus, this species is primarily found between March and July (Blake 1967). The Strickland Museum specimens were primarily collected between April and June, suggesting adults are more numerous during those months." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-Distribution 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Commonly found in southern Alberta and British Columbia, but range extends throughout much of the United States, as far south as California." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-GeneralDescription 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "6.5-10 mm in length, 3.3-5 mm in width, although there is great variation in size of species. Oval or oblong shape, as is typical within the genus and family. The have a bronze-black or purplish body with pale creamy brown setae all over. Head with a distinct median line ending in a depression in the middle front. Species has broad head with wide set eyes. The antennae extend below the humeri, and the seventh joint is long. The prothorax is wider than long, and coarsley punctate. The elytra are faintly depressed about the scutellum and have a transverse depression below the intrahumeral sulcus. Like G. squamulata, the pubescence on elytra are without lines of brown setae, and the pronotum is also lacking any pattern. Coarse setae are pointed and not truncate, as in G. squamulata. Ventral setae are finer than dorsal setae, and can be cream to light yellowish in colour. Dorsal and ventral pubescence does not completely cover surface, producing a grey-white colour and distinguishing it from others. Species diagnosis can be made with the aedeagus, which is triangular at apex (Blake 1967)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-Habitat 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Woody shrubs and trees. Specimens have been found in pine, fir trees, as well as willow (Blake 1967)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-LifeCycle 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Similar to other Glyptoscelis, the larvae mature underground and feed on the host plants. There is little sexual dimorphism; the genus as a whole tends to be quite homogenous (Blake 1967)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39138-TrophicStrategy 39138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Like other members of the genus, adults are phytophagus, usually preferring deciduous trees and bushes. The larvae feed on the roots of host plants. (Blake 1967). Some Strickland Museum specimens were found on Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:31 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-ConservationStatus 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Nothing indicating that specimens are rare. Beetles are commonly found in California and adjacent US states. 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-Cyclicity 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Found between March and July. Peak emergence occurs near the end of March in California, but they have been found in the area as early as January (Stern & Johnson 1984)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-Distribution 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "From Canada to Chile, but primarily in the western United States (Blake 1967). The majority of the Strickland Museum specimens were collected in California, a few were collected in southern Alberta, in the Medicine Hat area." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-GeneralDescription 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "6.5-10 mm in length, 3.3-5 mm in width. Oval or oblong shape, as is typical within the genus and family. Bronze-black body with pale creamy brown setae all over. Head with a distinct median line ending in a depression in the middle front. The antennae extend below humeri, and the seventh joint is long. The elytra are faintly depressed about the scutellum and have transverse depression below the intrahumeral sulcus. The prothorax is wider than long, also pubescent, with setae set vertically in the centre, and horizontally near margins. Prothorax is deeply punctate. The pronotum lacks a pattern of brown setae, and the elytra is lacking lines of brown setae, present in other species. The ventral side is covered in finer, hair-like setae, white in colour. Piceous surface completely hidden by hair. This, along with the lack of brown markings on the dorsal side creates an overall snowy white colour, diagnostic of the species. The legs are a dark reddish-brown colour (Blake 1967)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-Habitat 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Woody shrubs and trees. Specimens have been found in pine, fir trees, as well as willow (Blake 1967)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-LifeCycle 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Species is very active at night, mostly sedentary during the day. Even when active, this species is rarely spotted flying. Instead, adults move by climbing along host plants, only flying when necessary. There is little to no sexual dimorphism within the genus, and as such there is not a reliable method of sexing adults. Egg clusters are deposited in and under the bark of Vitis vinifera, or table grapes, as well as other host plants. After hatching, larvae drop to the ground and enter the soil, were they mature and may overwinter. Eggs are laid in batches of 12 to 44 eggs at a time, and females can lay multiple batches of eggs without mating each time. The males are extremely aggressive in courtship, and often engage in mate guarding post-copulation. Males have been recorded to remain mounted on females for 4-5 hours, which interferes with subsequent oviposition by females. As such, females tend to reproduce less when in the extended company of males (Blake 1967, Bentley 2009, Stern & Johnson 1984)." 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39139-TrophicStrategy 39139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Adults eat plant buds and immature leaves of a variety of plants. Larvae feed on the roots of host plant underground (Stern & Johnson 1984). 3/5/14 10:00 3/6/14 11:35 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-ConservationStatus 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The impact of the species is mostly aesthetic. Eriococcus spurius does not appear to be capable of causing tree mortality on its own (Dreistadt and Hagen 1994, Williams 1985), although heavy infestations can cause branch dieback, and adults produce honeydew in large amounts (Dreistadt and Hagen, 1994). Nevertheless, E. spurius is considered an invasive pest in parts of North America where it is prevalent, and control of the species has been attempted since the late 1930s, when hymenopteran parasitioids of the species, Coccophagus insidiator (Dalman) was introduced to infested areas in California (Flanders, 1952). The City of Calgary controls E. spurius using pesticides injected into host trees, as well as removal of adults using power washers, a method that can prove effective, although temporary (City of Calgary, 2011)." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-Distribution 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "First described in Europe in the 1700s (Williams, 1985), the first E. spurius in North American was detected in California in 1893 (Herbert 1924)." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-GeneralDescription 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A fairly distinct scale insect, adult females are approximately 3 mm long, and 1.8 mm wide, and oval in shape (Williams, 1985). They appear to be dark brown or black, and each individual is surrounded by a white lacelike substance. Closer inspection of individuals removed from the tree reveals that they are in fact a deep, reddish purple hue (Dreistadt and Hagen, 1994). No features other than setae are discernable from the dorsal side, but ventrally, antennae, mouthparts, and vestigial legs are visible." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-Habitat 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "This species is restricted to elm trees (genus Ulmus) (Williams, 1985). Since elm trees of any variety are not native to Alberta, the scale is restricted to urban areas where elm trees are planted. Eriococcus spurius is a common pest in Calgary (Mader, 2011), and although periodic outbreaks do occur, heavy infestations do not tend to persist in Edmonton (M. Jenkins, 2011, pers. comm.)." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-LifeCycle 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adult females are sessile, and present on branches, feeding through the bark. They are univoltine, producing eggs in early summer, which hatch into nymphs or ""crawlers"". These migrate to leaves or young branches upon hatching, where they feed for a portion of the season before migrating back to older branches where they enclose themselves in cocoon-like structures and overwinter without maturing. In the spring, nymphs that have overwintered become adults (Dreistadt and Hagen, 1994). Like most scale insects, males are rare, and females are possibly capable of parthenogenesis (Williams, 1985)." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38252-TrophicStrategy 38252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Both adults and nymphs feed on elm trees exclusively (Williams 1985). They have been found on a number of elm species, including the English elm (Ulmus procera), Siberian elm (U. pumila), American elm (U. amaricanus) and field elm (U. minor) (Dreistadt and Hagen, 1994). Ulmus pumila appears to be a less suitable host for E. spurius than either U. amaricanus and U. procera, which can be infested with large populations of E. spurius (Dreistadt and Hagen, 1994)." 1/19/12 14:44 1/14/14 9:11 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-ConservationStatus 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Nothing indicating that the species is rare or threatened. Within its range, it is commonly reported." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-Cyclicity 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults emerge from underground in early summer, and are present during the remaining summer months. The Strickland Museum specimens indicate that C. auratus is common into late summer, as many specimens were collected between June and August." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-Distribution 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Found across the United States, from southern Canada to New Mexico (Dobler & Farrell 1999), east of the Rocky Mountains. In Utah and Arizona, species can be found extending west into the Rocky Mountains (Peterson et al. 2001). In Canada, species can be found in eastern Alberta, and southern Saskatchewan. Specimens from the Strickland Museum have been collected from the Medicine Hat area, New Jersey, and Chicago." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-GeneralDescription 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "6.8-11.3 mm in length. Vivid metallic golden green in colour, with green abdominal sterna (Peterson et al. 2001). Antennae and legs are dark blue in colour, and antennae are filiform and 12-jointed. The mandibles are adapted for herbivory, and the left is longer than the right. The left mandible rests inside a groove on the right (Wilson 1934)." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-Habitat 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Species occupies habitat where host plants are found, and range from riparian to agricultural areas. Often found in open, disturbed areas, or along forest edges, lakeshores, and areas with gravelly soil. (Dobler & Farrel 1999 and Peterson et al. 2001)." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-LifeCycle 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Along with C. colbaltinus, C. auratus is the only North American representative of the genus (Peterson et al. 2001). Their host plants provide them with chemical compounds called cardenolides, which are used for predator defense (Dobler & Farrell 1999). Species exhibit little sexual dimorphism. They produce a single generation per year. First instar larvae hatch in midsummer, and burrow into the soil, where they pupate. The average lifespan is approximately 6 to 8 weeks. They mate once per day during their lifespan, usually early in the day, and males engage in post-copulatory mate guarding, which can last for 1.5 hours. They have been found to engage in interspecific copulation with C. colbaltinus, producing viable offspring with unique behaviour and phenotype, although hybrids tend to be sterile (Peterson et al. 2001)." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39137-TrophicStrategy 39137 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Species feeds on dogbane plants, Apocynaceae (Dobler & Farrell 1999). The larvae are obligate root feeders, and adults eat the leaves of larval host plants (Peterson et al. 2001). Species has been reported to feed on milkweed plants, but research with food choice trials has indicated that many individuals will only feed on dogbane species (Dobler & Farrell 1999)." 3/5/14 9:59 3/6/14 11:46 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-Cyclicity 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults emerge in April (Lawson 1950) varying somewhat by region but being present at least until August (McCracken 1906, Strickland Collection)." 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-Distribution 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "According to Lawson, these beetles are found throughout southern Canada and the United States (1950). The Strickland collection includes specimens collected in the Northwest Territories as well as the southern half of Alberta." 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-GeneralDescription 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Larvae have few spines, their bodies change from yellow to black to green throughout their instar stages. A diagram from Lawson shows their bodies as being spotted. Their head capsules are dorso-ventrally flat and usually darker than their bodies (Lawson 1950). Two known colour morphs of adults exist, one metallic green and one black with a metallic blue sheen (McCracken 1906). No difference appears to exist between the two adult colour morphs (Lawson 1950), however all beetles start out as black, while those with a recessive gene later develop green colouration (McCracken 1906).They have fewer tiny depressions spread over the head and thorax compared to the elytra which are very punctate. They are 4-5 mm in length and are oblong oval in shape. Their sternites, antennae, and legs are purplish black (Blatchley 1910)." 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-Habitat 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "May have similar habitats as G. polygoni and G.viridula which are often found in cultivated areas with homogenous plant communities (fields of hay or cereals, yards)." 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-LifeCycle 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Pupation occurs in the soil (Lawson 1950).They may be multivoltine, similar to G. viridula ." 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39125-TrophicStrategy 39125 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Herbivorous on Rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) and several species within the plant genus Rumex (dock) (Lawson 1950). 3/4/14 11:43 10/29/14 16:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-ConservationStatus 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common (Hutchings and Halstead, 2011)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-Cyclicity 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "June to September in British Columbia (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-Distribution 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Spans southern Canada from British Columbia to Labrador. Found as far south as Minnesota and New York (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-GeneralDescription 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Blue or green notched stripes on lateral sides of thorax (Figure 2). Very similar in appearance to Canada Darners (A. canadensis) but different by having a larger size,a notched posterior thoracic stripe, and a black horizontal line bisecting the frons. They are easily differentiated from other congeneric species by their large sizes and their thoracic stripe pattern(Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-Habitat 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Including but not limited to: lakes, ponds, fens, and bogs(Hutchings and Halstead, 2011)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-LifeCycle 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit on floating vegetation and in emergent plant stems. Nymphs are aquatic predators among vegetation. Adults are terrestrial and hunt insects in flight (Cannings, 2002). They areoften found in feeding swarms in great numbers (Hutchings and Halstead, 2011)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24322-TrophicStrategy 24322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Both adults and nymphs are predatory (Cannings, 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-ConservationStatus 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently a concern. Populations of O. severus are widespread in their range and are not presently declining. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-Cyclicity 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have a flight season occurring from May to September. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-Distribution 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Found commonly in western Canada and United States, but specimens have been collected as far east as Ontario. Not typically found north of the British Columbia and Yukon border." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-GeneralDescription 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Coloration of Ophiogomphus severus is similar to its close relatives, except that O. severus has a larger proportion of black across the entire body. The head and eyes are yellow with a black line across the frons and a black vertex. Eyes do not meet dorsally. Thorax is more greenish yellow than the head and abdomen with a diagnostic dark brown oval on the prothorax. Both the forewings and the hindwings have a yellow costal vein, but dark venation color throughout the rest of the wing. Leg segments show a mottled color pattern, the leg base yellow, the tarsi black and the femur and tibia displaying both colours. Abdomen is primarily yellow and black. Lateral stripes are continuous from the first to the terminal abdominal segment while the dorsal stripe is arranged as a row of large yellow spots ending on the ninth segment. Caudal appendages are also entirely yellow. Males and females of this species look very similar, but can be differentiated by more color on the legs of the female (Needham, et al 2000).\nThis species is divided into two subspecies: Ophiogomphus severus severus Hagen (described above) and Ophiogomphus severus montanus Selys which is described as having a larger lateral brown spot on the prothoracic segment and more black on segment 10 of the abdomen (Needham, et. al. 2000).
" 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-Habitat 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Near freshwater lakes, rivers and streams, with coarse substrate." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-LifeCycle 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In 2004, K. Gibbs et al studied six species of Ophiogomphus that were found coexisting in Maine. Ophiogomphus severus was not included in this study, but it can be assumed that it has a similar life history to its closely relatives because of their synchronous emergence patterns. Sexually mature adults are completely terrestrial and are capable of flying great distances over land in search for food, but most of the adult life is spent near water where mate selection, reproduction and oviposition take place. Mating usually occurs during June, July and August. Females oviposit their eggs close to a shallow freshwater source. Aquatic nymphs emerge shortly after and enter a series of 9 to 15 molts before reaching the final instar larval phase. Instars then overwinter in diapause, emerging from the water and undergoing complete metamorphosis two years later as a winged adult." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29105-TrophicStrategy 29105 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults typically feed on other flying insects found near aquatic environments such as mosquitoes, but diet also includes flies, ants and small other small flying insects." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-ConservationStatus 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently a concern. The boreal snaketail is widespread and extremely abundant within its range. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-Cyclicity 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Flying from early May to late August or early September (Needham et. al., 1955)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-Distribution 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Found commonly coast to coast across Canada and north eastern United States, but not common south of Pennsylvania." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-GeneralDescription 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Coloration is dominantly green on the head, eyes and thorax, with a black outline around the labrum and facial sutures as well as black lateral stripes on thorax. Eyes do not meet dorsally on the head. The anterior thoracic strip is divided by a narrow green line seen in many other Ophiogomphus species. Legs are entirely black, except for trace green markings on the femora and tibia of females. The abdomen is primarily black with interrupted dorsal and lateral stripes that appear bright yellow and noticeably widen on enlarged segments 7, 8 and 9 and continue on to the caudal appendages of males. Length of the abdomen can vary up to 10mm between individuals. Unlike most other species, male boreal snaketails have small dark coloured horns on their head similar to females; however, females of this species have two pairs of horns, one in front and one behind the eye (Needham et. al. 2000)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-Habitat 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Near freshwater bodies, such as lakes or streams." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-LifeCycle 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In 2004, K. Gibbs et. al. studied several species of Ophiogomphus coexisting in Maine. Ophiogomphus colubrinus was not included in this study, but it can be assumed that it has a similar life history to its close relatives because of the discovery of synchronous emergence patterns of Ophiogomphus species. Sexually mature adults are completely terrestrial and are capable of flying great distances over land in search for food, but most of the adult life is spent near water where mate selection, reproduction and oviposition take place. Mating usually occurs during June, July and August. Females oviposit their eggs close to a shallow freshwater source. Aquatic naiads emerge from the eggs during the summer and molt 9 to 15 times as they develop into the final instar larvae. The final instars enter diapause to overwinter under the ice and emerge from the water two years later. Metamorphosis is complete when the larvae emerge from the water and then molt into winded adults." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28198-TrophicStrategy 28198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Diet is likely very similar to other species of Ophiogomphus, consisting mainly of mosquitoes and other aquatic flying insects found near water. Naiad diet includes aquatic larvae and other small animals it is able to grasp, like fish and tadpoles.
" 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-ConservationStatus 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The Luna Moth is at the extreme northwestern edge of its range in northeastern Alberta. It's presence in Alberta was confirmed for the first time in 2012, when at least three adults were photographed in Fort McMurray, and the images forwarded to the University of Alberta or the Royal Alberta Museum. It is not uncommon throughout most of its range, and is not considered to be in need of protection in any jurisdiction. The discovery and reporting of Luna Moths at Fort McMurray in 2012 resulting in the Citizens of Fort McMurray being awarded the Alberta Lepidoptera Guild's ""Lepidoptera of the Year Award"", awarded each year for the most significant lepidoptera discovery of the year." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-Cyclicity 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "There is a single annual brood in Alberta, with adults in June and possibly early July." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-Distribution 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The Luna Moth is found throughout much the eastern hardwood forests of Canada and the USA. It extends west across Canada in the Boreal forest, barely reaching Alberta in the northeastern corner of the province, where at least three specimens were photographed in June of 2013." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-GeneralDescription 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "An unmistakable moth! A large (wingspan approximately 10 cm), bright green and yellow-green moth with a long, narrow tail trailing off each hindwing. Each wing also has a small but prominent eyespot, partially ringed with red-brown. Male antennae are broadly bipectinate, female antennae narrowly bipectinate. The body is clothed in fur-like yellow-brown scales." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-Habitat 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The Luna Moth is a denizen of mixedwood and hardwood forests, in Alberta most likely to be found in the northern Boreal forest where white birch is present." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-LifeCycle 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In Alberta adults appear and mate in June. The larvae feed through the summer until mature in late summer, then pupate in a papery cocoon for the winter. The mature larvae are large, fat-looking bright green caterpillars with a faint yellow lateral stripe and a narrow yellow band bordering each segment. There are several small scarlet dots in a band on each segment. Mature larvae are about 6.5 cm. in length." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38666-TrophicStrategy 38666 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Although the Luna is known to use a number of deciduous trees as hosts in eastern North America, birch is one of its most favored and white birch (Betula papyrifera) is the probable host in Alberta." 5/13/13 9:02 5/13/13 9:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-ConservationStatus 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-Cyclicity 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "June to October in British Columbia (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-Distribution 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Spans southern Canada from British Columbia to Newfoundland. Found as far south as Minnesota and New Jersey (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-GeneralDescription 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Half blue and half yellow stripes on lateral sides of thorax narrow or broken into spots as the scientific name suggests (see lateral image).Most other congeneric species (e.g. A. eremita and A. juncea) have more prominent and unbroken thoracic stripes (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-Habitat 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Lakes and ponds with vegetation and open water (Hutchings and Halstead, 2011)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-LifeCycle 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit on floating vegetation. Nymphs are aquatic predators among vegetation. Adults are terrestrial and hunt insects in flight (Cannings, 2002). Adults are capable of migrating in large numbers across long distances (Catling and Kostiuk, 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
22096-TrophicStrategy 22096 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Both adults and nymphs are predatory (Cannings, 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:43 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-ConservationStatus 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Common (Cannings, 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-Cyclicity 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "June to September in British Columbia (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-Distribution 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Circumpolar in boreal regions around the world (Hutchings and Halstead, 2011)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-GeneralDescription 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Blue and yellow stripes on lateral sides thorax are straight and broad (Figure 2). Similar in appearance to Subarctic Darners(A. subarctica) but differnt by having straight thoracic stripes (instead of slightly notched). Also somewhat similar to Variable Darners (A. interrupta) but different by having broader thoracic stripes. They are easily differentiated from other congeneric species by their thoracic stripe pattern (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-Habitat 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Lakes, ponds, fens, and sedge marshes (Paulson, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-LifeCycle 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females oviposit on floating vegetation. Nymphs are aquatic predators among vegetation and are mainly found in acidic waters. Adults are terrestrial and hunt insects in flight (Cannings, 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24208-TrophicStrategy 24208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Both adults and nymphs are predatory (Cannings, 2002)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 11:48 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-ConservationStatus 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Very widespread species in North America (Lung and Sommer 2001). 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-Cyclicity 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight season is from June to September or October (Paulson 2009). 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-Distribution 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Found from Newfoundland west to central Yukon; from southern Alaska south to central California, northern Taxes, and North Carolina (Catling 2007)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-GeneralDescription 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Approximately 3 cm red meadowhawk with reddish face, yellowish wing bases, and black legs. Black stripes are found on the lateral sides of abdomen. Males have red eyes whereas females have brownish red eyes. Immatures have yellowish face and yellowish brown body. Both the face and the body turn red as they reach maturity (Paulson 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-Habitat 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Shallow marshes that may dry up in summers (Paulson 2009) and grasslands (Cannings 2002). 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-LifeCycle 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Males creates small territories that are often close to other males' territories at dry grassy basins (Paulson 2009). The mating season recorded ranges from late July to mid August (Cannings and Cannings 1997). They mate in a wheel position often for an extended period of time. Oviposition can be either solo or in tandem (Paulson 2009), meaning the female’s head is grasped by male’s abdominal tip. The female drops her eggs on dried up pond basins or in wet lawns below knee height (Paulson 2009). Eggs hatches when the places are filled with water. Adults emerges between late June and late July (Cannings and Cannings 1997)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
28901-TrophicStrategy 28901 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Bottom dwelling aquatic nymphs feed on many small soft body arthropods and vertebrates in water. Terrestrial adults feed on many small flying insects such as diptera, flying ants and termites, or moths (Lung and Sommer 2001)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:12 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-ConservationStatus 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Very widespread species, especially in western North America (Lung and Sommer 2001)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-Cyclicity 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight season is from late June to mid September or October (Hutchings and Halstead 2011). 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-Distribution 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Found from Alaska to Newfoundland and Labrador, south to northern California and Wisconsin, as well as some parts of northern United States. It is also found in northern Europe and Eurasia (Paulson 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-GeneralDescription 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Approximately 3 centimeter meadowhawk with black and yellow patterns. Males are almost entirely black with few yellow stripes and have metallic face. Females have reddish-brown eyes with pale green colours. The thorax and abdomen is mostly yellow with black stripes on lateral sides and the costal veins on both wings are yellow. Immature adults are yellow with lighter black or brown patterns on thorax and abdomen, and will gradually turn darker as they become mature (Paulson 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-Habitat 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Mountain areas (Cannings 2002), bogs, fens, and marshes with dense vegetations (Paulson 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-LifeCycle 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults emerge around mid July to late August (Cannings and Cannings 1997). Unlike cherry-faced meadowhawks, the black meadowhawks are not territorial (Paulson 2009). The mating season is from August to early September (Cannings and Cannings 1997). Most of them mate away from the water, then come to water for oviposition in tandem by noon. Oviposition can happen either in tandem or alone. The female drop eggs from air into open water or on moss (Paulson 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30186-TrophicStrategy 30186 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Aquatic nymphs feed on many small soft body arthropods and vertebrates in water. Terrestrial flying adults feed on many small and soft bodied flying insects (Lung and Sommer 2001). 1/14/09 10:18 3/18/14 8:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-ConservationStatus 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not a concern. 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-Cyclicity 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Typically fly from late May through late August. 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-Distribution 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Commonly seen in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec as well as north eastern United States. (Needham, et. al. 2000)" 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-GeneralDescription 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Gomphus adelphus is similar in appearance to its close relatives, having greenish yellow and black bodies, and a stocky abdomen with segments 7, 8, and 9 enlarged. It is distinguished from other species by black borders completely surrounding a wide yellow frons and a black inverted triangle dividing the labrum. The eyes are separated dorsally on the head. Thin yellow stripe partially divides black lateral thoracic stripe along the carina. Majority of the abdomen is black, with a pale dorsal line narrowing on the middle segments and terminating somewhere on the distal three segments. Spotted lateral abdominal lines are also narrow, but widen on the enlarged segments. Males have black claspers on terminal segment. Females generally exhibit more yellow colour on the end of the abdomen and erect spines on the head behind the ocelli. Adults are usually no more than 46mm in length (Needham et. al. 2000)." 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-Habitat 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Low vegetation near freshwater lakes and rivers. 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-LifeCycle 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Terrestrial adults find mates near freshwater bodies during the summer months. The female will oviposit her eggs near the water where aquatic nymphs are able to enter the water once they emerge. A study on other Gomphus species reveal that June and July have the highest densities of larval emergence during the summer (Braccia et. al. 2007). As the nymphs develop, they will go through successive molts with up to 12 instars. The nymphs overwinter in diapause under the ice. After two years, the nymphs will emerge from the water and undergo the final larval molt, completing metamorphosis and becoming sexually mature winged adults." 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39059-TrophicStrategy 39059 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Much like other Gomphids, G. adelphus diet consists of, but is not limited to, other flying insects found near freshwater. Naiads will feed on other aquatic arthropod larvae as well as very small fish and amphibians." 1/9/14 8:26 4/2/14 14:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-ConservationStatus 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Due to their being an invasive species from Europe (Lesage and Majka 2009) and their widespread distribution, conservation efforts do not seem warranted." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-Cyclicity 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "April to October (Blatchley 1910), varying somewhat by region." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-Distribution 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Throughout Europe, western and central Asia, the United States, and Canada (Borowiec 2011, Islami and Nikbakhtzadeh 2009, and Lesage and Majk 2009). The Strickland collection includes specimens collected in the southern half of Alberta and Ontario." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-GeneralDescription 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Have fewer tiny depressions spread over the head and thorax compared to the elytra which are very punctate. They are 4-5 mm in length and are oblong oval in shape. Antennal bases, thoraces and legs red/orange (Blatchley 1910). Elytra and head are black, with a metallic blue or green sheen (Lesage and Majka 2009)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-Habitat 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Accoding to Blatchley (1910) the habitat of this species is ""... in yards and along pathways” and in cereal fields (Lesage and Majka 2009)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-LifeCycle 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "They may pupate in the soil, similar to G.cyanea . They may be multivoltine, similar to G. viridula." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39126-TrophicStrategy 39126 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Will eat cultivated buckwheat (Lesage and Majka 2009). They have been considered as a potential form of control for Rumex spp. (Piesk et al. 2011, Lesage and Majk 2009), Polygonum spp.(Blatchley 1910, Lesage and Majka 2009) and Fallopia spp. (Lesage and Majka 2009)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 14:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-ConservationStatus 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Is vulnerable to flooding, especially during the late instar larval stages (Whittaker et al. 1979)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-Cyclicity 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May to October (Whittaker et al. 1979). 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-Distribution 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "England (Whittaker et al. 1979). Throughout Europe, Asia, the United States (Borowiec 2011) and Canada. The Strickland collection includes specimens collected in the southern half of Alberta." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-GeneralDescription 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Beetles have green heads, elytra and legs with a metallic sheen. Species in the Strickland collection match descriptions of other members of the genus that are 4-5 mm in length and are oval oblong in shape. Females are larger than males. Their elytra are heavily punctate, similar to G. polygoni ." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-Habitat 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Hay fields, preferring homogenized host environments (Smith and Whittaker 1980)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-LifeCycle 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This species is multivoltine and overwinter as adults (Whittaker et al. 1979). Adults do not appear to fly, but move strictly by walking (Whittaker et al. 1979). Sex ratios in this species are biased, with twice as many males as females, likely promoting competition among males for mates (Voight et al. 2010)." 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39127-TrophicStrategy 39127 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Ideal host plant was Rumex obtusifolius; feeding on R. acetosa leads to slowed development and fewer eggs oviposited (Voight et al. 2010 and Smith and Whittaker 1980). 3/4/14 11:44 4/1/14 15:03 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-ConservationStatus 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Very widespread species in North America (Lung and Sommer 2001). 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-Cyclicity 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Flight season is between mid June to mid October in western Canada (Cannings 2002). 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-Distribution 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Rare in northeastern North America. This species ranges from British Columbia east to Ontario and Nova Scotia, and from southern Northwest Territories south to Kentucky, Virginia, and Maryland (Paulson 2009)." 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-GeneralDescription 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Approximately 3 centimeter meadowhawk with white face, black abdominal patterns, and black legs. Males have reddish-brown eyes and red abdomen with black triangle patterns. The thorax is brown, but sometimes may look paler on the lateral sides. The legs are reddish black. Females reddish brown and pale green colours on their eyes and pale yellow on face. The colour of the thorax is brown, darker at the front and lighter on the sides. The abdomen is also brown, but has black patterns (Paulson 2009)." 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-Habitat 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Marshes, bogs, fens that may or may not dry up in summers (Paulson 2009); forest areas (Cannings 2002)." 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-LifeCycle 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The process of mating is in a wheel position often for an extended period of time. Oviposition can happen alone or in tandem. After mating, the male may release the female and both land. During oviposition, the male will guard around her, whereas the female will either fly up to drop eggs or just perch to lay eggs into shallow water. The eggs then overwinter and hatch in the spring (Paulson 2009). The adults emerge in the evening (Lung and Sommer 2001) when the flight season begins." 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39140-TrophicStrategy 39140 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Bottom dwelling aquatic nymphs feed on many small soft body arthropods and vertebrates in water. Terrestrial adults feed on many small soft-bodied flying insects (Lung and Sommer 2001). 3/5/14 14:30 2/27/15 14:16 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-ConservationStatus 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Common. 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-Cyclicity 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Late May to late July. 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-Distribution 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Alaska and Yukon east to northwestern Ontario south to Minnesota, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, Montana, Colorado, Utah. Southernmost locality the Uinta mountains of Utah, only located in 2 locations in Alberta. (ABMI, 2012)" 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-GeneralDescription 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are small (35-40 mm) with a dark brown or red and black body and conspicuously white face. Characteristic of the family Libellulidae, the eyes are broadly contiguous, the wings are held wide open when perched, and the anal loop of the hindwing is distinctive (foot-shaped, with a well-developed toe). Like all Leucorrhinia species, the face is white, but L. borealis can be distinguished byreddish-gold shield-like spots on the top of most abdominal segments, and the spot on the 7th abdominal segment is longer than wide and extends to the end of the segment (Paulson 2007).\nLeucorrhinia larvae are small, smooth and greenish in appearance with brownish markings (Bright 1998). The following characters distinguish Libellulidae: prementum and palpal lobes cup-shaped (as opposed to flat), palpal lobe with small, regular teeth (as opposed to large, irregular teeth), head without erect, frontal horn, ventral surface of prementum without a basal, median groove. The following characters distinguish Leucorrhinia: paraprocts variable but not strongly decurved, eyes somewhat large with convergent margins of head behind eyes (as opposed to small eyes with nearly parallel head margins), distinct middorsal hook absent on segment IX and present on segment VIII, posterolateral spines of abdominal segment VIII shorter (as opposed to longer) than middorsal length of segment (Tennessen 2007). Species identification is difficult for a non-expert." 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-Habitat 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Common in bogs and marshes with floating vegetation. This species may prefer deep-water sedge meadows, even though they are often found in sedge marshes. The larvae are often found lurking in vegetation or bottom debris to ambush prey. Adults can occasionally be found in large numbers, perching on the bark of light-colored trees." 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-LifeCycle 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adult flight period varies with region. The flight period of a single adult is relatively short, lasting one week to perhaps more than a month. The majority of the dragonfly life cycle is spent as an aquatic larva, which is also the overwintering life-stage of this species. Depending on conditions, individuals may spend more than one winter as larvae, although this may be unlikely since their shallow marsh habitats often dry up. Upon emergence from the larval stage, young adults (tenerals) may wander for a time before returning to their larval site or another suitable area to mate. Some adults will usually be present at locations where the species reproduces. NatureServe (2008) designates sightings more than 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) apart as separate populations, but little is known about their dispersal and colonization ability. Their strong flying ability makes them able to be good colonists, and reach sites a few kilometers apart." 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39141-TrophicStrategy 39141 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae feed on aquatic animals, including invertebrates and possibly small vertebrates, while adults feed on flying insects (Merritt et al. 2008)." 3/6/14 9:02 3/6/14 14:10 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-Cyclicity 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May to August. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-Distribution 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Only recorded from one location in the northeastern part of Alberta. (ABMI,2012)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-GeneralDescription 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Hudsonian Whiteface has a length of 27 to 30 mm. Male dragonflies are black and marked with red on the thorax and the abdomen with pointed spots on one end that form a line in the top side of the abdomen. The female is a dark brownish color and marked similarly to the male except the markings are yellow instead of black. Both sexes have creamy white faces.\nThe naiad of the Hudsonian Whiteface has a length of 16 to 18 mm. Its abdomen is rounded, which gives it a short, stocky appearance known as the sprawler form. Naiads are brown with three dark stripes marking the length below the abdomen. In some cases, there are tiny hooks on abdominal segments three through six. Every side of abdominal segments eight and nine has a spine that points out away from the abdomen." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-Habitat 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Cold boggy or marshy ponds. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-LifeCycle 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The immatures of these dragonflies live in underwater vegetation. They are opportunistic predators and wait for their prey. Immatureschange to adults at night. Many records of this species is sparse, adults are believed to fly from late May to mid-August. They also fly at different times. The hunting occurs from the shoreline vegetation, where this species perches.\nAfter mating, a male guards a female to prevent other males from mating with her. He does this by flying above her while she laying her eggs. It drives away other potential mates or maybe dragonflies of other species.The female lays her eggs by dipping the tip of her abdomen in the water while hovering above the surface." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21422-TrophicStrategy 21422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The adult dragonflies feed on any soft-bodied flying insect. The naiads feed on larvae and freshwater shrimp. They sometimes eat small fish and tadpoles. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-ConservationStatus 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Quite common. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-Cyclicity 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Spring through summer. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-Distribution 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is common in southern Canada and United States, except for the southern United States.Present in 9 locations in northeastern Alberta. (ABMI, 2012)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-GeneralDescription 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Males have white faces and a single yellow dorsal dot on the 7th segment of the abdomen. The immature has a yellow marking on the thorax. The female has yellow markings on the abdomen with the same prominent, square dorsal spot on the 7th segment, which is often truncated into a trapezoid. The body varies from 1.1 to 1.3 inches in length. Larvae possess conspicuous epi-cranial protuberances on the frons or vertex." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-Habitat 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Common around vegetated ponds and lakes, backwaters and ponds." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-LifeCycle 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The immatures live in submerged vegetation. They do not actively pursue prey but wait for it to pass by, a protection strategy. Adults generally fly from early June to early August and emerge at night. This species prefers warmer habitats than most Whitefaces, and is often found sitting on lily pads in heavily vegetated ponds. It hunts from perches on shoreline vegetation.\nAfter mating, a male will actively guard a female with whom he has mated by flying above her while she lays her eggs to prevent others from mating her. The female lays her eggs by dipping the tip of her abdomen in the water while hovering just above its surface.Females will oviposit preferentially in shallow water areas above vegetation, to increase the egg-hatching rate." 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
30322-TrophicStrategy 30322 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Immatures feed on a wide variety of aquatic larvae and shrimp. They will also eat small fish and tadpoles.The dragonfly adult will eat almost any soft-bodied flying insect. 1/14/09 10:18 3/7/14 10:18 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-ConservationStatus 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-Cyclicity 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult may be seen from June to September with peak activities in July and August (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-Distribution 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "These beetles may be found in Alberta and British Columbia, as well as parts of western USA (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-GeneralDescription 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are around 3.3 - 4.3mm in length (Bright 1976). The body is generally black or reddish brown. In both males and females, the second sternite is produced anteriorly (weaker in the females) and only the males have an acute tubercle on the posterior margin of the 2nd sternite (Bright 1976, LaBonte et. al. 2003)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-Habitat 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Adults may be found on white firs (Abies concolor (Gord and Glend)), douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga spp.), spruce (Picea spp.), and hemlocks (Tsuga spp.). Larvae and pupae will be found in the trunk/bark of these trees." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-LifeCycle 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females will create galleries with help from the males and may lay from 57 to 260 eggs. Upon hatching, the larvae will feed on wood tissue, moving at right angles from the galleries. Developmental time of larvae will vary depending on environmental conditions. Typically, development will take a shorter time at low elevations or in warmer climates. Pupation often occurs in the bark (Bright 1976). Overwintering behavior may be carried out by both adults and larvae (Bright 1976). Depending on localities and conditions, number of generations produced in a single may vary. In extreme cases, a complete life cycle may require 2 years (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33857-TrophicStrategy 33857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults will generally attack an individual branch, causing death in said limb, but may also target any parts of the host trees (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-ConservationStatus 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-Cyclicity 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults emerge from late June to August, but some adults have been noted to have emerged in May (possibly due to favourable developmental conditions)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-Distribution 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Scolytus unispinosus may be found mostly in southern British Columbia and Alberta, as well are the western parts of the USA (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-GeneralDescription 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult beetles are 2.6 to 3.5 mm long with black stout bodies (Bright 1976). In both males and females, the abdominal sternite is not concaved, but rather ascends vertically to meet the elytra (which extend over the abdomen) (Bright 1976). A median tubercle may be found on the 2nd sternite and the base of the tubercle is joined with the posterior margin of sternite 2 (Bright 1976, LaBonte et. al. 2003)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-Habitat 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat These beetles mostly target Pseudotsuga spp. (Douglas-firs) but may also be found on Abies spp. (firs) (Bright 1976). They are most commonly found in brightly lit sections of the trees and also where the bark layer is relatively thin. 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-LifeCycle 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females will create galleries in the wood and may lay up to 60 eggs in each gallery. Upon hatching in mid-June to July, the larvae will feed on the wood of host trees, creating feeding galleries that extend from the parental galleries (Bright 1976). Pupation occurs just below the bark. This species of bark beetle will overwinter and only one generation is produced in a single year (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33858-TrophicStrategy 33858 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adult S. unispinosus will attack tree limbs that are in brightly-lit areas and where bark layer is thin. As a result, these beetles generally target smaller branches or twigs. Larvae will feed on woody tissue in the host trees." 1/29/10 10:46 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-ConservationStatus 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-Cyclicity 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adult S. tsugae may usually present from May to early September, with peak activity late June and July (McMullen & Atkins 1959, Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-Distribution 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution These beetles may be found along the western coast of Canada and Rocky Mountain region in Canada (McMullen & Atkins 1959). They may also be found in western U.S.A. (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-GeneralDescription 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The adults of these beetles may be 2.8 to 3.5 m long, with a black body (Bright 1976). In males, the frons is generally flat or slightly convex with course articulation. Females, on the other hand, have frons that is convex with finer articulation (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-Habitat 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Adults may be found most commonly around and on host trees while larvae are always found in tree trunks in galleries (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-LifeCycle 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This species of bark beetles overwinter as larvae (specifically as forth instars) (Bright 1976, McMullen & Atkins 1959). Pupation occurs in the spring in the bark of host trees and adults usually emerge in June and July (Bright 1976, McMullen & Atkins 1959). Egg galleries and oviposition occurs in June and eggs will hatch within 9 to 12 days (McMullen & Atkins 1959). There is only one generation per year (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33860-TrophicStrategy 33860 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy These beetles tend to infect mostly hemlocks (Tsuga spp.). They may also target firs (Abies spp.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziusii). They feed mostly on dying branches and twigs on the ground around host trees. Larvae feed on the wood of trees (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:47 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-ConservationStatus 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Of concern, populations appear to be declining (Grixti et al. 2009)." 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-Cyclicity 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Among the latest of Bombus species to emerge from hibernation and establish nests in spring (Hobbs 1966). 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-Distribution 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western and eastern neartic regions (Williams 1998). 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-GeneralDescription 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus borealis belongs to the subgenus Subterraneobombus in which females can be distinguished by small ocelli at the supraorbital line (Thorp et al. 1983), while males can be distinguished by spoon-shaped penis valvesthat are turned inwardsas well as the presence of a raised longitudinal keel posteriorly on sternum 6 (Williams et al. 2008)B. borealis individuals have white pile on the face between the eyes;the fifth antennal segment is longer than the fourth or third;the first four abdominal segments are covered with yellow pile, while the remaining segments are black;and the outer surface of the male hind tibia is concave (Franklin 1912). \nThe length of the queen varies from 15 mm to 19 mm; her wing spread from 32 mm to 39 mm; and the width of the second abdominal segment 8 mm to 9.5 mm. Workers vary in length from 10 mm to 15 mm; in wing spread from 26 mm to 32 mm; and in width of the second abdominal segment from 6.5 mm to 8 mm. Males range in length from 12 mm to 15 mm; in wing spread from 26 mm to 31 mm; and in width of second abdominal segment from 6 mm to 7.5 mm (Franklin 1912)." 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-Habitat 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Prairie habitats with surface and underground nests (Hobbs 1966). 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-LifeCycle 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Alford (1975) outlines the life history of Bombus borealis. Newly mated B. borealis queens overwinter beneath the soil litter and emerge from their hibernacula in late spring. Queens are transitory for a time, growing in size while collecting pollen and looking for a suitable nest. Once a suitable nest has been found, the queen constructs an apple sized hollow structure within it. The queen deposits her eggs within a mound of pollen on the floor of the structure; she also constructs a honeypot for storing nectar. Newly hatched larvae begin consuming the pollen mound, requiring the queen to continue provisioning it. The queen periodically incubates her brood by sitting upon it and respiring to generate body heat. The larvae spin cocoons in the final instars, as do the pupa; the cocoons may be re-used later for storage of pollen or nectar. Upon pupation, the emerged adults take nectar from the honey pot. Once the nest consists of the new young workers and the queen it can be considered a social unit and is referred to as a colony. Subsequent generations are produced differently from the first: new eggs are laid in clumps in cells atop the pupating first generation of workers, and workers are now responsible for provisioning of the growing larva and the honey pot. The caste differentiation of each generation varies throughout the year, with the first generations containing all workers, followed by a worker/male split, followed by mostly males, followed by a male/queen split, followed by mostly queens. The factor initiating queen production has not been established but it appears the colony must reach a size capable of maintaining nest temperatures and food stores before queens are produced. Young queens remain in the colony and will mate during their first week. Males leave the hive and do not return; they establish a methodical flight path and mate with encountered queens. Hobbs (1966) reported that males of B. borealis will attempt to mate with queens in the nest, a behaviour seen in select other Bombus subgenera. Only the newly mated queens will overwinter in hibernacula; males, founder queens, and all workers perish." 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38253-TrophicStrategy 38253 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Largely unknown; queens have been observed foraging on wild licorice, Glycyrrhizalepidotaof the family Leguminosae (Hobbs 1966)." 3/15/12 8:39 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-ConservationStatus 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Of concern, populations appear to be in decline (Colla and Packer 2008)." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-Cyclicity 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Males are found flying from early July to early October, workers from early May to late October, and queens from early April to late October (Thorp et al. 1983)." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-Distribution 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western, southern and eastern neartic regions (Williams 1998)." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-GeneralDescription 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females of the subgenus Fervidobombus have ocelli onthe supraorbital line, and first flagellomere that are shorter than the second and third flagellomeres combined; males have can be distinguished by first flagellomere that are shorter than the third flagellomere and apically turned penis valves (Thorp et al. 1983). Bombus fervidus males have dorsal abdominal segments 1-5 covered with yellow pile with segment 6 covered with black pile; females have dorsal abdominal segments 1-4 covered with yellow pile while segments 5 and 6 have black pile (Franklin 1912). Female wings are darker stained than males; the malar space of both sexes is one-third the length of the eye (Franklin 1912). Bombus fervidus is easily confused with B. californicus, but can be distinguished by yellow pile on the scutellum, thoracic pleura, and metasomaltergites 1-3, while B. californicus has black pile in these areas (Thorp et al. 1983). Franklin (1912) gives the following morphological indices for castes of B. fervidus. Queens range in length from 15 mm to 21 mm; wing spread from 37 mm to 41 mm; and width of second abdominal segment from 8.5 mm to 10.5 mm. Workers vary in length from 8 mm to 15 mm; wing spread from 17 mm to 35 mm; and width of second abdominal segment from 3.5 mm to 8 mm. Length of males ranges from 10 mm to 16 mm; wing spread from 25 mm to 33 mm; and width of second abdominal segment from 6 mm to 8 mm." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-Habitat 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Commonly found in prairie habitats with considerable adaptability in nesting location (Hobbs 1966). 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-LifeCycle 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Alford (1975) outlines the life history of Bombus fervidus. Newly mated B. fervidus queens overwinter beneath the soil litter and emerge from their hibernacula in late spring. Queens are transitory for a time, growing in size while collecting pollen and looking for a suitable nest. Once a suitable nest has been found, the queen constructs an apple sized hollow structure within it. The queen deposits her eggs within a mound of pollen on the floor of the structure; she also constructs a honeypot for storing nectar. Newly hatched larvae begin consuming the pollen mound, requiring the queen to continue provisioning it. The queen periodically incubates her brood by sitting upon it and respiring to generate body heat. The larvae spin cocoons in the final instars, as do the pupa; the cocoons may be re-used later for storage of pollen or nectar. Upon pupation, the emerged adults take nectar from the honey pot. Once the nest consists of the new young workers and the queen it can be considered a social unit and is referred to as a colony. Subsequent generations are produced differently from the first: new eggs are laid in clumps in cells atop the pupating first generation of workers, and workers are now responsible for provisioning of the growing larva and the honey pot. The caste differentiation of each generation varies throughout the year, with the first generations containing all workers, followed by a worker/male split, followed by mostly males, followed by a male/queen split, followed by mostly queens. The factor initiating queen production has not been established but it appears the colony must reach a size capable of maintaining nest temperatures and food stores before queens are produced. Young queens remain in the colony and will mate during their first week. Males leave the hive and do not return; they establish a methodical flight path and mate with encountered queens. Only the newly mated queens will overwinter in hibernacula; males, founder queens, and all workers perish. \nBombus fervidus queens required an average 27 days to produce the first generation of workers, and summer colonies consisted of an average 247 individuals (Hobbs 1966)." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38254-TrophicStrategy 38254 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Bombus fervidus has been recorded in California foraging on 15 plant families with 34 genera, with the largest proportion being Leguminosae and Compositae (Thorp et al. 1983)." 3/15/12 8:46 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-ConservationStatus 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown. 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-Cyclicity 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Queens may be seen flying from late March to late October; males from late April to late September (Thorp et al. 1983). 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-Distribution 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Western and eastern neartic regions (Williams 1998). 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-GeneralDescription 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus insularis belongs to the subgenus Psithyrus which was historically treated as a separate genus from the rest of the Bombus due to its parasitic lifestyle (Alford 1975). Michener (2000) considers all species formerly treated as Psithyrus to be Bombus. Psithyrusis a parasitic subgenus, and all species lack a worker caste, cannot produce wax, have a stronger exoskeleton, and have no pollen baskets (Alford 1975). Psithyrus males can be distinguished by an almost straight penis valve shaped like an arrow head; the hind tibia of Psithyrus queens is convex with a hairy outer surface (Williams 2008). Bombus insularis queens have yellow pile covering the mesopleura to the base of legs, dark venter, fourth antennal segments that are much shorter than the third or the fifth, and moderately stained wings (Franklin 1912). Bombus insularis can be distinguished from the closely related Bombus fernaldae by the presence of yellow hair between the antennal bases (Thorp et al. 1983). Queens vary in length from 13.5 mm to 18 mm; in wingspan from 32 mm to 38 mm; and in width of second abdominal segment from 7 mm to 9 mm (Franklin 1912)." 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-Habitat 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Found in a wide range of habitats due to its parasitic lifestyle (Alford 1975). 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-LifeCycle 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Bombus insularis is a cleptoparasite of the nests of other Bombus species. Bombus insularis parasitizes at least 6 other Bombus subgenera (Thorp et al. 1983), an unusually large host range for the Psithyrus subgenus which normally specializes in a single subgenus (Alford 1975). Alford (1975) reviews the life history of B. insularis. Queens of B. insularis emerge later in spring than other Bombus queens and forage on pollen and nectar until a suitable nest to invade is found. Mature nests that were founded earlier in the year appear to be preferred, although entrance to the colony is normally easier if the colony is smaller. The queen enters the nest and will remain motionless with legs drawn in close if she is attacked. Upona successful entrance, the queen will hide for a short time, presumably to acquire the odor of the colony to avoid further attacks by workers. Sometimes B. insularis queens will kill the host queens, but often they are able to cohabitate. She will then construct her own egg cells and quickly lay eggs, sometimes feeding on the host brood. Her eggs and larva are reared by the host workers alongside the host brood. The newly emerged queens and males will immediately leave the nest to acquire mates. The B. insularis queen will then leave and seek out other nests to parasitize." 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38255-TrophicStrategy 38255 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Bombus insularis were observed foraging on 16 plant families with 30 genera in California. The predominant families fed upon were Compositae, Rosaceae, Ericaceae, and Polygonaceae (Thorp et al. 1983)." 3/15/12 9:01 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-ConservationStatus 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Unknown. 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-Cyclicity 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Queens found flying from early April to late September, males from early July to late August, and workers from late May to late September (Thorp et al. 1983)." 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-Distribution 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Western nearctic region, eastern neartic border (Williams 1998)" 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-GeneralDescription 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Bombus nevadensis belongs to the subgenus Bombias in which females have large ocelli well below the supraorbital line and malar space longer than wide; males have protuberant compound eyes, convergent above, with straight penis valves (Thorp et al. 1983). Both sexes of Bombias are further distinguished by hind tibia with a fringe of very short hairs (Williams 2008). Bombus nevadensis females have head and pleura covered with black pile, while the face and pleura of males have yellow pile. The dorsal side of the first three abdominal segments is covered with yellow pile, while the rest are covered with black pile in both sexes (Franklin 1912). The only close ally in the western hemisphere, Bombus auricomus, can be distinguished by a broad black interalar band on females and by apical abdominal segments with black pile on males. \nBombus nevadensis are large bumble bees with queens varying in length from 18 mm to 22 mm; in wing spread from 42 mm to 48 mm; and in width of second abdominal segment from 9.5 mm. Workers range in length from 15 mm to 18 mm; in wing spread from 38 mm to 42 mm; and width of second abdominal segment from 9 mm to 9.5 mm. The length of males varies from 13 mm to 17 mm; wing spread from 32 mm to 37 mm and the width of the second abdominal segment from 7 mm to 8.5 mm." 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-Habitat 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Distributed in prairie and woodland habitats, nests primarily underground (Hobbs 1965)." 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-LifeCycle 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Alford (1975) outlines the life history of Bombus nevadensis. Newly mated B. nevadensis queens overwinter beneath the soil litter and emerge from their hibernacula in late spring. Queens are transitory for a time, growing in size while collecting pollen and looking for a suitable nest. Once a suitable nest has been found, the queen constructs an apple sized hollow structure within it. The queen deposits her eggs in parallel rows within a mound of pollen on the floor of the structure; she also constructs a honeypot for storing nectar. Newly hatched larvae begin consuming the pollen mound, requiring the queen to continue provisioning it. The queen periodically incubates her brood by sitting upon it and respiring to generate body heat. The larvae spin cocoons in the final instars, as do the pupa; the cocoons may be re-used later for storage of pollen or nectar. Upon pupation, the emerged adults take nectar from the honey pot. Once the nest consists of the new young workers and the queen it can be considered a social unit and is referred to as a colony. Species of the subgenus Bombias are unique as the eggs for subsequent generations are laid singly (rather than in clumps) in cells atop the pupating first generation of workers. The new generation of workers are now responsible for provisioning of the growing larva and the honey pot. The caste differentiation of each generation varies throughout the year, with the first generations containing all workers, followed by a worker/male split, followed by mostly males, followed by a male/queen split, followed by mostly queens. The factor initiating queen production has not been established but it appears the colony must reach a size capable of maintaining nest temperatures and food stores before queens are produced. Young queens remain in the colony and will mate during their first week. Males leave the hive and do not return; they establish a methodical flight path and mate with encountered queens. Only the newly mated queens will overwinter in hibernacula; males, founder queens, and all workers perish. \nBombus nevadensis queens required an average 30.5 days to produce the first brood which had an average 12.4 larvae (Hobbs 1965)." 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38256-TrophicStrategy 38256 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Bombus nevadensis was reported in California foraging on 7 plant families with 15 genera; most of the diet was from the families Leguminosae, Compositae, Saxifragaceae and Labiatae (Thorp et al. 1983)." 3/15/12 9:11 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-ConservationStatus 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Of concern, populations rapidly declining (Colla and Packer 2008, Grixti et al. 2009)." 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-Cyclicity 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Among the earliest bumblebees to emerge and establish nests in spring (Hobbs 1968). 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-Distribution 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution Eastern nearctic region (Williams 1998). 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-GeneralDescription 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Females of the subgenus Bombus s. str. can be distinguished by ocelli on the superorbital line, and flagellomere one being equal in length to flagellomere three. Bombus s.str. males can be distinguished by non-protuberant compound eyes, short antennae, and penis valves that form a wide vertical plate (Thorp et al. 1983). Bombus terricola have abdominal segments 1 and 4-6 covered with black pile while segments 2-3 are covered with yellow pile; the malar space is one-fifth to one-sixth the length of the eye(Franklin 1912). Bombus terricola can be distinguished from its close ally Bombus occidentalis nigroscutatus by the presence of yellow pile on the second abdominal segment (Franklin 1912). \nFranklin (1912) describes the queen as varying in length from 15 mm to 18 mm; in wing spread from 37 mm to 40 mm; and in width of second abdominal segment from 10 mm to 10.5 mm. Workers range in length from 10 mm to 14 mm; in wing spread from 26 mm to 33 mm; and in width of second abdominal segment from 5 mm to 8 mm. The length of males varies from 11 mm to 15 mm; wing spread from 27 mm to 33 mm; and the width of second abdominal segment from 6.5 mm to 8 mm." 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-Habitat 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Areas with dense vegetation, nests are underground with downward sloping entrances (Hobbs 1968)." 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-LifeCycle 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Alford (1975) outlines the life history of Bombus terricola. Newly mated B. terricola queens overwinter beneath the soil litter and emerge from their hibernacula in late spring. Queens are transitory for a time, growing in size while collecting pollen and looking for a suitable nest. Once a suitable nest has been found, the queen constructs an apple sized hollow structure within it. The queen deposits her eggs within a mound of pollen on the floor of the structure; she also constructs a honeypot for storing nectar. Newly hatched larvae begin consuming the pollen mound, requiring the queen to continue provisioning it. The queen periodically incubates her brood by sitting upon it and respiring to generate body heat. The larvae spin cocoons in the final instars, as do the pupa; the cocoons may be re-used later for storage of pollen or nectar. Upon pupation, the emerged adults take nectar from the honey pot. Once the nest consists of the new young workers and the queen it can be considered a social unit and is referred to as a colony. Subsequent generations are produced differently from the first: new eggs are laid in clumps in cells atop the pupating first generation of workers, and workers are now responsible for provisioning of the growing larva and the honey pot. The caste differentiation of each generation varies throughout the year, with the first generations containing all workers, followed by a worker/male split, followed by mostly males, followed by a male/queen split, followed by mostly queens. The factor initiating queen production has not been established but it appears the colony must reach a size capable of maintaining nest temperatures and food stores before queens are produced. Young queens remain in the colony and will mate during their first week. Males leave the hive and do not return; they establish a methodical flight path and mate with encountered queens. Only the newly mated queens will overwinter in hibernacula; males, founder queens, and all workers perish." 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38257-TrophicStrategy 38257 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Have been observed foraging upon milkweed and dogbane species of the family Apocynaceae (Plowright and Plowright 1998). 3/15/12 9:21 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-ConservationStatus 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is common and this is not reported in vulnerability status. 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-Cyclicity 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity The colony starts in late April or May and decline in late September or October and the nest remain from spring to fall. 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-Distribution 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species is restricted to western of North America from Canada to United States. In Canada the species is distributed from central British Columbia to south and east in southern Alberta. In United States this species ranging from Seattle to Arizona. Alberta: Lethbridge, Medicine Lake, Pincher, Waterton. British Columbia: Crankbrook, Fairview, Kamloops, Merrit, Oliver, Penticton, Summerland, Vernon. United States: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming (GBIF 2011, Miller 1961)." 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-GeneralDescription 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is black with yellow markings; size between 10 mm and 15 mm. Head: the malar space is below than half as long as the penultimate antennal segment; the occipital carina is incomplete; the ventral part of the scape is yellow opposite the dorsal part of the scape is black. Metasoma: the metasomal tergites are covered with long straight hairs; the central black region of the apex of the second gastral tergum is pointed; male aedeagus with saddle-shaped portion. In some locations the male exhibits two different abdominal color patterns: a xanthic phase with more black than yellow and a melanic phase with more yellow than black (Miller 1961, VanDyk 2003)." 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-Habitat 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Neartic species limited to northern region in prairies and grasslands. This species is less abundant in dense forests. 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-LifeCycle 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Prairie Yellowjacket is a social species with annual colonies. In later April or early May the queens emerge from diapauses and them looking for nesting places, generally they fly 20 cm above the ground; most queens begin the nest in deserted rodent burrows (Akre et al. 1976). The successful queen burrows about 10-30 cm underground, aerial nest are uncommon. The queen adds cells inside the nest, she lays eggs and takes care of the larvae, the first workers emerge in early June and the queen doesn’t leave the nest again. The workers search food and fibers, care the larvae, clean the cells, feed the queen, the larvae and the males, they exhibit trophallaxis, mauling and ovoposition behavior, and also they protect the colony (Akre et al. 1976). The average of lifespan of a worker is 48 days. The males emerge in mid August, finally the colony decline in September. For the workers the life cycle is completed in approximately 75 days, the queens live more than 5 months. Inside the nest the pupal parasite Sphecophaga vesparum, affect adversely the development of young colonies, S. vesparum may destroy new colonies or retard the normal growth of the colony, the Prairie Yellowjackets workers tend to ignore S. vesparum even if they touch them with the comb (MacDonald et al. 1975, Akre et al. 1976)" 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38259-TrophicStrategy 38259 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "They feed regularly on live prey. They are mostly predators of spiders, harvestmen, caterpillars, flies, hemipterans, soft beetles, butterflies, moths and other bugs, however, this species avoid crickets and slugs. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They also feed of flower nectar or sweet substances (Akre et al. 1976)." 3/15/12 9:29 3/6/14 22:00 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-ConservationStatus 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently of any concern. 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-Cyclicity 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults may be found from June to September. 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-Distribution 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Southern British Columbia east to Manitoba, south to Louisiana & New Mexico, and Mexico (Manley and Pitts 2007)." 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-GeneralDescription 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "These wasps are antlike in appearance (Manley and Pitts 2002). Compound eyes somewhat hemispherical. Felt line only present on tergite II. Females: 6-19 mm long and wingless (Williams and Pitts 2013). Setae not plumose (Manley and Pitts 2002). Colour of head and mesosomal integument uniform, ranging from black to reddish-brown (Williams et. al. 2013). Colour of dorsal mesosomal setae also typically uniform. Colour of propodeal, pronotal, and mesonotal setae uniform. Head narrower than pronotum and lacking tubercles posteriorly. Mandibles apically bidentate and nearly straight. Mesonotum rounded laterally. Mesosoma elongate with prominent scutellar scale and raised transverse carina anteriorly. Pygidium with at least 15 narrow grooves. Males: 8-20 mm long and winged. Colour of tergite 2 with yellow to orange areas or entirely reddish-brown. Setal colour of tergites 3-7 uniform, black or orange. Setae of legs, mesonomal pleurae, and propodeum entirely black. Clypeus somewhat bidentate anteriorly with transverse lamella connecting teeth. Mandibles lack notches ventrally (Manley and Pitts 2002). Wing venation normal with a sclerotized pterostigma. Axilla prominent and truncate posteriorly (Manley and Pitts 2002; Williams et. al., 2013). Notauli absent. Tegulae lack pubescence posteriorly (Williams et. al., 2013). Mesopleuron rounded. Two spurs present on mesotibia (Manley and Pitts 2002). Setae on apical end of pygidium (Williams et. al., 2013). Cuspis curves downward and has dense setae ventrally and laterally." 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-Habitat 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid sandy regions. 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-LifeCycle 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Solitary ectoparasites of ground-dwelling wasps and bees (Mickel 1928). Adult females enter host nests and deposit eggs into diapausing larvae or pupae (Arneson and Pitts 2003). The parasitic larvae then consume the entire host before entering the prepupal stage (Mickel 1928). The size of adults is believed to depend directly on the size of the host larva. Thus, host availability may be the cause of geographic, seasonal, and annual size differences (Deyrup and Manley 1986). Also, females may determine whether to release or withhold sperm upon oviposition depending on host size. As they search for hosts, adult females build new retreats daily (VanderSal 2008). Adults are inactive midday when temperatures are highest (Mickel 1928); however, females have a higher tolerance to high temperatures than males. This is likely due to their reduced mobility. Adult females are reputed to have a very painful sting." 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39064-TrophicStrategy 39064 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Currently known larval hosts: Bembecinius quinquespinosus (Say), Bembix americana spinolae Lepeletier, Bembix amoena Handlirsch, Bembix pruinosa Fox, Bembix sayi Cresson, Bembix texana Cresson, and Microbembex monodonta (Say) (Williams and Pitts 2013). It is speculated that adult females eat nectar and larvae from host nests (Brothers 1989)." 1/10/14 8:12 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-ConservationStatus 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is common and this is not reported in vulnerability status (Klinkenberg 2010). 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-Cyclicity 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Colonies are annual and short lived. Queens choose the nest between April and May. The colony decline in mid September. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-Distribution 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This Nearctic species is widely distributed throughout Canada and Boreal region of North America but not reaching Alaska. In Canada this species is present in all states and territories excluding Nunavut. In United States the species is from northern to south of California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, North Dakota, Utah and Wisconsin (GBIF 2011, Buck et al. 2008, Miller 1961)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-GeneralDescription 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is black with white, ivory or pale yellow markings. The Blackjacket resemble to Baldfaced Hornet and the Northern Yellowjacket, but V. consobrina has no ferruginous markings on abdominal terga 1 and 2. In average the queen size 17 mm, males 15 mm and workers 11 mm. Head: The malar space is below than half as long as the penultimate antennal segment; scape with pale anterior mark; the occipital carina is incomplete; black clypeal mark of female free or extending to clypeus dorsal margin; black clypeal mark of male extending to ventral margin, rarely free; ivory, white or pale yellow strip along inner orbit ending close apex of ocular sinus. Metasoma: the metasomal tergites are covered with long straight hairs; with white or pale yellow bands on metasomal segments; apical fascia on metasomal tergite 1 evanescent or absent; queens have straight fascie on metasomal tergite 4 and 5; male aedeagus with saddle-shaped portion. Xanthic queens with free black discal spots on terga 4 and 5 and linked spots on tergum 2 (Buck et al. 2008, Miller 1961)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-Habitat 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Nearctic species restricted to northern region in open Boreal forests, prairies, suburban lawns and pastures." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-LifeCycle 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Blackjacket is a social species with annual colonies. Nests mostly are subterranean building in rodent burrows, also in rotten logs, rock cavities or hollow walls, however, the nests are aerial in some cases and they are built in dark and enclosed places. The colonies are small with less than 100 workers in average. The queen burrows about 10-30 cm underground and she adds cells inside the nest, she lays eggs and takes care of the larvae, the first workers emerge from mid to late June. The workers search food and fibers, help with the colony thermoregulation, care the larvae, clean the cells, feed the queen, the larvae and the males, they exhibit trophallaxis, mauling and ovoposition behavior, and also they protect the colony. The average of lifespan of a worker is 14 days. The males emerge in late July or early August before the emergence of the new queens, finally the colony decline in early September. The parasite Sphecopha vesparum burra is uncommon in the nest of Vespula consobrina, because, the workers are easily disturbed and they tend to inspect all the nest trespassers and they kill them (Akre et al.1982)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34536-TrophicStrategy 34536 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Blackjacket are predators and they attack only live prey, they rejected dead bugs. They are mostly predators of small spiders, phalangids, mirids, lygaeids, spittle bugs, house flies, sawflies larvae, caterpillars and smallest grasshoppers. They reject adult butterflies, hard beetles and large hymenopterans. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They also feed of flower nectar or sweet substances (Akre et al.1982)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-ConservationStatus 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Not currently of any concern. 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-Cyclicity 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "In Alberta, specimens have been collected from April to September." 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-Distribution 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Saskatchewan and Alberta. North Dakota south to Texas, west to California and Oregon. Recorded from the following states in Mexico: Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Veracruz, Zacatecas and south to Oaxaca (Manley and Pitts 2007)." 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-GeneralDescription 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "These wasps are antlike in appearance (Manley and Pitts 2002). Compound eyes somewhat hemispherical. Felt line only present on tergite II. Dorsal setae uniformly light orange to red (Manley and Pitts 2007). Females: Wingless. Setae not plumose (Manley and Pitts 2002). Head much narrower than mesosoma, which lacks a scutellar scale (Manley and Pitts 2007). Antennal scrobe carinate dorsally. Sternum II pitted. Males: Winged. Posterolateral angle of the last sternite dentate. Mandibles lack notches ventrally (Manley and Pitts 2002). Wing venation normal with a sclerotized pterostigma. Axilla prominent and notauli absent. Two spurs present on mesotibia." 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-Habitat 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Arid sandy regions. 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-LifeCycle 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Solitary ectoparasites of ground-dwelling wasps and bees (Mickel 1928). Adult females enter host nests and deposit eggs into diapausing larvae or pupae (Arnesonand Pitts 2003). The parasitic larvae then consume the entire host before entering the prepupal stage (Mickel 1928). The size of adults is believed to depend directly on the size of the host larva. Thus, host availability may be the cause of geographic, seasonal, and annual size differences (Deyrup and Manley 1986). Also, females may determine whether to release or withhold sperm upon oviposition depending on host size. As they search for hosts, adult females build new retreats daily (VanderSal 2008). Adults are inactive midday when temperatures are highest (Mickel 1928); however, females have a higher tolerance to high temperatures than males. This is likely due to their reduced mobility. Adult females are reputed to have a very painful sting." 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
39065-TrophicStrategy 39065 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Currently known larval hosts: Anthophora occidentalis (Cresson), Diadasia enavata (Cresson), Diadasia bituberculata (Cresson), Diadasia nitidifrons (Cockerell), and Megachile perihirta Cockerell (Manley 2007). It is speculated that adult females eat nectar and larvae from host nests (Brothers 1989)." 1/10/14 8:21 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-ConservationStatus 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status This species is common and this is not reported in vulnerability status. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-Cyclicity 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Colonies are annual and short lived. Queens choose the nest in May. The colony decline in early October. 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-Distribution 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This Neartic species is widely distributed from Canada to United Sates. In Canada this species is present in all states and territories excluding Nunavut. In United States the species is present in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah and Wisconsin (Buck et al. 2008, Miller 1961)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-GeneralDescription 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This species is black with white or ivory markings, the body is stout and the wings are smoky. In average the queen size 19 mm, males 14 mm and workers 13 mm (VanDyk 2003). Head: oculo-malar space is large more than half as long as the penultimate antennal segment; with ivory or white pattern on most of the face; black clypeal mark extending from dorsal margin ventrally. Mesosoma: pronotal carina always ivory or white; metanotum sometimes lacking pair of ivory or white spots; lower half of the sides of the pronotum and propodeum transversely striate; hind tibia largely or completely black marked with pale on outer surface. Metasoma: Metasomal terga 1 to 3 entirely black and terga 4 to 6 with white or ivory stripes; male aedeagus bifurcated distally.Sexual dimorphism: Males have long antennae 13 segments, workers and queen (females) antennae have12 segments (Buck et al. 2008, Miller 1961)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-Habitat 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open boreal forest, forest edges and prairies. Urban zones as gardens, parkland, meadows and houses." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-LifeCycle 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The Bald-faced Hornet is a social species with large annual colonies. Nest mostly are aerial, usually higher above the ground more than 20 cm. Nest are built in vegetation, on rocks, houses or wood structures, occasionally, nest may be subterranean or in hollow trees. It resembles grayish paper and its shape is like a big basketball, the nest is suspended in leaves, branches or other structures. The queen utilize chewing cellulose to build a paper nest with several cells, she deposits one egg in each cell, she nurse the larvae with nectar, insects and spiders, 30 days later the first workers emerges, the queen doesn’t leave the nest again and her function is egg laid. The mature colony is big; it holds 100-400 maximum 650 workers. The workers search food and fibers, help with the colony thermoregulation, care the larvae, clean the cells, feed the queen, the larvae and the males, they exhibit trophallaxis, mauling and ovoposition behavior, and also they protect the colony, 20 -75 Bald-faced Hornet are involved in defense of the nest and they can sting. In late September the larger reproductive cells for queens and males are reared. Finally, the colony declines in early October and all the members of the parental colony die. The old nest is taken by birds that look for larvae and pupae. At the end to the fall the new queens and males leave the nest and mate. Only inseminated queens hibernate and survive the winter, they burrow into a hollow old tree to survive the winter (Akre et al. 1981)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
34537-TrophicStrategy 34537 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Bald-faced Hornets are predators and they attack only live prey. They are mostly predators of spiders, harvestmen, hemipterans, spittle bugs, house flies, sawflies larvae, caterpillars, beetles, other yellowjackets species and grasshoppers. The adults carry their prey or part of them to the nest to feed their larval states. They sometimes feed of flower nectar or sweet substances (Akre et al. 1981, VanDyk 2003)." 6/4/10 13:43 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33144-Distribution 33144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Cucullia similaris is a western species, occurring west of the Great Plains from southwestern Alberta west to central southern BC, south to Nevada, Utah and Colorado. In Alberta it is known only from a single historic collection from ""Didsbury""." 10/24/09 10:22 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33144-GeneralDescription 33144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium-size (4.5-5.0 cm wingspan) grey moth with pointed elongate forewings. The forewings are light grey in the median area shading to darker grey along the costa, with a narrow black border along the lower margin, terminating in a small crescent followed by a black streak. The orbicular and reniform spots are essentially obsolete, reduced to a characteristic freckled streak of white and black scales. The hindwings are dirty white shading to dark grey-brown on the outer half, with the veins finely lined with dark grey scales. The absence of brown on the forewings will separate similaris from montanae, omissa and postera, and the dark streak, crescent and terminal streak along the lower margin will separate similaris from speyeri and intermedia. Cucullia similaris most resembles and is most likely to be confused with C. florea. The forewings of florea are uniform darker grey; those of similaris are paler grey in the median area and darker along the costa and lower margin. The orbicular and reniform spots are barely indicated in florea, while similaris has a characteristic and relatively prominent light and dark freckled strip through the reniform and orbicular area. Adults and the genitalia of both sexes are illustrated by Poole (1995)." 10/24/09 10:22 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33144-LifeCycle 33144 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle Poorly known. There is apparently a single brood and adults come to light. The larva is described in detail and illustrated in color by Petit and Petit. The larvae were found and reared on grey rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseossus) (Petit and Pettit 2003). 10/24/09 10:22 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-ConservationStatus 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-Cyclicity 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults may be found all summer long (depending on growth conditions) but activities generally peak from April to June. If conditions allow for three generations, first adult emergence is usually in March, followed by another in May, and a last one in June (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-Distribution 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "These beetles may be found in both eastern and western Canada, but not in central Canada (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-GeneralDescription 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults may be completely black, or black with a bit of a red margin around the edges, or reddish brown. Frons are flatten (more so in males) and the ventral abdominal stenites slope up gently to meet the elytra (LaBonte et. al. 2003). They can be around 1.8 to 2.4 mm long (Bright 1976). This species of Scolytus do not have a spine on its abdominal sternites (LaBonte et. al. 2003)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-Habitat 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Adults are commonly found around where host trees are available and the larvae are always found in the woody tissues of said trees. 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-LifeCycle 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larvae usually hatch within days and larvae will feed on the wood in the trunk of the tree. As they get older, the larvae will burrow into the wood for pupation where they later overwinter (Bright 1976). Larvae that pupate in the summer months however, may be found in the bark instead of in the wood. This species of bark beetles may overwinter at different stages of the life cycle (i.e. various larvae instar and pupa stage) (Bright 1976). There can be one to three generations produced within a single year, depending on developmental conditions (Bright 1976, Bentley et. al. 2006)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33854-TrophicStrategy 33854 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy beetles feed on the twigs of stone or pome fruit trees. Extensive feeding damages may result in twig death (Bright 1976). Feeding is only initiated at wound sites on trees (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-ConservationStatus 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Of no concern. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-Cyclicity 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Anytime. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-Distribution 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A pest species, found throughout the world. Not reported from Alberta by Bowman (1951)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-GeneralDescription 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "A medium sized Pyralid with a wingspan of 15-20 mm. The basal part of the forewings is pale brownish and the outer part darker brown. Darker AM and PM lines are present. The hindwings are pale white with darker veins. One of a number of household pests of which the commonest is Plodia interpunctella which has the basal part of the forewings pale and the outer part reddish-brown. Ephestia kuehniella has a wingspan of around 22 mm, and uniformly gray forewings with zigzag AM lines. In the Family Pyralidae, subfamily Phycitinae. Formerly called Ephestia cautella (Wlk.)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-Habitat 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inside houses or areas where stored vegetable material is kept. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-LifeCycle 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The larvae live in silken, frass-filled galleries in the food source and later spin a silken cocoon." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
24041-TrophicStrategy 24041 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Dried fruits, nuts and grains." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-ConservationStatus 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "As an introduced species, not of concern, although there is some evidence that this species might compete with and affect the behaviour of native Polites spp. in Ontario." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-Distribution 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This is an introduced European species that most likely spread to North America as overwintering eggs in grass seed, and first detected at London, Ontario, in 1910. It is widely established in eastern Canada and the United States, with isolated colonies in the west, one of which became established in Edmonton in the 1980s and is still spreading outward from that centre." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-GeneralDescription 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This is one of three plain orange skippers in our fauna, with only a small dark stigma dorsally on the males, and without a contrasting wing pattern ventrally. Dorsally, the wing margins are dark, and the darkness extends onto the apices of the wing veins. The wing fringe is orange. Oarisma garita has a white wing fringe, more diffuse dark wing margins dorsally, and light coloured wing veins ventrally. Atrytone logan is larger, with longer antennae, more distinct dark wing margins and dark wing veins dorsally, and a dorsal forewing cell-end bar. As well, note that Thymelicus is more prone to hovering in flight, rather than ""skipping"" in the fashion of the other two species." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-Habitat 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open grassy areas, often disturbed, such as roadsides and hay fields." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-LifeCycle 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Thymelicus lineola is the only species of North American skipper for which eggs are the overwintering stage. There is one brood in Alberta, which begins to emerge in late June." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
25838-TrophicStrategy 25838 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Grasses, and especially timothy (Phleum pratense)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-ConservationStatus 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-Cyclicity 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Overwintering generations will emerge as adults in June or July, while their progeny will emerge either in August and September, or overwinter. Some of the adults that emerge in August and September may breed and giving rise to another generation of overwintering larval individuals (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-Distribution 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "These beetles are European in origin but have accidentally been introduced in North America (Bright 1976). They can now be found in most of Eastern Canada, and is gradually spreading westwards. Adults of S. multistriatus have been collected in Alberta." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-GeneralDescription 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults can be about 2.2 - 3.0mm long and are reddish brown in colour. Both males and females will have a cylindrical and narrow spine arising from the anterior edge of the 2rd abdominal sternite (Bright 1976, LaBonte et. al. 2003). Teeth are usually present on the posterior-lateral margins of the 2nd to 4th abdominal sternites (LaBonte et. al. 2003)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-Habitat 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat These beetles spend most of their lives around their host trees (Ulmus spp.). Adults will be found on the trees themselves while larvae are always in the wood. 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-LifeCycle 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In Canada, these beetles may produce one and a half generations each year. They overwinter as larvae and adults will emerge in June or July. These adults will mate and most of these progeny will finish development by August and September. Some of them, however, may overwinter as larvae before emerging in June/July the following year. Adults that emerge in late summer are also capable of mating and oviposition to produce another generation of overwintering larvae (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33853-TrophicStrategy 33853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy Both adults and larvae feed on Elm. The adults generally attack small twigs and the larvae feed on the wood in the trunk (Bright 1976). Large feeding damage may kill the twig or even girdle the trunk. 1/29/10 10:44 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-ConservationStatus 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-Cyclicity 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adults have been collected in Alberta from May to August. 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-Distribution 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution This beetle may be found throughout Canada and may be found in the eastern and western parts of the USA (Bright 1976). 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-GeneralDescription 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults may be 2.4 to 3.3 mm long and are shiny black in colour. The frons is flattened and depressed in between the eyes (Bright 1976). The second sternite is not concaved and rises vertically to meet the elytra. In both males and females, there is a median spine arising in the center of the 2nd abdominal sternite (i.e. base of spine does not touch the anterior or posterior margin of 2nd sternite) (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-Habitat 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Adults will generally be found on host tree limbs. Larvae, on the other hand, will be found solely in the wood of trees. Host trees targeted are mostly spruce (Picea spp.), and to a lesser degree, firs (Abies spp.) and larches (Larix spp.)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-LifeCycle 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Females lay 10 to 30 eggs in each parental gallery and the hatched larvae will create feeding galleries that extend from the parental gallery. Upon completion of larval development within the wood of the host tree, S. piceae will overwinter as pupae underneath the bark. Only one generation of this beetle species is produced each year in Canada (Bright 1976)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33855-TrophicStrategy 33855 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adult beetles generally attack dead or dying branches of spruce trees (Picea sp.) but are also known to attack firs (Abies sp.) and to a lesser degree, larches (Larix sp.) (Bright 1976). Larvae will feed on woody tissues in trees." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-ConservationStatus 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status N. A. 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-Cyclicity 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Overwintering individuals (1st generations) generally emerge from April to May (Liu & Haack 2003). 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-Distribution 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This beetle originated from Asia and has recently established itself in North America . They are usually found where their host plants are available (Liu & Haack 2003, LaBonte et. al. 2003)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-GeneralDescription 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult S. schevyrewi are distinguishable by the presence of a black transverse band on the posterior end of the reddish-brown elytra (Liu & Haack 2003, LaBonte et. al. 2003). They are usually about 3.2 to 4.2 mm long with slightly protruding frons. A spine is usually present on the 2nd abdominal sternite and may be variable in shape and position. The spine appears mostly conical shape in lateral view and triangular in posterior view (LaBonte et. al. 2003). There are no teeth on the lateral margins of the abdominal sternites (LaBonte et. al. 2003). Larval are whitish in colour with creamy-yellow head capsules (Liu & Haack 2003)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-Habitat 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Adults are usually found on host trees while the juveniles may be found either in the wood of the tree or in the bark (Liu & Haack 2003). 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-LifeCycle 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "This species of beetle overwinters as pupae or as adults hidden under bark. Upon emergence in early Spring, these individuals will mate and produce the 1st generation which emerges around July (Liu & Haack 2003). These 1st generations individuals then mate once again and produce the 2nd generation which mostly overwinters as pupae. Some of the 2nd generation beetle, however, may complete development (if conditions are favourable), emerge late in the summer and produce a 3rd generation, which will overwinter. Mating often occurs on the surface of the tree next to entry holes leading to egg galleries (Liu & Haack 2003)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33856-TrophicStrategy 33856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "These beetles feed on various species of elms. In North America, they generally attack native American Elms and Siberian Elms. Adults will target twigs while the larvae will feed on wood within a tree trunk (Liu & Haack 2003)." 1/29/10 10:45 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-ConservationStatus 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Conservation is not of concern for Laphria janus. 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-Cyclicity 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults are found late may through July, and possibly earlier in the southern portion of the range." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-Distribution 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Laphria janus is found from the southern Yukon to Ontario and Maine, extends south to New York and Michigan in the east, and Utah and Colorado in the west (Cannings 1994, 1997; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-GeneralDescription 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Medium to large, 10-20 mm in length. Laphria janus is a conspicuous bee-mimic which is generally robust, with highly-pubescent raptorial legs and an enlarged hypopharynx used in hunting. The hypopharynx of this species is surrounded by coarse white to yellow setae, referred to as a mystax. Antennae are stout and short, and eyes are large and conspicuous. Moderately course hairs (pubescence) are present and cover the posterior ends of the thorax and abdomen; L. janus is easily distinguished from other Laphria by the abdominal piles being orange and thoracic piles being yellowish. Fine pubescence can continue along the whole of the thorax and abdomen. Males have a slender abdomen, while females have a more rounded abdomen. (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-Habitat 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open glades within boreal, transitional, and Cordilleran forests. Frequently found in dry spruce forests and often in adjacent grasslands (Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-LifeCycle 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33848-TrophicStrategy 33848 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:55 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-ConservationStatus 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Conservation is not a concern for Laphria sadales. 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-Cyclicity 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adults are found June through July, and possibly earlier in the southern portion of the range." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-Distribution 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Widespread. Adults have been documented from Alberta to California and Colorado, and as far east as Connecticut and New Hampshire (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-GeneralDescription 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Medium sized; 8-12 mm in length. Body is black and apparently bare (with no significant pubescence), giving a slender appearance. Abdomen is slender and black, and legs are orange to red, except coxae and tarsi which are black. Legs are mostly bare, and are relatively delicate. Compared to most Laphria, which are bee-mimics and large, robust predators, Laphria sadales is one of the less impressive flies of the genus. Antennae are very small, and the setae of the mystax (hairs surrounding the mouthparts) and surrounding mane are relatively short and inconspicuous compared to other species. The hypopharynx is also small relative to other species in the genus Laphria. Sexual dimorphism is slight, with males having slightly paler abdomens and golden abdominal piles (clumps of hairs; compared to black abdominal piles in females). This species is often confused with L. xanthippe (Williston), but can be distinguished by the entirely black abdomen and red legs (McAtee 1919; Adisoemarto 1967)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-Habitat 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open glades within boreal forests (spruce); generally associated with montane and subalpine regions. Occasionally found in open grasslands (Cannings 1994, 1997)." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-LifeCycle 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
33849-TrophicStrategy 33849 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "See \ngenus page." 1/28/10 13:32 3/6/14 21:53 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-Cyclicity 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult flight periods occur from May to July (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-Distribution 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Arkansas, and Wyoming) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-GeneralDescription 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 13-18mm (with their forewings 6-8mm in length) (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987). The forewings have dark areas and markings that are grayish brown or brownish black in coloration. The hindwings are paler than the forewings. This moth can be distinguished from other moths of this genus by the two white interfascial bands on the forewing bordering the dark median fascia. Specimens found in Wyoming may have these areas moderately suffused with brownish-gray irrorations (Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-Habitat 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit grasslands and mountainous regions with occasional occurrence in small patches of grassland in boreal regions (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-LifeCycle 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In North America, this genus consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Salix and Populus (Miller 1987). These larvae then pupate (mostly likely hibernate as larvae or pupae) and emerge from their leaf rolls as adults in July (Razowski 2003). Most likely multiple generations per year at lower latitudes." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
19210-TrophicStrategy 19210 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva is a leaf-roller and feeds on Salix (willow), Populus balsamifera (balsam poplar), and Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) (Prentice 1966)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-Cyclicity 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Adult flight periods occur from mid June to early July (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-Distribution 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to New York and Arizona) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-GeneralDescription 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species have an alar expanse of 12-15mm (with forewings 5.5-7mm in length) (Heinrich 1924, Miller 1987). The forewings have dark areas and markings that are black in coloration. The hindwings are paler than the forewings. The palpi and head are white with grey dusting. In contrast, the thorax is dark grey with white dusting. This moth can be distinguished from other moths of this genus by the well defined, black basal patch. The white interfascial band is medially divided. Blackish-gray scales produce white costal and dorsal patches. This moth is the only midwestern species of its genus that has this degree black-charcoal scaling on the forewings (Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-Habitat 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit boreal forests with occasional occurrence in small patches of grassland in boreal regions (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-LifeCycle 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In North America, this genus consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Populus (Miller 1987). These larvae then pupate (mostly likely hibernate as larvae or pupae) and emerge from their leaf rolls as adults in July (Razowski 2003). Most likely multiple generations per year at lower latitudes." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26818-TrophicStrategy 26818 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy The larva is a leaf-roller and feeds on Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) (Prentice 1966). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:02 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-ConservationStatus 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-Distribution 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Introduced from Europe and has Palearctic distribution. Recorded for the first time in Nova Scotia in 1929 and currently wide spread in Atlantic Canada (Fall, 1934, Lindroth, 1955, Majka, 2005). It is restricted in its range mainly to eastern Canada. Reported from New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Quebec (Lindroth, 1955, CBIF, 2010)." 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-GeneralDescription 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are stoutly built, 11 - 14.3 mm in length. Remarkably large head. Prothorax is thicker and darker with slight bronze hue and a key to species identification. It is large, hind prothoracic angles are strongly protruding with densely punctate base. Legs and head appendages are reddish brown. In males, meso-tibiae of legs bear two tubercles which are usually one in number in other species. Elytra are short and widen behind middle (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-Habitat 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open meadows, grounds with weedy patches, especially those close to ports and towns. Too dry conditions are not favorable (Lindroth, 1992)." 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-LifeCycle 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Details on its life history are not available from Canada. However, larvae are noted to hibernate in winter (Lindroth, 1945). Details on life history are available from Europe. In general, oviposition starts late in the season from August to September. First and second instar larvae continue feeding on weed seeds and overwinter in third stadium. Adults emerge late in next summer season (Saska, 2005)." 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36646-TrophicStrategy 36646 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are granivorous. Seed feeding in larval stage is essential for overall growth and development. Adults exhibit similar food preferences as larvae. Adults usually feed on flower heads and unripe seeds of members of family Asteraceae. Adults and larvae together can remove considerable amount of seed from weed plants they feed on. Some important host plants noted include: Cirsium arvense (L.) and Artemisia vulgaris L. (Saska, 2005)." 1/17/11 9:42 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-ConservationStatus 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "No specific information available on conservation of this species in Canada. Other reports suggest conservation of semi-natural grasslands and gaps on forest exteriors has positive effects on this species (Taboada et al., 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-Distribution 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Amara familiaris is introduced species in North America. This species has Palaearctic distribution and occurs mainly in Eurasia and Siberia. In Canada, it is recorded from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta (Lindroth, 1968, CBIF, 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-GeneralDescription 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "It is a small species with adults measuring from 5.6 to 7.2 mm. Legs dark or dark black in colouration with greenish or bluish glossy upper surface. Antennae have segments 1 - 3 with base of at least 4. Eyes flat, prothorax with angular protruding front angles and shallow basal foveae which are surrounded by a group of punctulae. Elytral striations apically deepened. Male copulatory organ (penis) straight and slightly bent and possesses lateral lobes (parameres) (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-Habitat 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Open grounds with weedy vegetation. Greater abundance in habitats with weeds such as Stellaria media and Polygonum aviculare (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-LifeCycle 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults overwinter in soil and emerge in spring and become sexually active. Their emergence is followed by dispersal and colonization of weedy areas and abandoned fields with profuse weed growth. Larval stage has three instars which feed on weed seeds. Larvae are active from April to mid-June. Third larval instar undergoes pupation in the upper surface of soil. First generation adults further overwinter to emerge in spring (Saska and Honek, 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21780-TrophicStrategy 21780 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "This species is a specialist seed feeder and larvae feed extensively on the seeds of common chickweed, Stellaria media (Klimes and Saska, 2010). However, adults also feed on unripe seeds of hickweed (Cerastium sp.) and grass seeds (Lundgren, 2009). Female fecundity is dependent on seed feeding and they do not reproduce until they have fed on the seeds of S. media (Saska, 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-ConservationStatus 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-Distribution 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Mainly Palearctic in distribution. Introduced into North America from Europe. Species in its distribution is much restricted to northeastern North America. Reported in Canada from Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario (Lindroth, 1968, CBIF, 2010)." 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-GeneralDescription 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adult range from 6.2 to 8.8 mm in length (Lindroth, 1968) with males ranging from 7 - 7.5 mm and females 7 - 8.5 mm (Avgine and Emre, 2009). Adult body narrow and flat, black bright upper surface with brassy, greenish or rarely bluish reflection. Eyes are flatter than A. familiaris. Prothorax with front angles protruded, absence of convex surface (fovea) on outer prothorax while inner surface has sharp, short streak parallel to the median line. Elytra with fine striae, each with 3 sub-apical punctures. Male genitals slightly S-shaped at apex (side view) with hooked lateral lobes (parameres) (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-Habitat 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It is found on dry and open grasslands, sandy soil, lawns in parks and gardens (Lindroth, 1955)." 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-LifeCycle 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults overwinter in soil and emerge in spring to reproduce (Lindroth, 1992). There are three larval instars that feed on weed seeds and also on the immature stages of other insects. Larvae pupate inside upper layer of soil and emerge as adults (Saska and Jarosik, 2001)." 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36642-TrophicStrategy 36642 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults are omnivorous feeding on a range of arthropods (Hurka, 1996, Klimes and Saska, 2010). Larvae are primarily omnivorous and also feed on weed seeds (Saska and Jarosik, 2001). Larvae have been found to have higher survivorship on mixed diet of insect preys and weed seeds than sole feeding on either of the two diets (Hurka and Jarosik, 2003). Larvae and adults have been recorded in abundance in apple orchards colonizing weedy areas on species like chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) (OMAFRA, 1996)." 1/17/11 9:36 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-ConservationStatus 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-Distribution 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Palearctic distribution. Introduced from Europe and recorded first in Nova Scotia in 1929. Distributed in Canada in New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Quebec (Lindroth 1954, Lindroth, 1955, Lindroth 1968)." 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-GeneralDescription 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are 5.3 - 7.4 mm in length, narrow bodied and much paler in color than any other species of the genus Amara. Brown to reddish brown with pale bronze luster. Appendages brownish yellowish and almost transparent. Eyes are convex. Basal half of prothorax is parallel sided with truncated anterior margin, more or less denticulate hind angles. It also has expanded punctuation (having tiny spots, punctures) at the base which is a key character. Prosternum of male is smooth. Elytra are long with shallow striations and with punctuation. Male genitalia smaller, straight and long apex and lateral lobes with hooks (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-Habitat 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Dry, open habitats preferred. It is xerophyllic species and thus favors sandy areas (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-LifeCycle 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Usually occurs in summer (Lindroth, 1992). It hibernates in larval stage and very few adult survive (Lindroth, 1968). It is autumn breeder (Varis et al.1984)." 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
36649-TrophicStrategy 36649 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults are predatory on other arthropod species and are omnivorous. Predation on cabbage root fly maggots has been noted (Andersen et al., 1983; Varis et al.1984). Adults are also found to feed on weed seed of Taraxacum officinale (Dandlion) seed (Honek et al., 2005)." 1/17/11 9:50 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-ConservationStatus 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-Distribution 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "It is a Palearctic species and distributed in Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia and Japan. It was introduced in North America in 1928 in Ontario, Toranto. In Canada, it is distributed in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec (CBIF, 2010, Lindroth, 1945). It has been reported recently from Atlantic Canada and has been recorded in Nova Scotia (Majka et al., 2006)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-GeneralDescription 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are stout. Females measure about 10 - 11mm and males are 9 - 10 mm in length. Body is dorsally greenish metallic while it is black in colour ventrally. Male genitalia are slender and slightly curved and tapered at apex. Antennomeres vary in coloration with basal 1 - 3 segments black and 4 - 11 segments red. Tibiae are red while femora and tarsi are red to reddish black in color (Avgine and Emre, 2009)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-Habitat 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "It habituates dry and open habitats. Gravelly grounds and sandy to loam soil structures are favored. Tall grassy patches often colonized. Cruciferous vegetation is usually preferred. It is also found in the vicinity of areas colonized by human population and has been noted in railway embankments, city roads etc. (Lindroth, 1992)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-LifeCycle 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The adults emerge in spring, mate and start oviposition. Larvae are present in field from July to September. There are three larval instars (Saska and Honek, 2003). Larvae pupate in soil in their final stadium and emerge as sexually immature adults in August. They do not mate and overwinter inside soil to emerge again in next spring. This species is a typical spring breeder (Lindroth, 1992)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
29226-TrophicStrategy 29226 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Adults are granivorous and feed on seeds of cruciferous plant species such as Barbaraea vulgaris. The species has been found active in crops of winter wheat and winter rape (Honek and Jarosik, 2000). However, larva is carnivorous (Blunck, 1925)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-ConservationStatus 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status Information not available. 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-Distribution 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "It has a circumpolar distribution and is one of the early introduced species in North America from Europe. It is distributed globally and present in Europe, Asia Minor, Siberia and North America. In Canada, it is present in the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory and Prince Edward Island (CBIF, 2010, Lindroth, 1949). This species is widely distributed in Newfoundland (South, 1983)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-GeneralDescription 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Adults are 6.5 - 9.0 mm in length. Adults are elongate, dark to brown with a faint bronze luster. Antennae, mouth parts and legs are reddish brown in colour. Eyes are convex and large. Prothorax is rounded with truncated anterior margins, sinuated at the base, hind angles denticulate. Elytra parallel-sided at middle with coarsely punctured striations which are notable at the base and flattened at the apex. Males with convex prosternum, hind tibiae bear brush like projections. Male genitalia smaller, convex at the base and straight at the apex, left margin protruded and hooks on lateral lobes rudimentary (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-Habitat 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Occurs in most open types of habitats, dry areas with weedy patches or meadows are often favored. Also found in gardens, parks and courtyards (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-LifeCycle 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "No specific information is available on the biology of this species. Immature adults emerge in summer from June to July and emergence continues till August. Larvae mainly overwinter, however, sometimes adults overwinter too (Lindroth, 1968)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23370-TrophicStrategy 23370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae are mainly granivorous and feed on weed seeds (Lindroth, 1968). Adults are omnivorous and feed on eggs of root maggot flies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in vegetable crops such as cabbage (Prasad and Snider, 2006)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 22:01 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-ConservationStatus 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "At high densities the Packard grasshopper can cause damage to grain crops and alfalfa, but at its usual low densities it is not a pest because of its preference for poor forage plants (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-Cyclicity 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Melanoplus packardii nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch from May to early June. Adults (wings extend the length of the abdomen or beyond) can be found about 47 to 63 days after the nymphs have hatched and due to their longevity a sizable population lives through August and September (Pfadt 2002). This grasshopper has been collected in July and August in Alberta (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-Distribution 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This species can be found in the southern half of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and the southern edge of Manitoba. It ranges broadly across the western half of the United States down to the northern edge of Mexico (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). Records indicate that this grasshopper can be found as far north as Fairview in Alberta (Strickland Museum)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-GeneralDescription 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The Melanoplus packardii is a large spurthroated grasshopper with long wings extending as much as 6 mm beyond the end of the abdomen. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). It has bright tan, brown and yellow colour patterns. Two bright stripes run down the head and disk of the pronotum. Cerci of the males are spatulate and the supraanal plate (the cup-shaped plate at the end of the male abdomen) narrows gradually to the pointed end. Females can be identified by using size, markers and colouring to associate them with the males (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-Habitat 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "The Packard grasshopper inhabits grasslands, croplands, and mountain meadows of western North America (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-LifeCycle 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of this species is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). After mating, the eggs mature in the female for about 20 days before oviposition. About 16 to 29 tan eggs are deposited in bare ground in a slightly curved pod about 3 cm long." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38038-TrophicStrategy 38038 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The Packardgrasshopper consumes both grasses and forbs, but seems to prefer legumes including milkvetch, loco, peavine, and scurfpeas (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:58 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-ConservationStatus 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "The migratory grasshopper, as its name implies, congregates into swarms and migrates in search of food. It is a serious agricultural and rangeland pest causing the most damage of all the species of grasshoppers in the States (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-Cyclicity 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Melanoplus sanguinipes nymphs (no wings or short wing buds) hatch from May to June. Adults (wings extend past the abdomen) can be found about 35 to 55 days after the nymphs have hatched (Pfadt 2002). In Alberta they have been collected in July and August (Strickland Museum records). 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-Distribution 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This migratory grasshopper ranges from coast to coast across North America, spreading as far north as Alaska and the Canadian territories and as far south as the southern States (based on range map in Pfadt 2002). In has been found in mid-Alberta (Strickland Museum records)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-GeneralDescription 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "Melanoplus sanguinipes is a medium-sized spurthroated grasshopper with long wings extending well past the abdomen. This and other grasshoppers of the subfamily Melanoplinae often have a spiny bump on their ""throat"" between their front legs (Johnson 2002). The males of this species can easily be identified by the notch in theirsubgenital plate, the rounded shape of their cerci and the node or bump on theirmesosternum. Adult females are slightly larger than the males but can be associated with them by their similar colour patterns (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-Habitat 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat The migratory grasshopper is found in all North American habitats except the far north and Mexico (Pfadt 2002). 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-LifeCycle 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The life cycle of Melanoplus sanguinipes is described in Pfadt's Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers (2002). Nymphal maturation through the 5 instars is accelerated at high altitudes. The earlier emerging adults have better reproductive success because the eggs have more time to mature in the soil before winter diapause and more favourable moisture conditions. Males are able to recognize an unmated female and perform a short courtship ritual where they wave their antennae and vibrate their femora. About 6 days after mating, the female oviposits her clutch of eggs among the roots of blue grama or other prairie grasses. This may take up to an hour. The egg pods are curved; about 2.5 cm long, and contain 18 to 24 pale yellow or cream coloured eggs. Healthy adults copulate many times and a long-lived female may lay up to 20 egg pods." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38039-TrophicStrategy 38039 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The migratory grasshopper consumes a mixture of plants that grow in its habitat, but seem to prefer dandelion, tumble mustard, wild mustard, pepperweed, western ragweed, downy brome, Kentucky bluegrass, barley, and wheat (Pfadt 2002)." 3/29/11 8:56 3/6/14 21:57 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-Cyclicity 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Adult flight periods occur from June to early July and specifically July to August in Alberta (Gilligan et al. 2008, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-Distribution 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "This genus has a primarily Holarctic range with seven species recognized in North America (New Hampshire to Manitoba and south to Florida and Louisiana) (Gilligan et al. 2008, Fernald 1882, Pohl et al. 2010)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-GeneralDescription 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "This genus has a forewing pattern that is uniform with the basal patch and median fascia well defined. This well defined region is also separated by an interfascial band of contrasting, lighter coloration. Male moths lack costal folds and notching near the base of their antennae. Male genitalia consist of a prominent clasper on the basal excavation margin and a cluster of long scales on the tegumen (near the area where the tegumen articulates with the vinculum). Female genitalia consist of two tacklike signa with some degree of sclerotization of the ductus bursae. The sculpturing of the sterigma is different between species (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008).\nThis species has an alar expanse of 10-11mm (with their forewings 4.5-5.5mm in length) (Heinrich 1923, Miller 1987, Gilligan et al. 2008). The forewings have dark areas and markings that are grayish brown in coloration. The forewings can vary in color from light brown to graish brown. The hindwings are paler than the forewings. This moth can be distinguished from other moths of this genus by its size. It is the smallest midwestern moth of its genus. The basal patch does not differ much in color from the interfacial area adjacent to it. Some specimens in Iowa have a metallic blue cast on the interfascial areas (Gilligan et al. 2008)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-Habitat 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Inhabit boreal forests with occasional occurrence in small patches of grassland in boreal regions (Pohl et al. 2010). 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-LifeCycle 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In North America, this genus consists of leaf-rolling larvae that feed within their rolled leaves of Salix (Miller 1987). These larvae then pupate (mostly likely hibernate as larvae or pupae) and emerge from their leaf rolls as adults in July (Razowski 2003). Most likely multiple generations per year at lower latitudes." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
23461-TrophicStrategy 23461 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "The larva is a leaf-roller and feeds on Salix (willow) (Prentice 1966). They can also be inquilin feeders in falls on Salix (Heinrich 1923, Fernald 1882)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/6/14 21:59 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-ConservationStatus 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "No conservation data could be found on the species, but because of its relative abundance it is assumed to be of least concern." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-Cyclicity 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "Found most commonly in the months of May and June. Can be found as late as August (Kanston, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-Distribution 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "A wide range, east of the Rocky mountains, north up to Great Slave Lake, as far east as Newfoundland. Not commonly found in prairies or the Canadian Shield. (Maddison, 1996)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-GeneralDescription 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "All species of Pelegrina are easily distinguished from relatives by the male embolus which have two rami placed retrolaterally to the opening. This characteristic is more easily seen in P. flavipes than in any other Pelegrina species, whose ridge between these rami is the deepest. In addition, the retrolateral rami’s relative thickness is diagnostic. Males of the species sport strong and well-defined cheek bands above the side line of the head, 3 white spots above the large anterior eyes, and a small black spot on top of each of the chelicerae. Setae of two different colours overhang the chelicerae: white on the medial portion and brown on the lateral portion. Legs, chelicerae and carapace are yellow. Unlike many species of salticids, the head is not particularly bulbous or wide. Females are much more difficult to distinguish, but their best diagnostic character is their overall brassy sheen, the product of transparent scales covering the spider’s body. Beige spots can be seen above and between the anterior median eyes. The clypeus is densely covered in white scales. Also, the fourth pair of white spots on the abdomen have come together to form a chevron. On the ventral portion, the epygynum has two thickened flaps, a characteristic trait of all Pelegrina. In P. flavipes the flaps are flat and lie parallel to each other with the first curve of the duct broad while the second curve is narrow (Maddison, 1996). Males: avg. body length 3.7 mm, carapace length 1.9 mm; females: avg. body length 4.7 mm, carapace length 1.8 mm (Maddison, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-Habitat 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Found exclusively on conifers. (Maddison, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-LifeCycle 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "The species follows a reasonably typical schedule of maturation for the genus Pelegrina. The juveniles emerge from egg sacs around late July, overwinter before reaching sexual maturity. Males of P. flavipes mature in April, with females reaching sexual maturity in May (Kanston, 1948). Mating is initiated by males in the form of a species-specific visual display or ""dance"". The mating dance of males is consistent with other species of Pelegrina, in that the forelegs are held forward and in front of the male at a height lower than the body. A raised and spread posture can only be seen in males when the female has been located at some distance and upon approaching will resume the characteristic low-forward stance. Mating typically lasts about 15 minutes. Females have been found guarding nests containing dirty white coloured egg sacs in June and July. The sacs are oval, ranging from 4.5mm to 9mm in length. Fully adult forms can persist until August. Both genders are ambush predators that rely on eyesight to locate prey. Once a prey item is accepted, the spider will jump onto it and subdue it with a venomous bite. Silk is restricted to use as a tether and for construction of nests and egg sacs and not used for web building." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
21945-TrophicStrategy 21945 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Information on diet is restricted, but P. flavipes is known to be a generalist predator within its territorial niche." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:41 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-ConservationStatus 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "No conservation data could be found on the species, though it’s vast range and relative ease of collection puts it at low perceived risk." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-Cyclicity 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity Months of June to August (MCZBASE). 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-Distribution 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Their range closely matches the east border of the Rocky mountains, with some small populations in northeastern United States, Newfoundland and Quebec (Maddison, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-GeneralDescription 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "All species of Pelegrina are easily distinguished from relatives by the male embolus, which have two rami placed retrolaterally to the opening. The embolus is further differentiated in P. montana by small denticles on its anterior surface. On average, P. montana is larger and of a darker colouration than related species. On males, the side band and forehead band common to all Pelegrina are a faded white and the cheek band is either weakly present or completely absent. The clypeus is brown, with dark setae overhanging the chelicerae. The white marks on the dorsal portion of the abdomen are absent except on the latter half, where they are reduced, forming thin, pale bars. Females possess the characteristic thickened epygynal flaps present in all Pelegrina. A prominent diagnostic characteristic is these flaps' short length and convex shape. The first curve of the duct is narrow, and the second curve follows obliquely. Immediately behind the flaps is a prominent ridge shaped like a rounded rectangle. The carapace of the spider is dark, but covered in sparse, white hairs. These white scales are found in higher density on the clypeus. The abdomen is dark brown with small pairs of white spots (Maddison, 1996). Males: avg. body length 4.6 mm, carapace length 2.1 mm; females: avg. body length 5.9-6.9 mm, carapace length 2.5 mm (Maddison, 1996)." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-Habitat 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "A mountain species, found on birch, poplar and other deciduous trees preferably near streams. (Maddison, 1996)" 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-LifeCycle 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Pelegrina montana is not well studied with regards to its life history, but extrapolations can be made based on the behaviours and life histories of closely related species. The species is presumed to overwinter as a juvenile. Based on peak collection times for this species, it can be guessed that adults reach sexual maturity later than related species, developing in June and July for males and females respectively (MCZBASE). Mating is initiated by males in the form of a species-specific visual display or ""dance"". The mating dance of males is consistent with other species of Pelegrina, in that the forelegs are held forward and in front of the male at a height lower than the body. A raised and spread posture can only be seen in males when the female has been located at some distance, and upon approaching will resume the characteristic low-forward stance. Mating typically lasts about 15 minutes. Egg sacs are oval in shape and can vary greatly in size. Nests are constructed for the egg sac, which the female will guard until they hatch (Maddison, 1996). Salticids generally are ambush predators who rely on eyesight to locate prey. Once a prey item is accepted, the spider will jump onto it and subdue it with a venomous bite. Silk is restricted to use as a tether and for construction of nests and egg sacs and not used for web building." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
26426-TrophicStrategy 26426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Information on diet is not known from the literature. Based on the diets of similar species, it can be assumed that P. montana is a generalist predator." 1/14/09 10:18 3/17/14 11:40 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-ConservationStatus 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "They are an invasive species that are not on any conservation list, nationally or internationally due to their relative abundance (ADW, 2012)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-Cyclicity 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "According to studies done in Europe, adults emerge in late March or early April. The adults were observed mating a week or two after their emergence. The second generation adults emerged in June. While the young (second generation) females rarely mate until they have over-wintered, young males will mate with older (first generation) females. This creates a partial second generation (Majerus, 1994). In Alberta, it is common for this specie to produce three generations in one year (Acorn, 2007)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-Distribution 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Before it was introduced to North America between 1951 and 1970, its range extended throughout Europe and Asia. Now it is commonly found throughout most of North America (Acorn, 2007; ADW, 2012)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-GeneralDescription 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "5.5-7.8 mm long. A red or orange-red ladybug with seven black spots (Acorn, 2007; Belicek, 1976). Although it commonly has seven spots the number of spots can range from 0-9 (Majerus & Kearns, 1989). This makes it easily confused with nine-spotted ladybug, but nine-spotted ladybugs have a pale orange colour and a dark line where the wing covers meet (Acorn, 2007). In Europe, it can be confused with scarce seven-spot ladybug (Coccinella magnifica). Coccinella septempunctata have one small white triangular mark on the underside of the thorax under the middle pair of legs on each side. Whereas, C. magnifica have two small triangular marks on the underside of thorax, one under each the middle and hind pair of legs on each side (Majerus & Kearns, 1989)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-Habitat 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Diverse. It is a habitat generalist and is found throughout most habitats (Acorn, 2007; Kearns & Majerus, 1989) where significant prey, especially aphids is available (Majerus, 1989)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-LifeCycle 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "In a healthy larva, the first instar takes 22.4%, the second takes 18.4%, the third takes 17.2% and the fourth takes 41.9% of the total development time (Hodek & Honek, 1996). The larva will stop feeding 24 hours before pupating. When the pupa first emerges its elytra is soft and lacks pigment (ADW, 2012). The colouration happens over time and depends on the environment e.g. light orange under 35°C and 55% relative humidity, but dark brown under 15°C and 95% relative humidity. An increase in temperature above 200C for larval rearing has a negative effect on the weight of adult beetles e.g. increasing the temperature form 20°C to 25°C decreases the weight from 39 mg to 35.5 mg (Hodek & Honek, 1996). Sexually mature males will copulate by mouthing a female. Immature and females that are ready to lay eggs will resist this behavior. Individuals may mate multiple times to increase fecundity. Females eject spermatophore, for reason unknown. A female can lay anywhere from 200 to 1000 eggs. When eggs are being ova posited, females will avoid areas with the eggs of same species and will only deposit around 15 eggs at a spot. Breeding starts during spring/early summer and continues into fall (ADW, 2012)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
27087-TrophicStrategy 27087 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "It is polyphagus, primarily feeding on aphids. Various different aphids are essential for development. Adults dislike artificial food (Hodek, 1973). If food is low adults and larvae will eat their relatives and pollen (ADW, 2012)." 1/14/09 10:18 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-ConservationStatus 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Not evaluated. Due to a massive decline in population throughout North America, it may be nominated of future conservation efforts (ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-Cyclicity 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "It has two generations in one summer. But unlike C. septempunctata there are no indications of overlap. The spring generation goes into diapause due to the increasing day length in summer and the summer generation goes into diapause due to decreasing day length in fall (Acorn, 2007)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-Distribution 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "At one time it had a wide range all over North America, including Mexico and Guatemala (its native habitat) (Crotch, 1874). But it was considered extirpate from much of eastern United States and Canada, until it was discovered in New York in 2011 (EOL, n.d.). It has continued survival in Alberta and Saskatchewan (Acorn, 2007)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-GeneralDescription 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "4.0-7.0 mm long. A pale orange, rounded ladybug with nine black spots on the wing cover. Narrow black pigment where the wing cover meets, a feature that helps distinguish it from seven-spot ladybug (Acorn, 2007; Belicek, 1976). It also has spotless forms that can be confused with other spotless ladybugs. In that situation it is best to use the colouration and patterns on the head. It exhibits no sexual dimorphism (ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-Habitat 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Prefered young red pine stands that are not too dense, apple and peach orchids, cereal crops such as corn and oats and alfalfa fields before C. septempunctata was introduced and became widespread in the North American continent (Hodek, 1973). Their most predictable habitat now, may be, scruff pea plants along the edge of sand dunes, Purple Spring sand hills in Alberta and Burnstall dunes in Saskatchewan (Acorn, 2007)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-LifeCycle 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Larvae hatch from an egg after approximately 4 days. Larvae has four instars, the first takes 22.6%, second takes 15.9%, third takes 18.5% and the fourth takes 42.9% of the total developmental time (Hodek & Honek, 1996). It takes the larvae four-five days to reach the third instar, after approximately seven more days it reaches the end of fourth instar. Just like C. septempunctata larvae stop feeding 24 hours before pupating. It spends four days pupating and then emerges as an adult and spends one full day strengthening and pigmenting its elytra. Not much is known about the mating habits of C.novemnotata, but they are speculated to be similar to those of C. septempunctata. It is known though that the adult takes two to four days to become sexually mature. Adults breed continuously for most of the summer until just before diapause (ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31338-TrophicStrategy 31338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Larvae in a lab experiment ate nymphal leafhoppers (Hodek & Honek, 1996). Adults are insectivore and have a wide diet of crop pests such as aphids, scale insects, mites, weevils and lepidopteron eggs (EOL, n.d.; ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:41 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-ConservationStatus 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "Decrease in relative abundance due to competitive displacement by C. septempunctata. No evaluation, but may be a candidate for future conservation efforts." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-Cyclicity 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity "No studies on lifespan exist, but like most Coccinellidae species, it has two generations in one year. It emerges during early spring. The second generation adults probably emerge sometime during summer. There may be some overlap between the two generations, but only the second generation will over winter (ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-Distribution 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "Extends throughout most of North America, except northern Canada, northern Alaska and Pacific coast. C. t. subversa on the other hand is found in Pacific Northwest (Belicek, 1976; Kits, 2005)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-GeneralDescription 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "The subspecies C. t. perplexa (Mulsant) is commonly found in Alberta. It is 4.0-5.0 mm long. It is a round ladybug with reddish-orange elytra with three black bands. Middle and apical bands are interrupted and appear discontinuous (Acorn, 2007; Belicek, 1976). The subspecies C. t. subversa (LeConte) is found in Pacific states. The elytron of this close relative is usually not pigmented and only has the 1st of the three black bands (Johnson, 1910)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-Habitat 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat "Alfalfa fields, peach and apple orchids, parklands and boreal forest were the preferred habitats before the arrival of C. septempunctata. Now more of a habitat specialist (Belicek, 1976; Hodek & Honek, 1996)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-LifeCycle 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Not much is known about the life history of this species, but much can be extrapolated from its close relative Coccinella transversoguttata. Adult females will lay eggs when the average temperature is around 120C. The larvae have four instars before it pupates. The adult will emerge during summer. Not much is known about reproduction, but adults can mate multiple times with different partners (ADW, 2012)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
31341-TrophicStrategy 31341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "In a laboratory test, it did not seem to be picky (Belicek, 1976). Although it can feed on pollen, it needs more to finish its developmental stages. In an experiment the larvae ate various nymph leafhopper species (Belicek, 1976; Hodek & Honek, 1996)." 2/20/09 13:43 4/1/14 14:54 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-ConservationStatus 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#ConservationStatus Conservation Status "No conservation data could be found on the species. Though not as common as some other relatives, the species is still relatively abundant and so it is assumed to be of least concern." 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-Cyclicity 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Cyclicity Cyclicity May to July (MCZBASE). 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-Distribution 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Distribution "The range of this species extends from New Brunswick to Alberta, curving south to pass along the southern border of the Great Lakes (Maddison, 1996)." 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-GeneralDescription 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription General Description "All species of Pelegrina are easily distinguished from relatives by the male embolus, which have two rami placed retrolaterally to the opening. The embolus of P. insignis is quite thin, delicate and prone to breaking. The embolus is flared on the distal portion and covered in small denticles. The dorsal portion of the carapace is covered in brassy scales with white patches between the posterior eyes and the fovea. The side band is prominent and white, but the cheek band located just dorsally is comparatively weak. The clypeus is brown with dark setae hanging over the chelicerae. The patch of yellow hairs at the base of the chelicerae are diagnostic (Maddison, 1996). Females possess the characteristic thickened epygynal flaps present in all Pelegrina. These flaps are short and lay either parallel or divergently in P. insignis. A strong diagnostic character is the presence of a raised bulge posterior to the flaps which rises above the level of the flaps. The carapace is densely covered in yellow and white scales while the clypeus is covered in yellow scales. The legs are a uniform yellow colour. The abdomen is yellow- or red-brown with pairs of large black spots (Maddison, 1996). Males: avg. body length 3.6 mm, carapace length 1.8 mm; females: avg. body length 4.1 mm, carapace length 1.9 mm (Maddison, 1996)." 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-Habitat 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Habitat Low lying shrubs of less than half a meter in height. They prefer bogs and fields. 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-LifeCycle 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Life Cycle "Adults of this species can be found from May to July, with males developing earlier than females. Overwintering is done as juveniles (Kaston, 1948). Mating is initiated by males in the form of a species-specific visual display or ""dance"". The mating dance of males is consistent with other species of Pelegrina in that the forelegs are held forward and in front of the male at a height lower than the body. A raised and spread posture can only be seen in males when the female has been located at some distance, and upon approaching will resume the characteristic low-forward stance. Mating typically lasts about 15 minutes. The egg sacs vary in size, but are oval in shape and placed in a nest which is guarded by the female until they hatch. Female specimens have been collected in nests made of curled, but still living leaves of short herbaceous plants in the latter part of June (Madison, 1996). Salticids generally are ambush predators who rely on eyesight to locate prey. Once a prey item is accepted, the spider will jump onto it and subdue it with a venomous bite. Silk is restricted to use as a tether and for construction of nests and egg sacs, and not used for web building." 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums
38111-TrophicStrategy 38111 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Trophic Strategy "Information on diet is restricted because of the generalist nature of the spider’s diet (Jennings, 1992)." 4/12/11 15:44 3/17/14 11:38 en General public http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Copyright © 2015 University of Alberta Museums University of Alberta Museums